Ke moo Black biosphere pokello naha? Black lefatše - Reserve Kalmykia

A buka e ikhethang Biosphere Reserve "Black Earth" - feela Russia pokello, moo o ile a ithuta tsa tlhaho naha bath ea libaka tsa lehoatata, seka-mahoatateng le masabasabeng. Ho phaella moo, o leka ho boloka ho Kalmyk saiga, ho eketseha palo ea tsona. Mehloli, bōpiloe ka 1990, o ne a fuoa e UNESCO 03.12.93 Biosphere Reserve.

pokello Location

Reserve khumama ke linaheng tse ka boroa Europe la Russia. Empa moo e Reserve "Black Earth", ke Republic of Kalmykia. The National Park e na le likarolo tse peli, maemo a klimate fapana sharply.

Steppe sebakeng koahela ka leboea-bophirimela ho Caspian ho tepella maikutlo. Ho otlolla hammoho le fihlang ho e ka tlaase ea linōka Volga le Kuma, linaheng tse hapa Yashkulsky le Chernozemelsky Setereke. Bird Area fetela le ka bophara le letšeng Manych-Gudilo. Ho e teng ka Kuma-Manych ha Moruo, kapa ho ena, ho setsi sa lona. matlotlo a hae ba ile ba a otlolla ka Yashaltinskomu le Priyutnensky Setereke.

Nature phakeng e le haufi le ho ea litoropong Komsomolskoe Hultuha, motse Priyutnoe. Biosphere Reserve "Black Earth" - sebaka seo ho sona emisa kholo tse peli tsa lefatše bottler. Ho kopanela bobusi ba e leka-lekaneng sebakeng le makhulong le kontinenteng lebanta la mahoatateng le seka-mahoatateng laoloa ke leqhoa mariha.

makgetheng libaka

Atolohela ya maqhubu tlaase ho bua leshano thota, thehoa ka tse fapaneng le leholo la orilla-maralleng lehlabathe phakeng ea sechaba "Black Earth". pokello e leng hona teng ka lebaka koahetsoeng mobung ho ile ha thehoa ka nako ya ho qala ho Leoatle la Caspian moo ho omileng. Ka hona, le linaheng tse hae lehlabathe ka matla letsoai.

The mabapi pakeng tsa Azov le mabalane Caspian - e mochophorong ea boholo-holo otlolla bakeng sa km 500 - ile fetoleloa ho tepella maikutlo Manych. About hang teng Strait hona joale e tšoana le letšeng Manych-Gudilo, teng ka cavity ena.

Qalong, metsi letšeng ne ke le letsoai. The pond komello hoo e ka bang ka ho feletseng omeletse. From e lula e le ketane ea tse nyenyane Ozerets saltwater amanang fokola ducts kapa ka ho feletseng hakolotse. Maiketsetso likhohola fokolitse letsoai le metsing la letša, empa o thusa ho boloka bophara ka mefuta e fapaneng ho tloha km 1.5 ho 10, 'me ka botebo e bohareng ba tekanyong ea liphallelo e depressions - ho fihlela ho limithara tse 5-8.

Sharply kontinenteng tlelaemete e tla nkuwa ka pokello "Black Earth". pokello e laoloa ke omileng lehlabula chesang 'me mariha a thata snowless. Ka hona ho lebitso la phakeng: naha e sa koahetsoe ke lehloa - ntsho. Mathang mocheso mengata e fapaneng ho tloha +24 ho +42 ⁰ C, nakong ea mariha e bolokwa ka tloha -6 ho -35 ⁰ C.

phoofolo boloka

Tloaelehileng steppe le seka-na le lehoatata le liphoofolo tse se ahileng biosphere phakeng "Black Earth". Reserve sireletsa lihahabi tse ngata. Bakeng sa semelo sa sehahabi etsoa itime lijo 'me a mebala-bala barbs, digogwane eared le vertihvostok. Haufi ka mor'a bona 'me ka lehlabathe Boa khalase-mokholutsoane. Khasa ho bask letsatsing malpolon le steppe marabe.

Loketseng bakeng sa ho sootho mutla le nako e telele-eared hedgehogs, gerbils, le gophers Reserve "Black Earth". Liphoofolo tsa libatana, hlalosoa naheng ea ho tsoma ka. Ka boholo tsa liphokojoe phakeng ply le liphiri, ferrets le khanya apara. Ka linako tse ling thulana boroa toeba birch, stylodipus le e ka leboea tse tharo-se menoana e jerboa. Cloven-hoofed liphoofolo tse ho tloha matsa tloaelehileng. Lebeloa saiga baahi, hoo e batlang e nyamela ka bo 1980, 'me hona joale e eketsehile ho 150 tse likete tse.

Leshome le metso e lihlekehlekeng tsa Lake Manych-Gudilo baka waterbirds Community. Khahlanong le semelo sa mefuta e tloaelehileng ea linonyana totobala likolone tsa linonyana seoelo letšeng. gulls tloaelehileng, cormorants le spoonbills ba bakae baahelani, pinki le pelican Curly. Mehlape ea waterfowl hore fallela ho tloha mariha bo tsoelang pele, lokisetsa ka Lake khefu. Nakong ea ho falla kopana khubelu-breasted likhantsi, tšoeu-greylag le bohlooho likhantši.

limela pokello

Serapeng sa boikhathollo ba ne ba bokana ka libaka tse peli - ea lehoatata 'me a steppe e omme. 'Mala phalete ea lehoatata' me a steppe fapana ho itšetlehile ka nako ea selemo. A morusu oa 'mala ka selemo ephemeral ka phakeng ea sechaba "Black Earth". Reserve zapolonyayut mebala-bala inflorescence irises le lalele, carnations patiwa khoahlapisitseng le ho hōlela ho makhasi a Artemisia bohlooho melumo tala.

Le ho fihla ha matsatsi a hlabula ho fumana traction har'a sehlahla mollo le bulbous bluegrass pherese-sootho khanya silevera, whitish-ea lihlekehlekeng feathery masiba. Qetellong ea lehlabula e laoloa ke hues sootho le bosehla hore Blaze lesere, le basesaane-maoto, wheatgrasses le lengana. Hoetla grayish-sootho semelo sa thehoa ke batho ba batsho lengana le joang ponang, bonahalang blotches tsa lefifi tala baahi halophyte, butle-butle ea fetang ka matheba a mali-e khubelu.