Lithaba tsa Austria: mabitso, bolelele. Geography ea Austria

Karolo e lithaba ea Austria e ntle haholo. E khetholloa ke bongata ba metsi a hloekileng a hloekileng, ha bo amehe feela ka maqhoa-hloko le linōka, empa hape le maoatleng a mangata a maholo a lithaba.

Ka naha ena e ntle haholo, ka lithaba tsa Austria, seo e leng se tsotehang, u ka tseba ka ho bala sehlooho sena.

Austria, ho na le libaka tse ngata tse tsotehang, tse tsotehang ka botle ba eona bo ke keng ba lekanngoa. Haholo-holo e ameha ka lithaba tsa eona tse ngata. Ka tlase u tla bona tse hlollang ka ho fetisisa litlhōrōng tse hohelang tlhokomelo ea bahahlauli ba bangata le baeti ba tsoang libakeng tsohle tsa lefats'e.

Nakoana ka Austria

Pele re ithuta lebitso la lithaba tsa Austria, re tla fumana likarolo tsa tsona tse khethehileng, re tla tšohla tlhahisoleseding mabapi le sebaka se akaretsang sa naha ena.

Austria e Europe Bohareng. Sebaka sa eona ke limithara tse 83 859 metres. Km, ho akarelletsa le matloana a tlhaho a lulang sebakeng se ka bang 1 120 li-square meters. Km, le lithaba - hoo e batlang e le karolo ea 70 lekholong ea tšimo.

E arola Austria le Switzerland le Liechtenstein karolong e ka bophirimela; Ka leboea le Jeremane le Republic ea Czech; Ka bochabela le Hungary le Slovakia; Ka boroa le Italy le Slovenia. Bolelele ba moeli ke lik'hilomithara tse 2,563.

Libaka tse hlollang tsa tlhaho tsa Austria li khahla bahahlauli le baeti. Hape ke karolo ea bohlokoa tabeng ena papali, eo e leng eona thaba e phahameng ka ho fetisisa Austria e bitsoa Grossglockner (bophahamo ba eona ke limithara tse 3 798 ka holim'a leoatle).

Ka ho qaqileng, re tla hlalosa lintlha tse ling tse ikhethang ka ho fetisisa.

Lithaba tsa Austria: tlhahisoleseding e akaretsang

Ho ea ka 'mapa, o etsoang motheong oa setšoantšo sa sathalase, karolo ea bone ea sebaka sa mmuso e na le lithōle tse nyenyane tsa mapheo a Eastern Alps, tse kopantsoeng le liketane tsa sublatitudinal. Sebaka sa lithabeng se pota-potiloe ke liphallelo tsa mofuta oa thaba oa thaba o bophirimela ho ea bophahamong ba limithara tse 3 500 (Grossglockner - 3798 m), 'me ka bochabela e nyenyane ho fihlela ho-limithara tse 2400. Moeli oa sekoahelo sa lehloa ka karolelano o fumaneha bophahamong ba limithara tse 2800.

Litlhōrō tse ling tsa Austria li na le li-glaciers (mohlala, Pasternz, eo bolelele ba eona e leng kakaretso ea 9 km). Liketane tse ka boroa le tse ka leboea tsa axial tsa Eastern Alps li pota-potiloe ke litoropo tse tlaase, tse khetholloang ke marapo a maholo a matsoapo, ho qhaqhoa le nts'etsopele e matla ea karsts. Ka leboea haufi le lihlekehlekeng tsa Alps, lihlekehleke tse nyenyane tsa fofa li hlōla ka thōko ho pota-pota.

Motseng oa Austria, lithabeng tsa Bochabela bo Hare li khetholloa haholo ke liphula tse khōlō (linōka tsa Enns, Saltskh, Inn, joalo-joalo), 'me lithaba tse ka bochabela li emeloa ke libotlolo (Klagenfurt, Graz, joalo-joalo).

