"Harrier" - VTOL: litšobotsi tse, lilemo tsa tshebetso

Ground tlhaselo baahisane-bomber mata "Harrier" - sefofane, e leng e ya hlahiswa ka UK. Ho fapana le litšobotsi tse babatsehang, ho na le monyetla oa sefofane se tloha paatsepama le lulisa le lengths mehaho. Sefofane sa pele se mochine ona o ile oa etsa ha a lekholo leshome le metso e robong le sixtieth selemo. Ka lilemo tse ngata, le sebelisitsoe ka mabotho a US, Spain, Thailand, United Kingdom. Lifofane lula ntse ntlafala, na diphetolo 'maloa.

Series GR-1: Tlhaloso

Ha e le hantle, "Harrier" - sefofane, e leng bakeng sa lekhetlo la pele historing ea lifofane e ne e khona ho etsa sefofane se tloha paatsepama le lulisa. The mochine pele o nka ho moeeng ka hoetla ea 1960 palo seriale tlhahiso ea qala ka lilemo tse supileng. Lebothong leo ea pele ea Air Force Brithani, e bopilweng ka mashome a mabeli-le leng unit trust nkoa lifofane ho ile ha thehoa Ka leshome le metso e robong selemong mashome a tšeletseng-borobong.

Sepheo se ka sehloohong sa lifofane letotong lena - tšehetso ea Army. Sena ke ka ntlha ya go ho maneuverability phahameng le matla a ho sebetsa ka libaka tse fapaneng ba leholimo. Height mefuta e fapaneng, e leng e sekametseng unit trust - ho tloha km tharo ho isa ho leshome le metso e mene tse sekete. Kahong thepa e sebelisoa ho tloha aluminium, thaethaniamo le magnesium lits'epe tse kopantsoeng. Hape, ba bang ba karolo e itseng ea matlo le dikarolo entsoe ka metsoako e le likarolo tse ngata le tse phahameng matla tšepe.

thepa

Warplane Harrier GR-1 nkile le fuselage le para ea riveted dikgokelo kaho theknoloji. Nko ea karolo kenyeletsang cockpit. moeli oa oona ka morao matha hammoho bohale mekgokolosa, eo sebeletsa ho seta setulo ejection. Matla le metsoako e amanang teng e bohareng fuselage lekareche. Pele ba babeli mafura tanka e ratang, e mong le e ba tse ka bolulo ho lekholo mashome a mararo a etsang dilitara tse tsa peterole.

Ka holimo ho rack ka sehloohong o bokgoni mong tanka a etsang dilitara tse a mane le makholo a supileng a metso e meraro. Pakeng tsa nozzles 177 sete-litha e le nngwe bokgoni, le tlas'a decompression karolo ea lepheo le - ka etsang dilitara tse 785. Ho na le ke le monyetla oa hlongoa litanka tse eketsehileng, o tiisang hore lifofane telele ntle le refueling.

Features

O ne a nka sefofane ke e mong oa le disebediswa tse ratoang ka ho fetisisa sebetsa ka Air Force United States. The Marine botseta sebedisa e le sekoahelo le e hlasela e kopanetsoeng ka liphofu tse ka ha ho lebeletswe. The baahisane ka karolo e bohareng ea fuselage e nkile le Gear nko lulisa. elements pele e laoloa ke para ea diselennere haeteroliki, ho fana ka retelehelang ho likhato tse mashome a mane a metso e mehlano. Unit taolo e teng ka karolo ka morao ya fuselage ena.

Whole rotatable mohatla pop lady le e reretsoe e le tekanyetso sebopeho tshekaletseng. Letlalo na khekhe ea linotši, fetela le ka sefofane ho ba khalemela le hlaha ka lehlakoreng le ya likhato tse mashome a tšeletseng a metso e tšeletseng. Lifofane lepheo ho fuselage tsa mofuta ya e tsoelang pele e tsitsitseng libakeng tse tšeletseng. Ho phaella moo, e mong le e lepheo na lintlha tse 'nè, e reretsoeng ho hlongoa pylons tsa libetsa ntoa kapa litanka tse eketsehileng mafura.

Engine le amanang diyuniti

US sesole sefofane sa jete baahisane tlas'a lebitso la "Harrier GR-1" a hlomelloa le sefofane sa jete turbine powertrain Rolls Roys Bristol. Ho o khomaretse ka lintlha tse 'nè tsa ho liforeimi ea karolo e bohareng ea fuselage ena. Le manakana a potolohang nozzle o etsoang ke dilenaneo pneumatici. Phetoho Brake le nka-theoha qheletseng vector index ea - e leng bokhoni ba ho fetola boemo ba ka sefofane e sa likhato tse ka tlaase ho mashome a robong.

