Sebopeho ea sechaba

Society e entsoe ka likarolo tse fapa-fapaneng, e leng ka ho sebelisana kamehla - ho tloha ka motho ka mong, mekgatlo ea sechaba ho baahi kgolo. All ena e kenyelelitsoe ka khopolo ea ho ea sechaba sebopeho. Ka mantsoe a mang a bua, sena ke seo likarolo, likarolo qapa sechaba le likamano tsa sechaba le ditshebeditsano ba leng sona. Ka kahisano, ka lekhetlo la pele khopolo ea mohaho tsa sechaba ho sebetsa Herbert Spencer, ea neng a utloisisa lentsoe lena le kamano ea tsitsitseng pakeng tsa phelang phedisano le likarolo tsa lona ka bomong. O e, ka kakaretso, mokhatlo o tšoantšoa le 'mele. Ke H. Spencer, sebopeho ea sechaba - mokhoa ona, lefelo la likarolo kokangana tshebetso le likamano pakeng tsa bona, eaba ba etsa e ka hare oona tsamaisong Sepheo.

Ho na le litlhaloso tse 'maloa ea lentsoe la. Mohlala, e mong oa bona: sebopeho ea sechaba - ka tsela e itseng ea interconnection le sebelisana likarolo, ke hore, batho ba ileng ba tšoara maemong setjhaba (statuses) le ho phetha mesebetsi e itseng (likarolo). E ka bone hore ntho e ka sehloohong ka tlhaloso ena - metsoako ea puisano le sebelisana. Kapa, ho etsa mohlala, tlhaloso ea hore o nahanela le dikarolo kapa strata tsa sechaba: ea sechaba sebopeho ke sete ya maemo a sechaba, ya kokangana le ho kopana, hierarchically o ile a laela ka ho ya ka stratification bona.

The thepa ea mohaho ea sechaba ka nkoa ho itšetlehile ka divariabole latelang:

1. tsehetsano e tsoelang pele.

2. tiisetso.

3. The go lekanya motheo.

4. beha tshusumetso holim 'ketsahalo empirically hlokomela.

sebopeho ea sechaba ka tsamaiso - e ke mokhoa interconnection subsystems hore sebelisana ka eona le ho etsa bonnete ba botšepehi ba lona. Seo subsystems di kenyelleditswe tsamaisong ea sechaba? sebopeho ea sechaba e kenyeletsa batho ba sehlopha sa batho (setjhabneg), ba kopantsoe ke ba bang criterion, dikgokelo bona, likamano le sebelisana, mekhatlo e fapaneng le mekhatlo, lihlopha, setjhaba, melao, melao ea boitšoaro, 'me ho feta. Mong le e mong boemo ba leholimo tsena, likarolong tse ling tsa mohaho o ka 'na ba ka ba le kamano e itseng le tse ling, lula bo itseng le ho bapala karolo ea itseng sechabeng.

The and analysis fetisisa e qaqileng ea sebopeho sa ea sechaba e ile ea fanoa ke Karl Marx, ea neng a ile a bontša hore 'muso oa lipolotiki, setso le ea bolumeli likarolo tse ling tsa bophelo li itšetlehile ka ya mode wa ea tlhahiso. O ne a nka hore ho e le setsi a moruo rerang ho likhopolo le setso superstructure sechabeng. Balateli le barutuoa ba Karl Marx sisintsweng le boikutlo bo batla fapaneng, ho hlahloba setso, tsa lipolotiki le tsa likhopolo mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa batlang e le ikemetseng le ho itšetlehile ka karolo ya moruo o tla qetella feela.

Empa nahana ka Karl Marx le balateli ba hae ka likamano tsa sechaba ka sebopeho tsa sechaba e ne e se e 'ngoe feela. Kahoo, Durkheim o ile a ngola, ka ho khetheha, e le hore ya dihlongwa ea sechaba bapala karolo ea bohlokoa haholo ka ikopanya tsa sechaba, ba tlisa hammoho le likarolong tse fapaneng tsa eona hammoho. O qolla liforomo tse peli tsa likamano tsa mehaho: mechanistic le manyolo bonngoe. Weber ithuta le khanna e ho hlahloba litokisetso setheong, sechabeng: 'maraka, tsamaiso ya puso le lipolotiking.

T. Parsons o lumela hore Company ke mofuta o khethehileng oa oona tsamaisong ea sechaba, e leng o na le boemo bo phahameng ba ee rileng le ho khotsofala. Tshebetso bonngoe ba setjhabeng ha tsamaiso e laolwang ke subsystems ea sechaba, ho tseo a ileng a ngotsoe moruo (tlwaetsa), lipolotiki (tseledostizheniya), setso (sampole tokiso). Integrative tšoanang mosebetsi sechabeng seo e laolwang ke tsamaiso ea "sechaba societal" e entsoeng ka ka sebopeho haholo taolo.