The setlama hysopa: jala le ho hlokomela, ho hōla ho tloha peo

Monko o monate 'me lipalesa sebakeng ho potoloha ntlo, ka serapeng kapa ka hare ho naha - e le toro mong le e mong o. Doubly thaba ha dimela ba na le, e seng feela e le mosebetsi le khabisitsoeng le, empa hape e leng tsa bohlokoa. Boeta-pele ba itseng versatility ke litlama. Ba seng feela rua molemo, empa hape khabisa serapeng ponahalo ka eona qalong le ba ruileng monko. Har'a dingongoreho tseo Herb hysopa. Jala le ho hlokomela, ho hōla ho tloha dipeo le litšobotsi tse ling tsa itse ho ikatisa dimela - tsohle ena e tla tšohloa hamorao sehloohong sena.

Kabo le ekolotsi

Hysopa kopanya le eona e mosa ea lihlahla dwarf le litlama le tatso matla ea lelapa Lamiaceae. Di tšoauoa ka ba bolelele nyenyane (50-60 cm), 'me makhasi a molelele kapa guttate sebopeho haholo with bakoang ena.

Hysopa ke letsoalloa ho Asia, Leoatleng la Mediterranean, Russia (karolong lona European, Caucasus le ka bophirimela ea Siberia). Ho khetha matsoapong majoe, masabasabeng ommeng le maralla, hammoho le mobu hlephileng. Sena ke o babatsehang mahe a linotsi semela.

Hysopa le moriana thepa ba 'nile ba tsebileng ho tloha mehleng ea khale, ha ho buuoa ka lekhetlo la pele e ngotsoeng ea joang bo ka Bibeleng. Ka lijalo horticultural atileng ka ho fetisisa hysopa officinalis.

tlhaloso botaniki

Hysopa officinalis (lema, tlhokomelo tla tšohloa hamorao) e abuoeng ka ho Afrika le Eurasia. Semela ke shrub hore e ntse e hōla ho tloha cm, 20 ho ea ho 80. Motso ho na le Woody, molamu foromo. Ho tloha ho e Woody tse ngata bakoa tetrahedral, hanyenyane pubescent kapa hoo e ka bang hairless.

Makhasi ba lokisetsa oppositely le hoo e batlang e lula ka bakoang li lanceolate, metshetshe bona hanyenyane phuthetsoe fatše. Tabeng ena, e ka tlaase makhasi a hanyane kholoanyane apical.

O molelele o nyoloha inflorescence sheba le khabisitsoeng le. Whisk ka mebala e hangata ka ho fetisisa e putsoa kapa bopherese Hue, ke ka seoelo e tšoeu kapa pinki.

litholoana o na le mohaho o rarahaneng. Cenobia na le a mane fruitlets lekanang oreshkovidnyh le sebopeho trihedrally-ovoid. Lipalesa nako e telele - ho tloha July ho September.

Spicy monko oa mofuta tsoakiloeng (ka turpentine bonfanti garage), tart tatso le hlollang makgetha a ho folisa - ke ntho e ka e ananela hysopa. Lema le ho hlokomela tsa naha e sabaletseng, e le busa, le se ke la etsa hore mathata, kahoo hōla e nyenyane empa e molemo shrub setšeng le mong le e mong ka khonang.

Mefuta e le mefuta e sa tsoaneng

Ntle le hysopa lithethefatsi, ka setso sa tsejoa e le Cretaceous le anise. Ha tsebo motho ho kopanya le tsona habonolo lekana:

1. Hysopa Cretaceous ke mefuta e sa tloaelehang le sireletswa ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book ea Ukraine le Russia. Lebitso ipuella - ke oa pele oa ho hlaha ka mobu chalky ea limela tsohle.
2. monko o bath, ha ho hodisa trituration, lavender le lipalesa mofuta o nang le anisic hysopa.

Lema le ho hlokomela mefuta eohle tse tharo ho feletseng fapana.

