SeEstonia baahi le ea morabe sebopeho

Profinseng ea depopulation Estonia ke kotara la lilemo. Ba bang ba demographers noha pheliso e feletseng ea naha ka lilemo tse lekholo: e mong le e moloko oa Estonians sparse fetang ea pejana, sena se tla tsoela pele. Sena boemo-nyatsa, ke sa khone ho hlasimolla kenela dipalopalo babapatsi ea selemo. The dipharologanyo ntle, empa ka a bale litsenyehelo ea basebetsi. Leha ba boholong ba a tiisetsa European Union ka ho amohela baeti lona, empa setjhabeng SeEstonia batla ho hōla ka a bale litsenyehelo ea batho ba matsoalloa le se haholo-holo thabela tšubuhlellano ea basele. Estonians baa hlokomela tsa baahelani ba - Latvians le Lithuanians, eo linomoro li fokotsehile, haholo.

Baltic babapatsi maqakabetsi

palo ea baahi ba Lithuania, Latvia le Estonia o ile a qala ho fokotseha le Soviet Union. A ho qetela lilemo tse mashome a mabeli a metso e mehlano ea ho ba le sebaka e tšoanang ea European Union ba ne ba sa kenya letsoho hore ho be le kholo ea palo ea baahi.

baahi Estonia ka 1991 o ne a fokotswa ke lesometlhano diphesente, Latvia - ea Mashome a Mabeli a metso e tšeletseng ba etsang liphesente tse, Lithuania - mashome a mabeli-tharo diphesente:

• Estonia, 1991 - 1561 milione / 2016 - milione 1316;
• Latvia, 1991. - 2658 milione / 2016 - 1900 milione;
• Lithuania, 1991. - 3700 milione / 2016 - milione 2800.

Ho utloisisa kamoo ho na le ke babapatsi mosing, o lokela ho nahana ka mehato e 'meli: ke phaello tlhaho kapa ho lahleheloa ke baahi seo, ke hore,, karo-karolelano ea tsoalo le ho bolaea batho ba, hammoho le boemo ba ho falla.

Tsena litšoantšo tsa Latvia, Lithuania le Estonia li mpe ka lilemo tse ngata. Ho bolaea ho feta tse hlaha, 'me palo ea ba tlohetse ba bang ba bangata ba kena ka har'a naha.

The fokotseha tlhaho le ho falla ka Baltic States

Bakeng sa lekholong la lilemo la kotara, se ile sa etsa demographers dipalopalo bontšang ho fokotseha ha baahi ba ka lebaka la ho bakang likoluoa tsa tlhaho 'me ka lebaka la ho tsoa ba tsoang linaheng tsa Baltic. Baahi ba Estonia e fokotseha ka lebaka la ho bakang likoluoa tsa tlhaho mashome a robong tse sekete, ka lebaka la ho falla ha - banna lekholo lesometlhano sekete. baahi Latvia o fokotseha ka ho batho ba ka bang makholo a supileng tse sekete, batho ba fetang halofo ba ne ba baahi ba falla. Lithuania e lahlehetsoe ke kotara ea lekholo leo, batho ba mashome a robeli-e meraro lekholo tse sekete ka lebaka la ho bakang likoluoa tsa tlhaho, le ka lebaka la ho falla - the fokotseha ea banna ba makholo a tšeletseng le mashome a supileng tse sekete.

Mabaka a fokotsa baahi ba Estonia

Estonia, ba atisa ho bona mabaka a bakeng sa depopulation hase ka likarolo tse moruo le lipolotiki, le ka bohlokoa. Teba tsoalo oela bosiung ea lekholo la mashome a mabeli, 'me morao tjena ho ne ho ke ke ha khoneha ho eketsa phela. Lebaka le leng le, ho ea ka litsebi, e itšetlehile ka Soviet Union. Falla phallang ba ntse ba eketseha, ho hōla ho phetha molao feela e ne e le tse khothatsang. Leha ho le joalo, ke ka 1991, o ne a falletse Estonia ka forties le mashome a mahlano ba ile ba qala ho tsofala, 'me ba ba shoa, ea e-ba tse ngata tsa ba neng ba khona ho beleha.

