Russia le linaheng tse ling liroki ea lekholo la bo18 la lilemo

The lingoliloeng haholo Russia e na le palo e khōlō ea mefutakwalo. E mong oa e thahasellisang ka ho fetisisa ho fetisisa le tse bonaletsang e lithothokiso. liroki tummeng ea lekholo la bo18 la lilemo ba ne ba le tšusumetso e matla ka ntshetsopeleng lona.

lithothokiso ke eng?

Ena ke mofuta o khethehileng oa bonono, e rarahaneng haholo le e litsobotsi li ngata. Ka lingoliloeng lefatše, lithothokiso na bohlokwa e khōlō. Ho tloha mehleng ea boholo-holo ho fihlela letsatsing joale e teng ka Makala a fapaneng tsa lintho tseo batho ba. Lekane ho hopola kamoo batho ba bina 'moho ka matsatsi a phomolo a nyakaletse songs, litemana tsa eo a bōpa liroki tsa lekholong la bo18 la lilemo, lekholong la bo19 le la bo20 la lilemo. Ka ntoa, mela e thothokisang le lipina tsa thoriso ngollana a tsosa moea ho rata naha ea masole a ileng a loanela ho ntat'a.

Mehleng e Bohareng e ne e khetheha e ratoang haholo ho bina serenades tlas'a mathule mafumahali ntle - tsela ena banna ba ipolela lerato maikutlo a bona. Russia le linaheng tse ling liroki tsa lekholong la lilemo la bo18 la lilemo (ho akarelletsa le Friedrich Schiller le Robert Burns) bōpa e tsoileng ho joalo monate hore hlaha ka mor'a lilemo tse makholo le feshene mokhoa bakeng sa borra babatsehang pheta lithothokiso ke o ratehang ho lipelo tsa bona mafumahali.

Thanks ho lithothokiso a ka fetisa maikutlo a, maikutlo le feto-fetoha, kamano ea lona ho liketsahalo tse haufi. Har'a mesebetsi e thothokisang totobatsa lithothokiso, tšoantšiso, bukeng ka lithothokiso. Kaofela ha tsona, ho fapana prose, li na le litsela tse fapaneng tsa ho hlophisa lipuo tsa bonono. Kajeno, ho sa tsotellehe ho fetola morethetho oa bophelo, litaele fapaneng le boikgethelo, lithothokiso e ntse e le motsoalle oa ba tšepahalang ba monna.

Nako ea ketsahalo e sa tsa lithothokiso ka Serussia

Russia lithothokiso hlaha lekholong la ea leshome le metso e supileng. Bua ka e tummeng liroki Russia, re lokela ho bolele lebitso la Simeona Polotskogo - seroki sa pele, Russia seroki le litsebi. O nang le thothokiso e tiileng, e leng e ka nepo nkoa e le mochine oa zanes ena. liroki Russia ea lekholo la bo18 la lilemo o ile a ithuta lintho tse ngata ho mesebetsi ea hae e thahasellisang ka ho fetisisa. Simeon tsa Polotsk, e le seroki se ka sehloohong sa nako ea hae, o ile a bōpa likoleke tse peli tsa syllabic temana ea. lokeloe mong le leholo la seroki ke hore o ile a tsebisoa Moscow le bonono tse khōlō, ngola tse tharo litšoantšiso ka moea oa liphiri mehleng e bohareng. litšoantšiso tsena li ne li ho bapaloa ka la borena.

Russia lithothokiso XVIII lekholong la lilemo la

liroki Russia ba lekholong la bo18 la lilemo o ile a sebelisa ka mesebetsi ea hae e syllabic versification. Kahoo ba ile ba tsoela pele ho lintho tsa motheo le lineano thehiloeng ke Simeone ba Polotsk. Ho tloha bohareng ba lekholo la sena, syllabic versification nkeloa sebaka ke temana ea syllabic-tonic. Bakeli tsa tsamaiso ea tse ncha thothokiso ne liroki tsebahalang ea lekholo la bo18 la lilemo: MV Lomonosov, Sumarokov AP le Trediakovskii vk O teng ka nako e sa mefutakwalo ba khetha e zanes a thoriso. Great Russia rasaense Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov ne ho se na le seroki tlase e hlollang. Hangata ka ho fetisisa mosebetsing oa hae, o ile a sebelisa ho pentameter. Ka maikutlo a hae, ho ke ke pentameter thothokiso a fa bokhabane khethehileng le seatla se bulehileng. O sisintsweng ho sebelisa mefuta eohle ea phetang ka lithothokiso.

Russia liroki ea lekholo la bo18 la lilemo. lethathamo

1. Aleksandr Nikolaevich Radischev.
2. Aleksey Andreevich Rzhevsky.
3. Aleksandr Petrovich Sumarokov.
4. Anna Petrovna Bunina.
5. Anna Sergeevna Zhukova.
6. Zhenya Andreevich Nartov.
7. Antioh Dmitrievich Kantemir.
8. Vasily Petrovich Petrov.
9. Vasily lipapakhaie.
10. Vasiliy Lvovich Pushkin.
11. Vasiliy Kirillovich Trediakovsky.
12. Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin.
13. Gabriel Petrovich Kamenev.
14. Ermil Ivanovich Kostrov.
15. Ivan Semonovich Barkov.
16. Ippolit Fodorovich Bogdanovich.
17. Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev.
18. Ivan Petrovich Pnin.
19. Ivan Ivanovich Chemnitzer.
20. Ivan Mihaylovich Dolgoruky.
21. Ivan Perfilevich Elagin.
22. Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov.
23. Mihail Ivanovich Popov.
24. Mihail Matveevich Heraskov.
25. Nikolay Nikitich Popovsky.
26. Nikolay Aleksandrovich Lvov.
27. Pavel Pavlovich ICOS.
28. Semon Sergeevich Bobrov.
29. Sergei Nikiforovich Marin.
30. Yakov Borisovich Knyazhnin.