Lifofane phetoho ka sebaka ke e latelang:

• sebetsa compressors tse 'nè, aggregating difapho ka nko le mohatla karolo;
• nozzles tse tharo tse ka toloki morao li laoloa le tonnage;
• para ea dikarolo qeta monono bakeng sa ho laola ho le kanaleng.

jete tsamaiso e khopo a betsa e butswe nakong sefofane se tloha paatsepama le lulisa ka lifofane mokgwa wa ka lebelo tlaase (dilenaneo drive mokgwa wa nozzle likhato mashome a mabeli kapa ho feta).

litšobotsi tsa

"Harrier" - phepelo ntoa lifofane ka letoto la lihlooho tse la pele o na le ditekanyetso tse latelang:

• Selemo sa kaho - 1969;
• ballon / lepheo sebakeng - 7700/1868 limithara tse;
• bolelele / bophahamo ba - 13,87, limithara tse 3,43;
• boima ba 'mele - tse hlano le halofo lithane tse;
• fokotsa sefofane se tloha boima - 11 34 limithara;
• enjene - Pegasus MK-101 le boikitlaetso bo 8160 lik'hilograma / s;
• litsupa lebelo (matha ka / lebetsoeng le boleng) - km 1185/1360 ka hora;
• sefofane bophelo bo se nang refueling - 3700 km SE;
• ntoa radius - sekete km makholo a mabeli;
• basesisi ba - motsamaisi a le mong;
• mojaro ntoeng (, max) - 2270.

Harrier baahisane-bomber mata fanyeha na nodes tse hlano, e leng e teng ka libetsa e tloaelehileng. Hona ho kenyeletsa:

• tridtsatimillimetrovaya sethunya "Aden";
• tse pedi tataisoang metsu Sepheo-9D;
• metsu tšoanang oa "moea-naha";
• libomo lesihla, incendiary analogues, le 450-kilogerama libomo;
• mahlaahlela a mang, fapanyetsana le o ile a re disebediswsa

Ho phaella moo, lifofane tse sa ka a hlomelloa le tsoibilang Type, Nur armament mofuta kapa le literata le tsamaiso bohlale.

Harrier GR-3: kakaretso

Baahisane selotlolo morero oa fapaneng ho tloha pele ho eena lona ntlafala engine. ipheng-theoha hae qheletseng ke ka hare ho lik'hilograma 9753. The fuselage e lula li sa fetohe. mafura bakeng sa litlelase kaofela lifofane nkoa e kholo haholo, e leng ke tloaelehileng bakeng sa disebedisweng tse ding tse tshwanang le sefofane se tloha paatsepama.

The thepa ea kamehla ea mochine e kenyelletsa tsamaiso arabelang oa refueling ka moea, le tham mong bang laser rangefinder mofuta tse tobileng e hlahlobang. Ke baahisane makgetheng kenyeletsa tse latelang:

• ka tšebeletso - para ea mashome a mararo-millimeter Cannon "Aden", teng tlas'a fuselage ea;
• bokhoni ba ho kenya arabelang mahlaahlela "Matra";
• sighting le diphuthelwana Ferranti ";
• thepa-le-moea ho ea moketeng oa lijo tsa maqhubu a fapaneng.

Ka US Marine botseta Mans nkoa lifofane le lilemo tse makholo a leshome le metso e robong le mashome a supileng. Ho phaella moo, sesebediswa sena tseba le Air lebothong leo UK le Jeremane. Letotong tlhahiso ea koloi o ile a qeta tse ka bang peli lilemo tse mashome.

GR-3 tshebetso litšobotsi tsa lifofane le

Nahana ka lintlha tse etsoang ka maqiti le ho botekgeniki entsprechen tsa hlasela baahisane:

• Selemo sa amohela - 1970;
• bophahamo / bolelele - 3 45 / 13.87 limithara;
• Lepheo (mefuta e fapaneng / lisekoere) - 7,7 limithara / 18,68 sq. limithara;
• nka-theoha boima ho palo e kahodimodimo - motso le boima ba lithane tse halofo;
• ntoa mojaro - 2300/3600 lik'hilograma;
• mafura a ka hare (boima) - boima ba lithane tse 2,29.