Karolong e ka bochabela ea tšimo ea mmuso ho na le thota ea majoe a Styrian-Burgenland (karolo ea thota ea Sredne Dunaiskaya), o theohela setsing sa Vienna. Likarolong tse karolong e ka leboea le ka bochabela ke libaka tse tlaase tsa Waldviertel, Murphyertel, Weinfirtel, le tse ling. Pakeng tsa bona le lithabeng tse ka bochabela tsa Alps ho na le moqhaka o teteaneng o nang le likaroloana tsa matlo a Danube.

Peta le thabeng Gerlospass

Lithaba tsa Austria li hlolla ka ho fetisisa, empa e 'ngoe ea lintho tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa Salzburg ke Gerlospass. Ho tloha bophahamong ba thaba e khōlō (limithara tse 1500) ho fana ka pono e hlollang ea paki ea sechaba ea motse.

Ena ke sebaka se setle sa ho phomola. Mona o ka etela reschorente e nyenyane e monate. 'Me u ka lula ho eona hantle, u kopanya lijo le kakaretso ea libaka tse ntle tsa Australia. O ka sebelisa koloi ea motlakase, e hahiloeng ka 2010.

Har'a baahi libakeng tsena, ho tsamaea haufi le libaka tsa libaesekele ho tumme haholo. Ka mor'a ho tsamaea thabeng - molemong o moholo oa moea o hloekileng le mofuta oa koetliso (teko ea mamello).

Mount Kapuzinerberg

Lithaba tsa Austria li na le linnete tse ngata tse thahasellisang tsa histori. Ntho e fapaneng ha e fanoe ke vertex e fanoeng. E nyolohela ho limithara tse 640 ka holim'a leoatle 'me e le lebōpong le ka bochabela ho nōka. Salzach. Ntle le thaba ke Musiamo oa Salzburg.

Ho phaella moo, tlhōrōng ea leralla ke Monastery oa K'hatholike oa Order ea Capuchins, e hahiloeng lilemong tsa XVI-XVII lilaong tsa Wolf Dietrich von Reitenau (mobishopo). E ntse e sebetsa.

Ho etela bahahlauli, kereke ea baitlami ke eona feela e bulehileng, moo litšebeletso li tšoareloang teng kamehla. Hoa hlokomeleha hore baitlami ba ile ba tloha ntlong ea baitlami feela ka 1938 ka litaelo tsa A. Hitler, ea neng a batla ho haha lebaleng la lipapali sebakeng sena, empa merero ea hae ha ea ka ea e-ba teng. Ho tloha ka 1945, bophelo ba ntlo ea baitlami bo phalletse ka mocha o tloaelehileng.

Holima leralleng la Kapuzinerberg ho na le libaka tse ling tsa histori tse thahasellisang haholo: lerako la qhobosheane (joale le na le reschorente); Ntlo eo Stefan Zweig a neng a lula ho eona lilemong tsa bo-1930, joalo-joalo.

Mönchsberg

Mönchsberg, joaloka lithaba tse ling tsa Austria, e na le bolelele ba limithara tse 540. Ena ke e 'ngoe ea litlhōrō tse 5 tse Salzburg. E arola karolo ea kajeno ea motse ho tloha khale (lebōpo le letšehali la Nōka ea Saltsah).

Thaba e koahetsoe ke meru ka lehlakoreng le leng, ka lehlakoreng le leng e leketlile ka lehlakoreng la eona le majoe holim'a tsela ka boeona. Ena ke e 'ngoe ea libaka tse tummeng haholo bakeng sa ho tsamaea har'a batho ba toropo, ha ho ntse ho khoneha ho hloa motho leha e le ofe (setsi se sebetsa). E fana ka pono e tsotehang ea motse. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore kotopo eo, e ileng ea hlajoa lefikeng ho fihlela ka 1767, ke e mong oa khale ka ho fetisisa Europe.

