Industrial flotators bakeng sa tlhoekiso ea metsi litšila: mefuta e sa sesebediswa, molao-motheo oa ho sebetsa

Kajeno, litaba tsa tikoloho tse tafoleng hlooho ka hoo e ka bang mong le e mong libokeng tsa mebuso ea lefatše. Ho na lekunutu hore tikoloho fetohileng bolumeli bo bocha ba lekholo la bo21 la lilemo. Ka 2017 o ile a re ho Selemo se la ho sireletsa tikoloho e Russia, 'me ka hona thuto tikoloho - e mong oa mesebetsi bakeng sa selemong sena.

Ke hobane'ng ha ke lokela ho hloekisa metsi?

Tsa setokong kakaretso ea Leoatleng la World, feela 3% - ke metsi a hloekileng, e leng 68% - e ke glaciers (se a loketse bakeng sa ho noa), 30% - mehloli sekhukhu (tseo hangata ho tloha mobu silafetseng) le 2 feela% - e fatše mehloli ea metsi. Tswa setshwantsho ea lefatše lohle ea lefatše ho hlakile hore ho fumaneha ha metsi a hloekileng - hase feela ntho e hlokahalang, empa ka linako tse ling e le mabothobothong.

Matlakala metsi generated nakong mesebetsi moruo tsa likhoebo, na e khōlō palo ya contaminants ka concentrations feteng sa lumelloa le melawana. Ka tloaelo ho, e ke sa tšepe e boima (tšepe, nikele, koporo, loto, mercury, cadmium, joalo-joalo)., Oli matsoai, emisitswe butle, aluminium, surfactants maiketsetso (a maiketsetso a surfactants, bakeng sa bao e seng baruti ke sohle seo foams). Tsena dintho kena matangoana, senya ea ka tšebetso tloaelehileng ea biogeocoenoses tsa metsing, chefo mobu, qholotsa kgolo ya putsoa-tala dimelametsing, ke nang le chefo e ho liphoofolo. contaminants tsena le tsona ke nang le chefo e ho batho.

Ba lintho tseo batho ba moruo meaho bolulo foleteng 'me matlo a poraefete hape hlahisa ngata ea kgotlelo. Ka kakaretso, tsena surfactants le manyolo litšila, empa oela kgelelo ya leswe le tšepe letsoai.

ke protheine skimmer bakeng sa kalafo metsi a likhoerekhoere eng?

Skimmer - mochine bakeng sa ho tlosa litšila tse molemo tse tsoang mokhoa metsi physico-lik'hemik'hale. Batlang e le bua, mochine o mong oa sebetsa dimojule sehloohong bonono le kalafo metsi a likhoerekhoere theknoloji e sa. Ho nka sebaka ka skimmer seperation o ka sehloohong oa solutes le kalafo metsi ho fihlela ho litsupa e tloaelehileng.

Industrial flotators ka ne a rerile hore dimela kgolo, 'me bakeng sa koloi, tšoaneng ka boholo le ka lintho tse bonahalang.

Sepheo se seholo ke ho abelwang karolo ya ea skimmer le ba theohe ho tloha metsi qhibiliha ho eona ho kgotlelo fetola bona hore e be mofuta o insoluble. Ka sethusathuto le, moea o fuoa ho ntlafatsa ho hloekisa e le hantle.

Molao-motheo o sebetsang oa skimmer ka kalafo metsi a likhoerekhoere

Molao-motheo oa tshebetso e thehiloe skimmer ho a lokela ho hloekisoa e fetisitswe ka mahareng tsa bubble moea ka morero oa ho bubble sebopeho. bubble ena e bitsoa flotoshlam, e tlosoa 'me ka abeloa ho sesebediswa khethehileng dewatering. Ho woman take bubble hapa 'me ba isoa hōle le ho silafatsoa ka, go tlaleletsa pele ya dintho khethehileng - coagulants le flocculants. thepa tsena na phahameng adhesiveness, i.e. ba thusa contaminants ho agglomerate le mong ho e mong le ho le bubble moea, eaba ba etsa seo ho thoeng ke flocculi.

Vial, ea fetang ho tswa ho nozzle kapa nozzle holimo aba sethusathuto, utloisisa le contaminants theipi. tšebetso e joalo e etsoang ka nako e telele e le metsi a ha e fihle hlokahalang ho hloekisa e le hantle.

rarahana ha tshebetso e ho ka tsela e nepahetseng fetola lethal dose ya coagulant le flocculant e le hore matla a mamarello ne phahameng ka ho lekaneng bakeng sa mamarello a woman take bubble, empa flakes sephetho le e ne e se boima haholo, kahoo ba se ke ba senya moea woman take bubble.