Warplane "Harrier GR-3" khona ho qhalakantsoeng holim'a e 'ngoe ba likete tse tharo le makholo a km ka hora, ka e sebetsang sefofane hole 3425 km SE. Basebetsi bao ba ntse na le motsamaisi a le mong, ho na le monyetla oa ho hlōloa sesole ea km le makholo a mahlano le mashome a mabeli.

Series GR-5

Ka leshome le metso e robong mashome a robeli-borobong selemo sa RAF ralitima ne replenished "Harrier" Phetolelo ea bohlano. Phapang ka sehloohong ho tloha phetolo kgale e ne e le e eketsehileng libetsa mojaro le telele. lifofane e etselitsoeng reconnaissance ke moea le thuso ka ho toba mabotho fatše. Lathe sefofane se tloha 'me lulisa ntse sa fetohe, e le mohaho o akaretsang ea mochine.

sethusathuto The ke monoplane molecular mofuta, e leng e hlomelloa le mapheo le placement phahameng, le baesekele cheisi odnokilevym mohatla trimmings. Ha ho bōpa ea mohlala ona re ka mafolofolo o ile a sebelisa thepa ea likarolo tse ngata. Lepheo, le mofuta lahloang na le thatafetseng le ea tsitsitseng ho mejaro mahlonoko tseo ho leng profil. Eketseha wingspan le sebakeng sona. likarolo tsena li kopanya palokakaretso le drooping ailerons ba khutlisetsa sepakapakeng boemo ba ho latellana nozzles.

liphetoho mehaho

US le litima British letotong lena na le sebopeho ntafaditsweng ea lepheo, e leng eketsa tse tobileng moea ho hanyetsa le ho fokotsa palo e kahodimodimo lebelo la lifofane la. Leha ho le joalo, mosing ena e lefisa ka ho fetola thepa ea motheo e amanang le fuselage le tokisetso ea intakes moea.

Main likarolo tsa ka ntle entsoe ka lits'epe tse kopantsoeng graphite, epoxy, aluminium. Tshireletso ya tlas'a fuselage le sefofane ka pel'a fenstere e kapele ea koloi ho ba thaethaniamo botlaaseng. Pakeng tsa lulisa Gear ntseng bo eketseha sebaka sa lebokose khethehileng eo na le ho fetola sehlopha sefapano, e tsitsitseng maporogo longitudinal. E sebeletsa e le reflector qeta monono ka sefofane se tloha. tharollo ena e lumelloa ho eketsa matla a le phahamisa ka ho hoo e ka bang halofo ea thane. Cockpit Hawker Siddeley Harrier e etselitsoeng ho motsamaisi a le mong, ho na le conditioning moea, litulo phahameng-mounted le hlaka floodlight.

The peterole le dilenaneo oona tsamaisong

A phetolo ya turbine e nkile le unit trust jete matla, le nang le le kgetho ya ho fetola tataiso ea traction vector. Sepheo se ee sa fetoleng boemo ka palo e kahodimodimo ea 9870 lik'hilograma / s. Mesebetsi chetyrehsekundny chopper enjene tshebetso tabeng ea lulisa paatsepama a sa le mocheso phahameng. Tsamaiso ea karate oksijene, sefofane taolo kopano le ho tiisoa ha ba kopanya palokakaretso le konpresser ho sebetsa ho a petetswa moea.

US le litima British tšoaea "Harrier" na le mafura a phallo eo ha e fapaneng haholo ho tloha pele ho eena lona. Ke eketsa bokgoni ba ho fana ka litanka e, ditanka ho ka tšoara ho fihlela ho etsang dilitara likete tse 'nè e mong. Hape ka ea mohlala ona ho fana ka tlatsetso mafura tshireletso moeeng le ka monyetla oa ho hlongoa ditanka eketsehileng emisitswe mofuta.

Lehlakoreng botekgeniki sefofaneng sa GR-5

Baahisane le para ea lithunya ventral "Aden" dvadtsatipyatimillimetrovogo caliber (mahlaahlela e akarelletsa liqoso tse makholo a mabeli). matsoho a tse ling tse teng ka lintlha tse 'maloa ho fanyeha. The Kit ka kenyeletsa libomo le metsu ea mefuta e sa tšoaneng.

Features:

• Laele - leshome le metso e robong mashome a robeli a metso e supileng selemo;
• entsprechen lepheo - mefuta e fapaneng (9.25 limithara) / sebakeng (21.37 sq.);
• bolelele / bophahamo ba - 14.1 / 3,5 limithara;
• ntoa mojaro ho palo e kahodimodimo - boima ba lithane tse 'nè;
• boima ba 'mele oa lifofane letho - boima ba lithane tse 6,25;
• ntoa radius - limithara tse makholo a mahlano;
• lebelo - km 1150 ka hora;
• mefuta e fapaneng ya e sebetsang - 3825 km SE.