'Me ho Mönchsberg ho na le mehaho e' maloa e thahasellisang: ntloana e nyenyane Johanneschoss (karolo ea ntlo ea baitlami ea lekholo la XIV); Ntlo e nyane ea Shelf Shelf (Mehleng e Bohareng ho ne ho e-na le matlo, moo hona joale e leng setsi sa koetliso); Schloss Menchstein (e neng e le mohaho oa Univesithi ea Salzburg, hona joale hotele); Museum of Modern Art (mosebetsing ho tloha ka 2004). Ka lebaka la botle ba tlhaho feela, empa hape le libaka tse tšoanang tsa histori, Austria e hohella tlhokomelo.

Thaba Großglockner

E phahameng ka ho fetisisa Austria ke Großglockner, thaba e nyolohang ho limithara tse 3,798 ka holim'a leoatle. Leoatle le teng pakeng tsa Tyrol le Carinthia. Leoto la eona ke la Pasternse e kholo ka ho fetisisa, e leng bolelele ba lik'hilomithara tse 9.

Sebaka sena se setle ka tsela e babatsehang ke Großglockner Hochalpenstrasse ea tsela e makatsang. E ile ea buloa ka 1935. Ho tloha ka nako eo, thaba e phahameng ka ho fetisisa Austria e fumaneha ho bahahlauli ba bangata ba batlang ho e etela.

Ho labalabela ho tseba ka eena le histori ea kaho.

Mathata a moruo ka mor'a Ntoa ea Pele ea Lefatše le ho eketseha ha likhohlano tsa sechaba ho ile ha lebisa timetso ea 'Muso oa Austria le Hungary. Austria ka nako eo e ile ea lahleheloa ke Czech Republic, Hungary, Bosnia le Herzegovina, Slovenia joalo-joalo. Phello e bile khaello ea theko, tahlehelo ea limmaraka tsa machaba, ho theoha ha kotara ea tlhahiso.

Joale, tsela e phahameng ea litsela e ne e entsoe, e neng e lokela ho fana ka mesebetsi ho batho ba bangata ba sa sebetseng le ho netefatsa hore chelete ea naha e tsoa ho eona.

Hanyane hanyenyane ka limela

Austria, lithaba, Alps ha li arohane. Lihlekehleke tsa Alps li nkoa e le sebaka sa meru.

Phello ea maemo a sa tloaelehang a tlhaho mme ho e-na le liphetoho tse kholo tsa maemo ana tlasa tšusumetso ea motho ke kajeno limela tsa variegated tse makatsang tsa libaka tsena. Haholo-holo lebanta le tlaase (ho fihlela lik'hilomithara tse ka bang 1 000) le fapane ka ho fetisisa lefats'eng la semela le moeeng oa lona. Maemo a karolo ena ea Alps a haufi le maemo a lithota haufi le eona. Karolo e ka boroa e tlas'a tšusumetso ea Mediterranean, moo ho nang le mefuta e mengata ea limela.

Karolo e ka bophirimela e kenyeletsa meru ea lifate tsa oak, li-beech le li-chestnut (marulelong), karolo e karolong e karolong e karolong e ka leboea e kenyelletsa meru e tsoakiloeng mobung oa podzolic, 'me karolo e ka bochabela e emela moru oa meru. Ena ke lebanta le tlaase le nang le baahi ka ho fetisisa, le fetotse sekoahelo sa lona sa limela, se bitsoang lebanta la litloaelo tsa Alps.

Qetello

Lebitso la lithaba tsa Austria ke lebitso le tummeng la histori. E mong le e mong oa bona o amahanngoa le liketsahalo tse khethehileng tsa histori kapa mabitso a tummeng.

Lihlekehleke tsa Alps tsa Austria li ntle ka ho fetisisa tse nang le lipalesa tse ntle tsa lipalesa, meru e tala le maqhoa a leputsoa le lehloa. Likhoeling tse chesang ka ho fetisisa tsa lehlabula, haholo-holo ho qhibiliha kapele ha linoha tsa lithaba ho qala mona, e leng se etsang hore ho be le likhohola tse khōlō. Ka lebaka la bona ho Danube, metsi a mangata ka linako tse ling a nyolohela ho limithara tse 8-9.