A oa potoloho se se akaretsang sa skimmer bakeng sa kalafo metsi a likhoerekhoere

Technology, a nka skimmer e le ho e lokisa ka sehloohong unit trust kamehla akarelletsa dimela lik'hemik'hale le sethusathuto ho bōpa bubble moea. Reagent ke tanka ea polasi ke sa le reagents (coagulants, flocculants, a alkali ho fetola ph) le melena bakeng sa ho kopanya le reagent ka metsi.

Jwalo ka sesebediswa sa ho generating bubble moea ka kakaretso sebediswa saturator emelang moea tsoaka kamoreng ka metsi ho bopa motsoako metsi-moea. Ho ekelletsa moo, motsoako ona e ne e le napravlyayuetsya ka skimmer. sesebediswa carbonation e hlomelloa le pompo e matla bakeng sa ho tebelwa mosebetsing moea.

Skimmer ho mohla e sebelisoang feela, kamehla e kenyelelitsoe kakaretso tlhoekiso ea metsi sekemeng. Complete oa potoloho hangata e na le ka selelekela sedimentation sethaleng, 'meleng-lik'hemik'hale kalafo (kapa skimmer Coagulator) le morago ga moo e phetha molao ho hloekisa ka filter e.

Ka mantsoe a mang, ho skimmer sitoa ho fana ka tlhoekiso tsohle, ena ke feela noute le 'ngoe, tse hlokang preprocessing le poso. Kenang skimmer lehlabathe kapa litšila tse ling mahoashe lebisa sesebediswa hloleha. Hape, sesebediswa sena ke ke fana ka disinfection le ho phethahetseng ho hloekisa ea lihlahisoa tsa oli e tala. Ka lebaka leo, ka mor'a hore ho hlokahala UV tlhomamiso le sorption (kapa ho phetha molao feela) filter.

temperaturdiagramm tlhohlomiso e thehiloe tshebetso flotation. Flotation - ena kalafo metsi a likhoerekhoere bubble tsa moea e le hore u ka ntšang dintho qhibilihang ka har'a 'me emulsified. Metsi a fuoa ho sebetsa ka sehloohong unit trust. Ho boetse ho ka khatello ea (kapa depressurized) mokgwa wa pele lokisetsa reagent fuoa ka melena ena. Hape ho flotator bubble moea li fepa ka tsela sesebediswa carbonation. Ka skimmer bakeng sa tlhoekiso ea metsi le hlaha kalafo metsi a likhoerekhoere reagents le bubble moea, e phophoma le hlaha haholo-holo ka sebopeho sa flocculation flotoshlama. Flotoshlam supernatant e tlosoa holim metsi ke eyelet conveyor ka ladica i catcher.

sludge Sena ke manganga haholo ho kolevaniyam phetha molao, leha ho le joalo le holim'a e etsahalang ka hloko ka hore ba se ke ho senya bubble.

sesebediswa skimmer

Skimmer - e setshelo bulehileng tsa tšepe kapa tsa polasetiki, e nkile le mochine eyelet ho bokella flotoshlama le ho ba le ka tlase conical. Skimmer bolela ho ba teng ha ka metsi-moea nozzle ho fa motsoako oa saturator, le ho reset qomatsi li fella flotoshlama bakeng sa fa metsi litšila le ho tebelwa mosebetsing ea metsi a hloekisa. Kenya ho skimmer, hangata teng setšeng sa tšebeletso bakeng sa boiketlo.

mefuta flotators

Flotators metsi a likhoerekhoere kalafo fapana ho latela kamoo metsi e ba phelelang ho le bubble le sebopeho sa woman take bubble. The mekhoa atileng ka ho fetisisa li akarelletsa ho phetha molao feela, pressurized le electroflotation. Pressurized flotation bolela carbonation kamoreng le pompa sehlopha. Ntle ho moo, ka mokhoa ona sebelisoa hangata reagents. Electroflotation ha hloka dimela lik'hemik'hale le saturator, joalokaha e thehiloe ho shoa hoa tsa li-electrode ka metsing.

phetha molao flotation

Mechanical (kapa impeller) mixer presupposes hore ka e phahameng lebelo ho soahlamana ka bubble metsi. mofuta ona wa kalafo metsi bakeng sa metsi le tsekamelo ea ho phophomang le likhase tse ba phelelang. Ka mokhoa phetha molao, e reactants sitoa ho sebelisoa, ho tloha loebehlanang bōpiloe ke stirrer e feela arola flakes contaminants. Ka nako eo, ho phetha molao feela flotation ha tloaelehileng, kaha ke ka seoelo e fana ka a lekaneng ho hloekisa e le hantle.

