Tsoekere: The thepa lik'hemik'hale tsa molao oa

The bonolo ya tsoekere, chelete bokahohleng la matla ao boko khetha le hlomphang mesifa pelo. Haeba motho a e hataketse mekgwa taolo, 'me boemo ba tsoekere maling oela tlase le ntho e tloaelehileng tse ling, ho na le fihla e ho lahleheloa ke keng ea qojoa ea kelo-hloko le lefu. Lefu la tsoekere mellitus ka bolwetse assimilation tsa ntho ena e isa ho "tlala amidst le ho hongata hoo." Ka lebaka leo, ho lijo, tse nang le tsoekere, e lokela ho tšoaroa ka hlokolosi, eseng feela bakeng sa ho diabetics - ho tsamaiso ea tsoekere metabolism molao oa tsamaiso e rarahane.

Hae haufi-ufi ithutile ka dithuto manyolo k'hemistri, bioorganic k'hemistri le Biochemistry. tsoekere ke eng? thepa lona lik'hemik'hale tsoa likarolo mehaho ea mohaho. Ba tse peli-lesaka - e ka nako e na le aldehyde sehlopha le hydroxyl sehlopha, i.e. e le hantle, ke bobeli aldehyde e le e polyhydric joala (e le sehlopha sa batho ba mofuta bobeli pele le la bobeli ka sebopeho lona hase uena feela).

Re lokela ho qala ka hore ho thepa aldehyde. Ha ho bapisoa, fructose, tsoekere le thepa lik'hemik'hale bontša ka mofuta wa aldose - ke hore, ho ka etsahala ho phetha itsoara joang ka ea seiponeng le silevera ea ka tsela e sireletsehileng. Sena itsoara joang ka sa tloaelehang e ntle, tse hlokang ho hloka sekoli reagents le thepa. Ka tsela eo ho tswa ho e ammoniacal tharollo silevera, tlangoa ka rarahaneng ka, tšepe e fumana. Haeba tsohle e ne e le le hloekileng, ho fellang kateng ntle le boreleli filimi, joaloka seiponeng, eo ile a etsa hore ho hlaha ha sehlooho sa eona. Empa haeba ho hong ho sa hloeka, o fumana clumps hlephileng ba moputsoa boima, o mobe le ho kgona ho kena experimenter se nang phihlelo o khelosa. Kahoo hlatsoa vials hantle!

Ke eng hape e "tseba" kamoo tsoekere? thepa lik'hemik'hale tsa mofuta o aldehyde ha feela koalloa ke itšoara seiponeng silevera. E mong itšoara joang tloaelehileng haholo ke hydrogenation, i.e. kamano ea hydrogen ho aldehyde sehlopha ka ho ba teng ha nikele tšepe sethothetsi. Ena e bopa joala sorbitol. Ka tsela eo, ho ke mohato o indasteri bakeng sa ba lokisetsa ho eona, e theko e le e bonolo leha ho le joalo, boitsebiso bo qalang ke rarahaneng poone starch sebakeng sa tsoekere bo hloekileng empa starch e hydrolyzed ho eena.

thepa bonyane tse pedi tsa aldehyde ke tsoekere. thepa lik'hemik'hale, ho paka joala mofuta wa ntho ena, le eena o teng. Mohlala, boleng tsa itšoara joang bakeng sa sehlopha hydroxyl. Mpa feela eketsa ka mahareng alkaline ho teko sampole hydroxide koporo. Kahoo, ha tsoekere e le teng, e precipitate koporo Ho thehoa, 'me ba ile ba fumana ba phelelang ho tharollo e ne e le e khanyang e putsoa. itšoara joang Sena ke bopaki ba lekhoba la tahi thepa ya tsoekere.

Empa ho na le karabelong e mong thahasellisang hore e bakoa ke tomoso le tobana le hoo e ka bang tsohle. Ke'ng e etsang hore tsoekere? The thepa lik'hemik'hale tse haufi-ufi amanang le ea baeloji. Ke enzyme e thehoa ethanol, ho timetsa li-fungus metsoako tse peli e mong le molek'hule, a etsa hore ho thehoe carbon dioxide. Joalo ke thepa lik'hemik'hale tsa tsoekere. Sena se hlahisa e monko o khethollang: feela nkha le tomoso hlama - 'me le etse bonnete ba hore ha e le hantle ethanol lekana.

hore na tsoekere e rarahaneng? 'Meleng le thepa lik'hemik'hale e ka tsejoang esale pele haholo e thehiloeng moralo bona, empa ntho e nang le liphiri tse ngata: ka mohlala, Mefuta e meng ea' mele undigested.