Phapang e ka sehloohong pakeng tsa lithothokiso Russia ho tloha lekholong la bo18 la lilemo lingoliloeng Old Russia

Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin le 'ngoe polelo hatisa tlhaku e ntjha ya lingoliloeng, ea ntšitseng le bona liroki ea lekholo la bo18 la lilemo. Seo e ne e le phapang e khōlō ea lekholo la sena ho mekhahlelo pejana historing ea lingoliloeng? Pele ho tsohle, ka lingoliloeng tsa boholo-holo le sieo ka ho feletseng litokelo qalo. A palo e khōlō ea bangoli ba ne ba se nang lebitso. Ka hona ha ho e ne e le lingoliloeng se nang sebōpeho, e lekana le ho itshola feudal le kelo-hloko ea bolumeli. Tabeng ena, Old Russia lingoliloeng hopotsa litsomong, moo mongoli e ka boela ka qala sieo. E ne e le benghali ba le leholo la sekepe sa bona, empa ke sa baetsi ba litšoantšo ba nang le botho bo khanyang le ikhethang. Nakong ea Renaissance ka Bophirimela, khopolo ea botho. Ka nako ena ho na le lingoliloeng tse ncha, moo mongoli oa tsimolohong tla ho hlahella. Russia, khopolo ea motho ka mong o ile a hlaha hamorao haholo, ka le leholo le lilemo li Petrose. Liroki ea lekholo la bo18 la lilemo le mesebetsi ea bona e tšoaea ho qaleha ha nako e ncha. lingoliloeng Russia e ne e le ntshetsopeleng e matla le ka potlako. Ka lilemo tse 70 feela, ho na le tsoelo-pele e ka lingoliloeng, e leng linaheng tse ling o ile a hapa le makholo a lilemo.

Mehato ea pele ea lingoliloeng Russia ea mehleng ea kajeno

Rala motheo o tiileng bakeng sa lilemo tse leshome tse tse tharo feela tsa seroki sa.

Ka 1729, ho tloha pene ya AD Cantemir ho ile ha latela satire pele, e leng ile a bula ka kakaretso mokhoa ncha. Ka 1735 vk Trediakovskii beha morero oa ho bōpa e ikhethang lingoliloeng naha le lithothokiso etsa liphetoho. tsamaiso e khopo Syllabic-tonic sisintsweng ke seroki sa, bulela monyetla oa ho ntshetsopele ya lithothokiso Serussia. ea bohlokoa le bohlale, hammoho le monyetla o lekaneng oa ho netefatsa. Ho fihlela joale, tsamaiso ena e sebediswa ke baetsi ba litšoantšo mehleng ena.

Ka 1739 MV Lomonosov baka zanes "Ka ho kha Khotin", ho itšetleha ka ntshetswa pele liphetoho Trediakovskij.

Le leholo Russia seroki Mikhail Lomonosov bokgabane ba hae ka tsela e hlollang ea fetola ponahalo le tlhaku ea lingoliloeng, seabo sa eona 'me sebaka ka setso le a kahisano le bophelo ba naha. lingoliloeng tsa rōna o amohetse nepahetseng lona ho ba teng ka mefutakwalo sa thothokiso le "bua" le 'mali puo e ncha ka ho feletseng. E ile ea fihla ea liroki ea lekholo la bo18 la lilemo. Russia lithothokiso tsa baetsi ba litšoantšo tsena ba moholo hoo ka lithothokiso lekholong la lilemo la hapa boemong bo ka sehloohong. Ho leboha ho le atlehileng. lemohuoa prose hae hore ba tsoe ka 1760s le amohetse heyday lona ka 30s ea lekholo la bo19 la lilemo. Joale, ha ba ne ba phela 'me a bōpa pōpo ea bona ikhethang JOALOKAHA Pushkin le NV Ft gogol. Ka mor'a moo, prose nka sebaka sa eona sa pele ka lingoliloeng tseo.

bofello

Kahoo, liroki ea lekholo la bo18 la lilemo tlatsetsa haholo khōlong ea lithothokiso Serussia. Ba sebelisoa mesebetsing ea hae e syllabic versification. Kahoo ba ile ba tsoela pele ho lintho tsa motheo le lineano thehiloeng ke Simeone ba Polotsk. Bakeli ea tsamaiso e ncha e ne e le ka tsela ea thothokiso: AD Kantemir, MV Lomonosov, AP Sumarokov le vk Trediakovskii. Thanks ho bona, lithothokiso tsa lekholong la lilemo la e hapa boemong bo ka sehloohong. Lithothokiso ke liroki Russia ea la bo18 la lilemo lekholong la lilemo la e moholo. Ba hlōtse lipelo tsa babali ba bangata ba.