Ka tloaelo ho, karolo ena e kenyeletsa flotators tlhoekiso bakeng sa tlhoekiso ea metsi litšila ho tswa oli e tala.

khatello ea flotation

Tabeng ena flotators kalafo metsi a likhoerekhoere sesebediswa hlomelloa carbonation reagent le moruo. Saturator ke kamore eo moea ente tlas'a khatello e ka holimo ea sepakapaka. Mahareng lokiseditsweng ho saturator ea bitsoang motsoako air-metsi. Sena ke mofuta o tloaelehileng haholo oa flotation 'me hangata ho feta sebediswa. Tsela tlhoekiso le hlaha ka pretreatment reagent (coagulant kapa flocculant) le morago ga moo e khatello ea motsoako kalafo metsi. E mong le e ome mathe khase o khomaretse tšilafalo ka boeona, kaha e na le e kholo khahloa lebotho la ka lebaka la mohato Moeli o (air-metsi). ho lokisetsa pele sa metsi ntlafatsa ho hloekisa reagent, hobane e baka floccules (micelles), eo le bona ba na le matla a itseng tsa khahloa. The bongata ba metsi e tlosoa ka ho hloekisoa metsi phala ho ka ho eketsehileng hloekisa kapa reset. Ka holim'a mochine o khethehileng eyelet tlosa flotoshlam - tšilafalo, akhotsoang le bubble moea ho ea holimo ka foromo khobokellane.

Ka ba molemo o ka sehloohong oa khatello ea flotation ke e mengata e fapaneng dikopo. The go tlhoka mesola ya ho ba teng ha disebedisweng tse eketsehileng kenyeletsa (taolo ya reagent, carbonator lipompo), eo nka sebaka le hloka ho km gana (mohlala, tlhopho ya reactants lethal dose). Boikemisetso ba reagent palo phetha karolo e khōlō ka lethal dose tlaase o tla etella pele ho lekaneng tlhoekiso (sa tsohle tse nyenyane qhibiliha likaroloana kopanya palokakaretso), le lethal dose kgolo ka 'na lebisa ho ha e le hantle hore bubble le ke ke mamella boima ba flakes le degrade, hape sephetho le ka phokotso ea e le hantle ho hloekisa.

Elektroflotator

mofuta ona wa flotators kalafo metsi a likhoerekhoere fapane brevity le boiketlo tsa tšebeliso. mokhoa li entsoe ka mokelikeli electrolysis ho hloekisa le likhase karohano ho tloha li-electrode ho. Nakong ea tshebetso electrolysis le hlaha skimmer: tanned hydrogen ka cathode eo, anode - oksijene. Ha u sebelisa li-electrode qhibilihang ka har'a (mohlala aluminium kapa tšepe) ka ho eketsehileng metsi e ba phelelang ho ions tšepe le boemo bo phahameng ho kena moea hore o phetha karolo e phethoang ke reactants ho bopa tšilafalo flakes. Mokhoa ona o thusa ho itšehla le ho lema kgotlelo le ho feta a tsoa ka metsing. Ho tloha skimmer sebaka ha se seholo, maemong a joalo ho na le e ntle ea khomarelang flakes le moea pozyrkov hore e fana ka oona ho hloekiseng phahameng ka ho fetisisa e le hantle.

Ka ba molemo ho se seholo sa sesebediswa jwalo ke lebaka la ho hloka ea lik'hemik'hale ea limela le lisebelisoa tse ling bulky le lengolo la phahameng tsa tlhoekiso ea metsi. The go tlhoka mesola ke noang phahameng matla le hore ho hlokahala hore thepa ea eona ea ho tlosa hydrogen.

nozzle flotation

Tabeng ena, ho sebelisa nozzles khethehileng ho hlahisa moea metsi sebetsa e fuoa mochine flotation, ho na le e partitioned ka motsoako le biphasic. Ka ba molemo ho mokhoa ona ka tlaase qhoaele ea likarolo ho hlongoa 'me ka hona bophelo bo sa tšebeletso sa.

dimela lik'hemik'hale

Ka ba bang ba mekhoa, tse latelang flotation reagents sebediswa ho ntlafatsa tlhoekiso e le hantle:

• mahlahana a ho fetola ph - e acid e le a alkali di a phaella ka metsing ho netefatsa maemo a sebetsa ho tloaelehile coagulant le flocculant;
• coagulants - reagents e ntšetsang pele flocculation le ke tšepe le aluminium matsoai;
• flocculants - reagents eo hlahisa kholoanyane le tsitsitseng haholoanyane flakes (floccules) le emela polyacrylamide komponeng.

The bozangi litomba o ka sehloohong oa ho ba teng ha reagent mokhoa kalafo metsi ke tlhokahalo ea ho ba teng ha basebetsi, hammoho le libakeng tse e lokela ho abelwang karolo ya sejana se le reactors. Ho boetse ke habohlokoa ho khetha lethal dose nepahetseng ea reagents, e leng khoneha empirically feela.