The skeletal hlophisoa lebese

Mammary tšoelesa - e mong oa litho tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa sehlopha sa tse tšehali ea liphoofolo tse anyesang tsohle. tšoelesa ena synthesizes lebese, e leng lijo feela bakeng sa bana ba bona ka mekhahlelo ea pele ea ntshetsopeleng postnatal. Mammary tšoelesa liphoofolo hangata ho thoeng ke udder. Udder ea khomo e na le litsoelesa ba bane ka thoko. E mong le e arotsoe lithupeng tšepe (khomo tsa bona - 5-20), e mong le e karolo - ka a na le dilae. Motheo mehaho le tshebetso ya ka yuniti ya tšoelesa ke alveolus, e ea ipatileng ka marangrang le letšo-letšo la methapong. Lebese - polydisperse tsamaiso e khopo e bopilweng ka ba 'nete le ditharollo colloidal, suspensions le emulsions. lebese khomo ke mokelikeli o mosoeu le yellowish moriti, sweetish tatso le le monko le.

Lebese e tsa maiketsetso ka alveoli e, karolo e 'ngoe - ka tse nyenyane le tse mahareng-boholo bo lekaneng ducts excretory. Sephiri sephetho le tla ka ducts kgolo, 'me joale bakoang ka setshelo lebese. Ho ekelletsa moo isoa ka kanale teat le lokolloa ka tikoloho. Mammary mesebetsi tšoelesa diabolololo nako, e leng nka tse ka bang 300 matsatsi.

Lebese - e mong oa lijo ka sehloohong bakeng sa batho le liphoofolo. E entsoe ka lihaha-'mele, lipids, lik'habohaedreite. Liprotheine lebese likhomo ho thuisoa ka 96-99%, lipids - 95, k'habohaedreite - 98%.

Bakeng sa lijo tsa batho ba atisa ho sebelisa lebese likhomo, tlase - lipōli, mares, likamele, linare, ba batšehali likhama, zebu le Yak.

The lik'hemik'hale ea lebese

ka tse makholo a mabeli dintho motho tse lebese. metsoako tsena ka aroloa dikotwana tse hlano ka sehloohong: letsoai, metsi, lik'habohaedreite, lipids, liprotheine. Ka lebese, metsi a ka teng liprofinseng tse peli: ka bolokolohi 'me a tlangoa. Holim 'a go tlhoma tlhaloganyo mo, omisa le mefuta e meng ea phekolo, free metsi habonolo tlosoa. metsi tlamelletsoe ke karolo ea solvate likhetla polydisperse tsamaiso ea. Ka lebese mahloriso a hloekileng metsi a tlangoa ka e ka bang 3,5% ho 2,6% khuoa.

Le protheine ka bophara lebese. Ea mahloriso ea liprotheine ka lebese tlhako e ka ba ho fihlela ho 4%. lebese khuoa na le haholo-holo ka, alpha-casein. Ka lebese, ho bopa caseinate, k'halsiamo phosphate rarahaneng, e leng ho akarelletsa ho thehoe lipid spherules shell; thermostable α-lactalbumin, ho akarelletsa le biosynthesis ya tsoekere lebese (lactose) ho tswa monosaccharides le (galactose, tsoekere); β-lactoglobulin denatures ka mahareng se nke lehlakore (ph = 7) le futhumatsang ho 70 ° C.

Globulin lebese tšoauoa ka boima ba 'mele e phahameng ea limolek'hule (ho fihlela ho 1 Mill. YES), ka sebopeho sa bona molek'hule akarelletsa k'habohaedreite motsoako, ba bontša ho thepa ea enzyme (lipooksidaz). Bao e seng protheine naetrojene metsoako tse hlahisoang urea lebese le ka acid bonyane amino, makalana purine le creatine.

The k'habohaedreite hlophisoa lebese. Haholo-holo lik'habohaedreite hlahisa lebese lactose (karolelano 4,7%), monosaccharides (tsoekere e maling, galactose) le esters phosphoric tsa amino tsoekere monosaccharides. Ea mahloriso phahameng ka ho fetisisa ya lactose e ngolisitsoeng ka rhino lebese.

The lipid hlophisoa lebese. Sebopeho sa mafura lebese na le triacylglycerols, sterols, sterols, phospholipids le glycolipids. mahloriso bona ka lebese la liphoofolo tse itšetlehile ka lintho tse fapa-fapaneng (diabolololo, bakang, lijo, joalo-joalo). The litlhaka kahare lebese mafura a mangata stearic, palmitic, myristic le acid oleic.

Vithamine ho hlophisoa ha lebese. lebese khomo e na le chelete e lekaneng ka kirisi (A, D, E) 'me qhibilihang ka har'a (maq, B1, B2, C) divithamini. Ho eketsa ea mahloriso tsa divithamini ka lebese la liphoofolo tse fepa raznoobraznyme diphepelo tse ruileng divithamini ka lijo laolwa vithamine concentrates A, B, kapa E. lebese The le e na le ka mebala: carotenes, chlorophylls le lactoflavin, ho itšetlehile ka ea mahloriso ea bona 'mala oa lebese.

E mong oa haelloang teng ya lebese phofo ke hore ke ka toka thata ho hlaphoheloa boemong mokelikeli. sehlahisoa sena se hlahisitseng ka lilemo tse fetang 110, Leha ho le joalo, ea ho hlophisoa skeletal tsa lebese phofshoana e fapaneng ho tloha boemong ba lona ba tlhaho, e le hore lebese mokelikeli le lintho tse ngata e molemo haholoanyane.