Sekhahla tsoalo e fokotseha ho feta le ka lebaka la maikutlo a ho fetola ba lilemong tsa ho ba ha ho nako ea ho ba batsoali. Nakong e fetileng, basali tsoala le lilemo li mashome a mabeli a metso e 'meli, ho ba bo-'mè kajeno ha ba potlaka, tsoalo ea ngoana ea pele e chechisetsoang morao. bacha batla ho ba oa pele ka maoto a lōna, reka ntlo, koloi.

Baahi ba Estonia ka lilemo tse

Natural keketseho ea, ba ntse ba eketseha ka kakaretso ka baahi le ho falla kgolo ya ka Estonia ba qalang ho ea ka ntho e mpe ho tloha ka 1991,. dipharologanyo ea baahi ba baahi ba Estonia:

• 1980 - 1.472.190 batho;
• Bo-1990 - 1.570.599 batho;
• 1995 - 1.448.075 batho;
• 2000 - 1.372.710 batho; kgolo ya tsa tlhaho - -5 336 palo yohle kgolo ya - -7 116 falla - 1 830;
• 2013 - 1.320.174 batho; kgolo ya tsa tlhaho - ho tloswa 1 713 palo yohle kgolo ya - -5 043 falla - 3 300;

Ka 2016, ho hlahile batho ba fetang leshome le metso e mene tse sekete Estonia, o ile a hlokahala - lesometlhano le halofo tse sekete. Natural keketseho e - ho tloswa lekholo lesometlhano, dithulaganyo falla - batho ba fetang likete tse peli.

Ho fetola sebopeho merabe ea Estonia

Merabe hlophisoa Estonia ka lilemo tse mashome a mararo e fetohile. Empa ha haholo. Hlahloba se baahi ba Estonia, ba fumane boitsebiso bo latelang:

• 1989 Estonians:. 61,5%, 30,3% Serussia, Seukraine 3.1, 1,8 Belarusians Finns 1,1;
• 2011 Estonians: 68,7%, 24,8% Serussia, Seukraine 1,7%, 1,0 Belarusians Finns tse 0.6%;.
• 2016 g,:. Estonians 69%, 25% Serussia, Seukraine 1,7%, Byelorussians 1%, tse 0.6% Finns.

Russia hangata phela motse-moholo oa Estonia - Tallinn. Ka ho fetisisa "Russia" motse o Estonia - Narva, moo etsang liphesente tse mashome a robong e supileng ke ba sechaba sefe Serussia.

motse SeEstonia ya ka dipehelo tsa baahi

Lethathamo la metse e ke baahi leba Tallinn - bana di le 440 702 motho. Joale u ka etsa ka holimo tse leshome libakeng tse ngata lieu ea rephabliki (motho):

1. Tartu - 97.322.
2. Narva - 58.375.
3. Pärnu - 39 784.
4. Kastla-Jarve - 36 662
5. Viljandi - 17.549.
6. Maardu - 17.141.
7. Rakvere - 15.303.
8. Sillamae - 13.964.
9. Kuressaare - 13.000.
10. Johvi - 12.567.

Ka tlase ho kakaretso ea baahi Püssi, e nyenyane holim'a batho ba sekete; ka Kallaste le Mõisaküla - bakeng sa batho ba robeli.

Kamoo ho falla ama Estonia Demography

Mechanical keketseho e isang ea fokotseha ka demography. Nakong Union, merabe e mengata e tla Estonia, hobane mona o ne a bōpiloe ke Lefapha la Litaba Tsa Naha Esele, eo ka eona Bajuda, Majeremane merabe le Finns ka siea naha ea habo bona ea bohlokoa historing.

Ho feta moo, baahi ba Estonia e ne e fallisetseng haholo. Ka mohlala, ka mor'a hore Soviet Union e oa, batho ba bangata ha ba sa batle ho lula 'me a setse ka har'a naha. Tota emigration. Empa ka mor'a hore 2011 e ile a qala tshebetso khutlisetsang.

Kajeno, palo ea baahi SeEstonia o tsoela pele ho fokotseha le botsofali. Lefapha la Lipalo-palo li fana dipalelo latelang: kotara ea lekholo, palo ea baahi ba fokotseha ke batho ba 200 ba sekete, ke 2040 palo ea baahi ba tla oa ka e mong 10%.

phalliso Balts

Bakeng sa bothata Baltic ke taba e tebileng ho leetong ea baahi ba linaheng tse ling. Le halofo ea setseng Latvia, Lithuania le Estonia - na le batho ba pakeng tsa lilemo tse 18 le 30, 70% - baahi tloha ka ba lilemo metso e mene ho mashome a mane.

