The thyroid tsoelesa e. Lipontšo tsa lefu ka hyper- le hypothyroidism.

Thyroid - ke e nngwe ya ka sehloohong litsoelesa endocrine, li-hormone tse laola le thulaganyo tshilong ya dijo ea 'mele. E sebakeng molaleng, ka pel'a larynx ena. ena boima 'mele ka karolelano ho tloha dikgerama 30 ho 40. Morpho-tshebetso unit trust ya thyroid lisele tse follicular tse, e leng ha thehoa tse peli tse ea bohlokoa iodinated hormone: thyroxine le triiodothyronine, hammoho le e 'ngoe batho bao e seng iodized - calcitonin. Morero mesebetsing ea li-hormone tsena ke:

• a sebetsang a tlhotlheletso ya likarolo lisele ka dithulaganyo ho kena moea;
• molao oa tsamaiso ea metsi, mafura, matsoai, k'habohaedreite, protheine metabolism;
• kenya letsoho ha ho kgolo le ntshetsopele ya phelang kaofela;
• litla ka tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng.

Thyroid, matšoao a lefu leo a ile a etsa hore kapa hypofunction lona kapa hyperfunction, mamela taolo ea tsamaiso ea pituitary-gipotalomicheskoy. The hypothalamus, ho regulator phahameng ka ho fetisisa kapa reducer ea tsamaiso neuroendocrine, le anterior pituitary tloaelehileng haholo ka motho ka bophelo bo botle ka ho qhekella a itšoare rarahaneng neurochemical fana mosebetsi taolo thyroid. Ho tswa ho mosebetsi hantle-hokahangoa tsena dibopeho tse peli anatomical itšetlehile ka matlafatsa ho hlahisa li-hormone tse thyroid follicles ka sekgeo bona le slowing fatše tlhahiso ea bona ha 'mele glut tsena dintho bohlokoa haholo' me hlokahala biologically mafolofolo.

Thyroid (lipontšo tsa lefu lena le, hyperfunction bonahatsoa furallwa lona boima, ho fufuleloa ka tsela e feteletseng le ho excitability tšohile) Har'a tse ling o laola khatello ea mali. Ka hona, ho phaella ho matšoao le ka holimo la epharmone hormone thyroid, ho na le ntlha e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa - le leqoophe le sa tsitsang haholo keketseho ea khatello ea mali, ho thata ho jwale tšoaroa ka meriana phekolo antihypertensive. Hape, ho na le keketseho e compensatory 'meleng ena, seo ke thyroid tsoelesa, matšoao a hae tabeng ena e tšoantšetsoang ke ditletlebo latelang:

• ikutloa ba fetang-tightness;
• phutholohe hoo ho bakoang le boemong bo sa thabiseng ka sebakeng molaleng;
• thickening ea sebaka se cervical;
• Exophthalmia (lefu Graves ');
• asma;
• palpitations, e ntseng e eketseha ea Mokhathala honyenyane;
• robala meferefere;
• tlaase sehlopheng feberu;
• eketseha takatso ea lijo, e leng ke eseng molemo haholo ho fumana molemo;
• khafetsa letšollo;
• se nang motheo teneha joalo-joalo

All ena o sebeletsa e le e khanyang setshwantsho ea tleleniki ea diffuse goiter nang le chefo e, matšoao a lefu lena ke ho joalo lebaleheng habonolo le thabisang hore ferekane goiter le ba bang ba bolwetse tse ling e tla ba ho le thata haholo. Boemo bo fapaneng ka ho feletseng ho bontša ho fokotswa mosebetsi ya thyroid tsoelesa e. Matšoao a eona a fapane ka ho feletseng: mokuli lethargic, thahaselle, mafura bonahala ho "ho sesa," mahlo a, mokuli ka linako tsohle o batla ho robala, takatso ea botona kapa fokotseha, empa ha ho mo thuse hore a lahleheloa ke boima ba 'mele. Ho otla ha pelo tsitsitseng, empa ea liehang, le sa foleng, pipitlelano. Ka linako tse ling thyroid tsoelesa, matšoao a eo mafu a amanang le myxedema, e ka boela ea hanyenyane e ile ea eketseha. Leha ho le joalo, hypertrophy ena ha e tsoela pele e le thyrotoxicosis.

A boemong bo khethehileng ho etsahala ha ho na le ke thatafatsa ea thyroid tsoelesa e. A ketsahalo tšoanang le hlaha ka thyroiditis autoimmune, eo hape ho thoeng ke "goiter Hoshimoto", hammoho le sa foleng fibrous thyroiditis, kapa "goiter Riedel". Phello qetellong ke bobeli pathological dithulaganyo tloswa glandular thyroid dinama tse nyenyane tse connective dinama tse nyenyane tse e leng tlhaho hlahisa thyroid li-hormone e ka ha ho joalo. mafu tsena tse peli tse etsang hore bakuli bokooa. Ba lokela ho lula ho le farologantswng la ho tloha e re kankere.