Ke mang a liphoofolo relict?

уже давно минула, и огромных ящеров можно встретить только в музее и кино. Mathoasong a dinosauri ba nako e telele ho fetile, 'me mekholutsoane e khōlō e ka fumanoa feela ka musiamo le ho shebelloang libaesekopo. Tse ling tsa limela le liphoofolo ho tloha linakong tse hōle tsa histori pholoha ho fihlela letsatsing le teng. Ba bitsoa liemahale.

liemahale

Batho ba limilione tse fetileng, lefatše la rōna le shebahala e fapaneng haholo. Limela le liphoofolo e fetohile haholo ho tloha ka nako eo. E bitsoa liemahale tsa liphoofolo tse hlaha tse se le eena o tsoa buisana le baholo-holo ba ka. Ba na le a 'maloa a makgetha a ho fumaneha ho dimela telele-foqohe le liphoofolo,' me u se ke ua tšoana le mefuta e ea kajeno.

Relict phoofolo kapa semela ka hangata ho ka magala phelang, o ile a hlalosa. Ho se tsebe ba hangata bo amahanngoa le boteng ba dinosauri. Leha ho le joalo mehleng ea dinosauri e ile ea nka ho tswa Triassic nako (milione 225 a etsang dilitara tse. N.) Ho tjhoko (ba limilione tse 65 a etsang dilitara tse. N.) Liemahale tšoanang ka 'na ea sebetsa le ho nako e le hamorao.

Lentsoe lena le hlaha ka 1885, ka lebaka la Oscar Peschel - anthropologists le geologists ba tsoang Jeremane. Liemahale ka linako tse ling ba bitsa eseng feela phelang lintho, empa hape naha, liminerale. Ka mohlala, e tloaelehileng ea Siberia landschap tundrostepnoy nkoa e relic. Ho e-ba teng mehleng ea mammoths, woolly litsukulu, mekhahlelo, kahoo, ho e atisa ho bitsoa e le prairies mammoth.

tlhophiso

Liemahale tse arotsoe ka lihlopha, ho itšetlehile ka ho mehla ea ka le ileng la qala ho ba teng ba mofuta oa bona. Ba e ka ba e phahameng le quaternary. Neogene, kapa e phahameng - ka mefuta hore a boloke matšoao a bona bonyane ho tloha mehleng ea Pliocene. Tsena li akarelletsa Colchis chestnut, natalie natalie, blueberries, wintergreen, boxwood.

Karohano le hlaha e le maemo a leholimo. Ho na le relicts glacial. Ba ne ba lula naheng ho tloha lilemo leqhoa le fumanoa mahaheng, majoe, sphagnum bogs. Adder - e tloaelehileng ea glacial relict phoofolo, joaloka gadfly likhama, ba bang ba dragonflies. Har'a limela ka ho tsejoa dwarf birch, blueberries, cranberries.

Ho na le classifications tse ling hore arola liemahale mabapi le semela lihlopha (formational), 'me ka maemo a geomorphological eo ba lula (edaphic). Lithuto tsa thusa ho tseba kamoo boemo ba leholimo le fetohile ka habitats bona Ke liphetoho life e hlahile ka mobu, metsi, joalo-joalo

liphoofolo tse relict

Mehlala ea mesaletsa se phelang, se phelang mehleng ena ea rōna e ka ba ntho e sa thahaselliseng ntle le bothata. Boholo ba bona ba paleoendemikami. tikoloho ea bona ea tlhaho e ke ke haholo ka bophara le ka toka ka thōko, ba lumella hore ba boloke ngata likarolo senyeha.

Tse ngata libakeng tse unexplored tsa lefatše fana ka lebaka la ho lumela hore hase bohle ba mefuta e sa prehistoric li tsejoa. Ka mohlala, coelacanth ke relict detachment phoofolo coelacanths, eo e telele e nkoa e timele. Ka 1938, litlhapi ka phoso fumana musiamo motlhomamisi in South Africa har'a tse fumanoang tsa batšoasi ba litlhapi. Ho ile ha fumaneha hore ena ke mofuta feela ea Crossopterygii, ba ileng ba pholoha ho fihlela letsatsing le teng.

mesaletsa phelang tse tsotehang le likoena. Ena phoofolo relict tsoela pele ho phela lefatšeng lilemo tse ling tse limilione tse 85 tse fetileng, le hoja crocodylomorpha bona baholo-holo ba a hlaha ka bang limilione tse 250 tse fetileng. litekanyo bona fihle ho fihlela ho limithara tse 15 ka bolelele. Boholo ba mefuta e ea boholo-holo o ile a timele pele Cenozoic.

Le tlwaetsego koena habitats ba e-s'o fetohe ho tloha mehleng ea boholo-holo. Ka hona, le lihahabi seka-metsing u se ke ua tlameha ho ikamahanya le maemo a macha le khona ho boloka sebopeho lona ha a le lilemo tse limilione li fetileng.

liphoofolo tse Relict: lethathamo

E latelang ke lethathamo kaba tsa liemahale morao-rao, ho phela likhutlong tse sa tšoaneng tsa lefatše.

bofello

Liemahale ba bitsoa liphoofolo, limela, li-fungus, naha esita le liminerale tse 'nileng tsa e-s'o fetohe kapa fetohile marginally tloha ketsahalo ya mefuta e sa. Lefatšeng la kajeno ho na le haholo ka palo e kholo ea mesaletsa phelang e ileng ea hlaha ea milione tse seng kae tse fetileng.

Sa ho pholosa dimela tsena kenya letsoho hore ho e boemo ba leholimo e tsitsitseng, 'me ho itšehla thajana. Ke mang ea tsebang, mohlomong lethathamo ke haholo ho feta eo, eo tsejoa ho moloko oa batho kajeno.