Latvia le Lithuania, ba bangata ba ile ba fallela ho ea UK le Scandinavia. E nyenyane palo ya emigrating ho United States, Russia le Canada. Estonians haholo kgethile Finland.

E le ea ka lebelo ea baahi fokotseha Latvia le Lithuania ke har'a baeta-pele ba Europe. Ka 2016 Latvia e setseng 8 000 batho ba fetang ba ile ba fihla. Lithuania - ka batho ba 30 000.

Refract hloname tšekamelo e ne e feela Estonia. Naha e qala ka kgolo ya lieha baahi ka lebaka la ho falla. Bakeng sa 2015-2016 biennium. Estonia e siea batho ba 19.000, empa morao kapa tlang ho phela 24.500.

Le boemong bo moo lebeletsoe keketseho ea ho tloswa baahi, ha ho letho le o hlola ka ho Balts e eketseha baahi ka leano motle ea sechaba bakeng sa fallang. Lithuania, ho etsa mohlala, e fana ka tsela e bonolo ka ho fetisisa ho fumana sebaka sa bolulo phemiti ho EU le sekhahla tlaase lekhetho bakeng sa bagwebi. baithuti ling Estonia e ka lula le phela naheng eo ka mor'a ho fumana mangolo.

Empa le phello e khōloanyane linaheng tsa Baltic e lebeletsoe ea mehato ikemiseditse ho eketsa sekhahla tsoalo.

Ngoana Support Estonia, Latvia le Lithuania

Estonia, Latvia le Lithuania, hlophisa mahala tsa mosebetsi o boima tsa taolo ya lipetlele tsa sechaba, hammoho le mokete oa ho ngaka, liteko le ultrasounds. Empa mang kapa mang a ka lefa matšeliso eketsehileng:

• poraefete kamoreng - ho tloha 50 ho ea ho 80 € ka letsatsi;
• le monyetla oa ho khetha e itseng ngaka - ho tloha 400 ho 600 €;
• mokgwathupelo motho ho pelehi - ho tloha 50 ho fihlela ho 1000 €.

Ka nako ea ha a siee bakeng sa tlhokomelo ea ngoana ka Estonia ke lilemo tse tharo, ka Lithuania - lilemo tse peli Latvia - lilemo tse 'ngoe le halofo.

Batsoali ba ikutloa ka tsela e fapaneng ka ho tlisa melemo e itseng mong le e mong naha.

A hlama chelete tefo ka ho tsoaloa ha ngoana ka Lithuania feta € 400; tefello ea kobota itsamaele ka ka tjhelete e ya meputso e mene 'mè; Rua Molemo ntate o lekana le itsamaele selemo motho.

A tefello hlama chelete ka Latvia - ho pota 420 €. Tefo ea kobota itsamaele - 43% ya moputso ea 'mè eo. Kabelo ngoana tsotelle ho fihlela ho lilemo tse peli - 3300 €. kabelo bakeng sa ngoana pele - 11 €, lefile khoeli ho fihlela ho lesomethataro.

Estonia, e hlama chelete tefo e lekanang ho 320 €. Tefo ea kobota siea nahanela boemo ba moputso karolelano. Ngoana kabelo ho fihlela ho lilemo tse leshome le metso e - 50 € ka khoeli. Palo ea botsoali kabelo ho fihlela ho likhoeli tse leshome le metso e robeli itšetlehile ka moputso oa batsoali. Mohlomong ke ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore naha hona joale e leng oa European Union, melao ea butle-butle e ile ea eketseha ea phelang, moputso oa ba tsoha, ho na le thuso ka lintho tse bonahalang likarolo tse sa tšoaneng tsa baahi.

Ho phaella moo, ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ya mananeo a ho tshehetsa ba malapa a le bana ba bangata. Ka mohlala, lelapa SeEstonia le bana ba bararo feela ditumello ngoana amohetsweng ke li-euro tse makholo a mahlano ka khoeli. Ka Latvia kabelo e tlase le mashome a supileng li-euro.