Phagocytosis - ena e ka sehloohong mochine oa ba mmele tsamaiso ea oona

Hangata ka ho fetisisa ho batho ba baholo hōlisa offsuit TV bontša, re ithuta hore boitshireletso ba mmele lulang mala. Tsohle ke ea bohlokoa ho hlatsoa, pheha, ho ja le letona, Khotsofatsa mele le libaktheria tse molemo le sepakbola joaloka eo.

Empa maloetseng ke habohlokoa eseng feela hore. Ka 1908, Russia rasaense II Mechnikov fumana Khau ea Nobel ka physiology ka ho bolella (le ho paka) ho fumaneha lefatšeng ka bophara ka kakaretso le ka ho khetheha hore ke habohlokoa ho phagocytosis ea sesole sa 'mele.

phagocytosis

Ho sireletsa 'mele ea rona ho tloha kotsi likokoana-hloko' me libaktheria li swelela ka mali. Molao-motheo o akaretsang ena: ho na le batshwai seleng, ba bona sera le tšoaea eona, 'me lisele tse di lifeguards ka dileibole ke mojaki le ho timetsa.

Phagocytosis - tshebetso ea timetso, ke hore, absorption ea kotsi tse liseleng tse phelang le tse sa pheleng likaroloana kapa tse ling tse phelang le khethehileng lisele tse - phagocytes. Ho na le mefuta e 5. Le tshebetso nka sebaka ka hare ho ka 3 lihora tse 'me e akarelletsa mekhahlelo 8.

mekhahlelo ea phagocytosis

A re ke re sheba ka ho qaqileng ho feta se phagocytosis. Tšebetso ena ke ba hlophisehile haholo ebile ba tsamaiso:

• pele phagocyte tsebiso Sepheo tshusumetso le susumeletsa ho e - mohato ona o bitsoa chemotaxis;

• eka tšoaroa ka Sepheo, sele e ka tieo o latelwang, khomaretse tlhokeng, ke hore, setlehile ..;

• ebe o qala ho ebe o kenya tshebetsong letlalo la hao - the lera ka ntle;

• Hona Joale qala phagocytosis sebele ka boeona: ketsahalo ena e tšoauoa ka sebopeho sa pseudopodia pota Sepheo sa;

• butle-butle phagocyte phethela tjena kotsi gorole hare tlas'a ea eona e lera, kahoo ho ile ha thehoa phagosome;

• ho ena sethaleng ho na le ke ho e logan ea lysosomes le phagosomes;

• Hona Joale u ka silehe tsohle - ho timetsa;

• ho ba sethaleng ho qetela ka feela lahlela lihlahisoa tsa tshilo ya dijo.

Tsohle! Tsela ea ho timetsa e kotsi phelang e phethoa, o ile a bolaoa ke ho tshilong ya dijo ka matla-enzyme phagocyte kapa ka lebaka la phatloha ho hoholo ho hema. Re ka hlōla!

Soasoa ka thōko, phagocytosis - ke mochine bohlokoa haholo ea tsamaiso e sireletsang ea 'mele, e leng ke ntho ea tlhaho ho batho le liphoofolo, ha e le hantle - vertebrates le invertebrates.

dramatis personae

Ka phagocytosis khahlelo e seng feela ho phagocytes. Ho sa tsotellehe 'nete ea hore bana ba lisele tse mafolofolo nakong ke kamehla le loketse ho loana, ba ne ba tla ba' nile ba e se nang thuso ka ntle ho ea tse ling. Mora phagocyte, kahoo re lokela ho bua, ke ho ba foufetseng. Ha a khetha pakeng tsa se metsoalle le lira, kapa ho ena, feela u se ke ua bona letho.

Ea tse ling - tsamaiso tshireletso, ka mofuta oa tataisa phagocytes ena. Ba ka tsela e itseng feela phethahetseng "Pono", ba ka ho phethahetseng utloisisa ba ke mang. Bona le kokoana-hloko kapa libaktheria, li khomaretsa e ka lesupa ke eo, joaloka monko, e tla phagocyte.

Bohlokwa ka ho fetisisa ea tse ling - limolek'hule tsena thoeng ke bo-phetiso lintlha. Ka thuso ea bona phagocytes se feela tseba moo sera, empa hape buisana, bitsa ho kōpa thuso, tsoha leukocytes.

Get enteloa, re koetlisa e ea tse ling, ho ba ruta ho lemoha le sera sa ho e ncha.

mefuta phagocytes

Lisele tse nang le bokhoni tsa phagocytosis, arotsoe ka phagocytes litsebi le batho bao e seng litsebi. Barutehileng tsena:

• monocytes - tsena tšoeu mali lisele tse, lia lebitso la bosoasoi "wipers", leo le amohelwang fetang e ikhethang matla a ho li monya (haeba ke ho ka etsahala hore le re ho joalo, li 'nile tsa e haholo e ntle takatso ea lijo);

• macrophages - jang kholo ba jang lisele tse shoeleng kapa tse senyehileng le ho kgothaletsa sebopeho sa lisireletsi;

• neutrophils - kamehla pele ho fihla sebakeng seo sa tshwaetso. Ba ba bangata ka ho fetisisa, hantle kokobetsa ho sera, empa bona ka bobona ba hape shoa ka nako e tšoanang (a ea mofuta ofe ea kamikaze). Ke tsela eo, boladu - ke neutrophils bafu;

• dendrites - ikhetha ka likokoana-hloko 'me mosebetsi oa ka kopana le tikoloho,

• palo lisele tse - le progenitors ya ea tse ling, 'me esita le nwela libaktheria mob mobile-negative.