Mokoetlisi lifofane tsa cha ena na le litšobotsi tse tšoanang, ka ntle bakeng sa Kit feletseng ntoa.

Phetolo ya GR-7

"Harrier-2" tlas'a letšoao GR-7 e ea mohlala atileng ka ho fetisisa, e leng karolo ea mabothong a hlometseng tsa Great Britain. mochine o etsoa hammoho lik'hamphani British le Amerika.

entsprechen Technical sefofaneng ho:

• bolelele / bophahamo ba - 14.53 / 3.55 m ';
• ballon / Wing Area - 9,25 limithara / 21,37 sq. limithara;
• dienjini - Rolls-Royce-Pegasus MK-105;
• boima ba 'mele palo e kahodimodimo ho sefofane se tloha - leshome le boima ba lithane tse halofo;
• e sebetsang eo ke sisinyehang - km 15 le kotara ea;
• Basesisi ba - mofofisi ea amehileng ka;
• ntoa mefuta e fapaneng - 2,7 km SE;
• phepelo ea mafura a - hoo e ka bang robong likete tse a etsang dilitara tse.

Ho phaella moo, lifofane tse sa na le para ea "Aden" hlometseng ka lithunya, hardpoints robong bakeng sa liqhomane tse eketsehileng le tsoibilang bakeng sa metsu tataisoang.

"Harrier GR-9"

phetolo ena e fumaneng se tšoane tse pedi tse kgolo ho tloha pele ho lona. Ntlafatsoa lenaneo ea libetsa e rarahaneng, e leng e etselitsoeng ho sebelisa e mengata e fapaneng ea libetsa phahameng sebetsa ka ho nepahetseng ba caliber fapaneng. Ho feta moo, ho na le e ne e le e matla enjene ea tshwana Rolls-Royce tlas'a MK-107 palo.

"Harrier" - sefofane, e leng ka phetolo ea ho qetela e ba haha le tsamaiso ea morao-rao le libetsa le ho sireletsa tshireletso, e hlometse ka Dashboard rutang ka ho fetisisa 'me tsamaiso ea ka mo e ka nnang ya lulisa sebakeng seo o re lemosang. Sefofane pele ka sethusathuto ka potso o ne a etsoa ka likete tse peli selemo sa pele. Ho na le mechine e habeli ntshetsopeleng hlomelloa le seng joalo enjene e matla le tsamaiso IWP.

Litšobotsi tse GR-9

sefofane sena o na le ditekanyetso tse latelang:

• bolelele / bophahamo ba - 14.3 / 5.5 ke limithara;
• wingspan - limithara tse robong;
• lepheo sebakeng - mashome a mabeli-le leng mitha lisekoere;
• baahisane boima (, max) - boima ba lithane tse leshome le metso e mene;
• traction - 10,75 limithara;
• tekanyong e lebelo ka palo e kahodimodimo bophahamo - 1.198 km SE / H;
• ntoa mefuta e fapaneng - km tse likete tse peli le makholo a supileng.

The lifofane e na le molao-motheo bakeng sa sehlopha sa ena ea libetsa le libomo le tataiso le bohlale Optical mehahong kang Pu Nur.

Qetellong

"Molemo ka ho fetisisa lifofane sesole lefatšeng" hlasela baahisane "Harrier" ka nepo e leng oa dihlopha. E na le sefofane se tloha paatsepama le lulisa, o na le e kholo thōko ho toba baleha 'me e na le tšebeletso ea khabane ka ho fetisisa. Haeba u bapisa le manaka e ruuoang ea "Yak-38". Ho ka 'na ho hlokomela hore chelete e kaalo British tsa qothisana lehlokoa le eena ba phahameng ka litsela tse ngata. Ha re nahana ka letoto la lihlooho tse la pele la mechine, ka likarolo tse itseng tsa "Yak" mamello le matjato. Ntlafala phetolelo ea lifofane tsa Brithani na hoo e ka bang ha ho tlhōlisano e har'a lekana le ka mofuta oa lifofane.

E emelang lifofane nkoa ka ho eketsehileng e bontša thahasello ea ka e matla ka ho fetisisa tsoetseng pele moea linaheng tse kang Jeremane, United Kingdom le United States. Versatility, tšepahala, mehaho e ntle le e phahameng lebelo - qeto ea hore na katleho lintlha baahisane "Harrier".