Hore e bopa e forebrain le seo Mesebetsi e etsa

The forebrain ke fetisisa rostral lekala ea tsamaiso ea methapo. Ho na le hemispheres bokong (e cortex) le ganglia basal. Ea bobeli, ho ba cortex ea, teng pakeng tsa likarolo tse sa tse tobileng tsa boko le diencephalon. Sebopeho sa dibopeho tsena tsa nyutlelie kenyeletsa caudate khubu, khetla, eo hammoho etsa ka polokelo striatum. lebitso la lona e fumaneng ka lebaka la ho alternation ea taba ea bohlooho, entsoe ka lisele tse methapo ea kutlo, le tse tšoeu. likarolo tsena, hammoho le bokong palo bolo, eo e bitsoa pallidum foromo striopallidarnoy tsamaiso. tsamaiso ena ka liphoofolo tse anyesang, ho akarelletsa le batho, ke sesebelisoa kgolo tsa nyutlelie le ho akarelletsa le thulaganyo ea boitšoaro dilenaneo le mesebetsi e meng ea bohlokoa.

Sebopeho sa ganglia basal ke subcortical nuclei le tse fapa-fapaneng haholo sebopeho lisele. The globus pallidus e le khōlō le tse nyenyane methapo ea kutlo. Striatum seleng e na le mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa tšoanang. Ka methapo ea kutlo striopallidarnoy tsamaiso ea ee litakatso tsa ho tloha cortex bokong, thalamus, thibela nuclei.

ke mesebetsi subcortical nuclei eng?

Kernel striopallidarnoy tsamaiso ea amehang hokahanngoe dilenaneo le mosebetsi likoloi. Tlhotlheletso ya caudate khubu, e retelehela lihlooho tsa tlhaku stereotypical le sisinya mekhatlo ea matsoho kapa forelimbs liphoofolo. Ka tshebetso ya ho ithuta striatum, e ile ea fumana hore ho na le karolo e ka le thulaganyo ya hlooho mekhatlo. Ho teneha sebopeho sena tlōla le dithulaganyo tsa memori kapa le ho ithuta. tsamaiso e khopo Striopallidarnoy fana ka litla inhibitory ka mosebetsi locomotor le metsoako e ea maikutlo, tse kang itsoara joang ka ea mabifi.

The makhapetla a hemispheres bokong

The forebrain e kenyeletsa thuto, e leng o bitsoa karolong e ka holimo. Ho nkoa ho thehoe ho fela bokong. Morphologically, cortex e entsoe ka ea bohlooho taba e koahela boko eohle le na le sebakeng se seholo ka lebaka la ho lemenong se sengata le convolutions. Taba ea bohlooho e na le nomoro ea tonanahali ea lisele methapo ea kutlo. Ka lebaka la sena palo ea dikgokelo synaptic e kgolo haholo, ho fana ka a polokelo le ho e lokisa ya tlhahisoleseding e fumaneng. Ka lebaka la ponahalo le ho iphetola ha lintho, ka thōko ea boholo-holo, a tsofetse 'me e ncha banana peels. Nakong ea ho iphetola ha lintho ba neocortex mammalian ntshetswa pele haholo-holo ka potlako. makhapetla ea boholo-holo ka sebopeho lona o na le bulbs olfactory le lipampitšana, le makukuno ana a olfactory. Sebōpeho sa karolo ea khale ea cingulate gyrus, amygdala le gyrus hippocampal. Sebaka setseng ke ea neocortex ena.

lisele tsa methapo ea kutlo ea cortex bokong ba lokisetsa le dikarolo le mokgwa ho laolehileng, ka sebopeho sa eaba ba etsa le dikarolo tse tšeletseng:

1st - bitsoa limolek'hule, ha thehoa akira theo gun methapo ea kutlo likhoele le na le nomoro ya bonyane ea lisele methapo ea kutlo.

2nd - bitsoa ka ntle grainy. Ho na le methapo ea kutlo tse nyenyane tsa dibopeho tse sa tšoaneng, a tšoanang le khoahlapisitseng.

Ea boraro - o entsoeng ka methapo ea kutlo pyramidal.

4th - ka hare granular, joaloka lera le ka ntle, e na le methapo ea kutlo e nyenyane.

5th - na le lisele tse Betz (lisele tse seqhenqha pyramidal). Dithulaganyo ea lisele tsena (axons) ho theha pampitšana pyramidal, e fihla likarolo caudal le fetisa ka ho metso ka pele ea thapo lesapo la mokokotlo.

6th - multiforme na le methapo ea kutlo kgutlotharo le fusiform.

Le hoja mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa neural ya cortex o na le haholo ke ho etsa, e le ho ithuta boitsebiso bo eketsehileng ho ile a bontša phapang e hlaha ka masela, ea boholo le nomoro ea lisele le detritus bona branching. Ka ho ithuta batho boko cortex mapa ile lokisitseng, e akarelletsang libaka tse 11 le 52 tsa naha.

Ke boikarabelo ba ho forebrain eng?

hangata haholo khale le ho feta makhapetla ho kopantswe. Ba theha boko olfactory. The forebrain e boetse ke le boikarabelo ba ho nastorazhivanie le tlhokomelo, kopanelang papaling ea ho ka liphetoho autonomic. tsamaiso ea nka karolo ea sebopeho sa boitšoaro ba tlhaho le maikutlo. Ka liteko tsa liphoofolo, ha ho teneha makhapetla khale hlaha liphello tse amanang le tsamaiso ea tshilong ya dijo: hlafunoang, engole, peristalsis. Ho boetse ho na le tena ho tonsils bakang ho fetoha ha ho sebetsa ha litho tse ka hare (a liphio, popelo, senya). Libakeng tse ling tsa cortex a amehang mosebetsing oa ho ba tshwarelela.

Hammoho le hypothalamus, sebaka limbic le forebrain (makhapetla ea boholo-holo le ba baholo) theha tsamaiso limbic, eo lula homeostasis le etsa bonnete ba ho pholosa dimela ena.