Breeders hulwa limaraka tse fapa-fapaneng, e leng fapana har'a bona haholo-holo 'mala oa lipalesa. Seo ke tummeng ka ho fetisisa:

• "Tumellano" - ea lithethefatsi, le monko oa yl, komello manganga le shoeng. The dimela e bopa lihlahla phahameng ho cm, 80, palo ea letlobo - ho fihlela ho likotoana 25. Lipalesa pinki, tse nyenyane.
• "Pink moholi" - karolelano nako ea le nonofo ya mmele, e reretsoe ho sebelisoa ka ho pheha le ho Canning. The dimela fihla ba bolelele ba cm, 50, letlobo tšesaane, empa rekere, lipalesa tse nyenyane li penta ka bosetlha pinki mmala. Ho na le ho hanyetsa phahameng ho maemo a fapa-fapaneng a tikoloho. Ho komello manganga, mocheso le hysopa batang ho mamella (temo, ho lema le tlhokomelo - tekanyetso).
• "Nikita White" (e bontšitsoeng ka photo photo photo photo mona ka tlase) - srednerosloe sehlopheng (ho fihlela ho 55 cm,), semela e bopa e lihlahla diseke ee, lipalesa nako (matsatsi a 75-80).
• "Serame" - shrub bophahamong tloha cm, 40 ho ea ho 70 le otlolohile letlobo morung diseke ee. Meroho e na le monko o matla, a re hopotsang monko oa rosemary hlaha. The tse fapa-fapaneng o na le lihlahisoa tse phahameng tsa boima tala, lipalesa tse nyenyane, palo pherese mala o.

Beha setšeng le mobu

Hysopa le hoja nako e telele ho tloha ikamahanya le maemo a rona a klimate a ntse ke letsoalloa la mofuthu Mediterranean tlelaemete, eo e lefisang letšoao ngollana ka litšobotsi tsa ho lema tsa lona. The dimela khetha libaka chabile ka leralleng le tse nyenyane.

Hysopa ho mobu ha ka ho khetheha ela hloko, ditlhoko tsa motheo - lightness, moea le e lumellang metsi ho kena mongobo, ba itsoara joang ka seaplane se nke lehlakore ho hanyenyane alkaline. Ho ke ke ha bohlale ho lema le libakeng tseo moea batang le ngotse hangata a hlokomela, metsi ema felo gotee le waterlogging.

Officinalis hysopa: lema le ho hlokomela sethopo

Peō ea limela li hlalosoa ka nako e telele a boloke matla a bona a ho mela le ho ba a loketse bakeng sa lema ka lilemo tse 3-4 ka mor'a kotulo. Bakeng sa hysopa sebelisa mekhoa e 'meli - sethopo le nonseedlings. Matsatsi ao jalang dipeo - ka halofo e qalang ea March le April le May, ka ho latellana.

Ha ho hōla lipeo, o lokela ho qala ka ho lokisa mobu. Ho molemo ho sebelisa itokiselitse entsoeng, bonolo le tse matlafatsang. Tšela e evenly ka mabokose a sa tebang, etsa grooves 1-1.5 cm, tebileng 'me evenly aba dipeo. Ka mor'a e 'maloa ea makhasi tsena hlaha, ho ke ke ho hlokahala hore ho ikakhela hysopa. Lema le ho hlokomela tsa mathomo nakong e tlang.

Lenngoeng lipitsa motho ea limela peat-humus kapa polasetiki linoelo lokela ho nosetsa kamehla. Beha ba sebakeng se le chabile 'me mofuthu. Pele lulisa, u ka qeta mong manyolo rarahaneng menontsha matsoai. sethopo fatše lenngoeng ka matsatsi a 45-60 ka sethaleng 5-7 lekhasi.

Ho ke ke ho hlokahala ho latela sekemeng ho qoba thickening. le palo e fokolang ea bakoa e tla hlaha ka selemo sa pele, empa ho tloha palesa ea bobeli e khōlō ka le atile. Lihlahla tsofala le lilemo, 'me sena se ba fetohile makhasi nyenyane le lipalesa, e le semela buelloa ho nka sebaka tse ntjha ka mor'a lilemo tse 4-5.

Ka ho toba ka dipeo fatše hysopa di jaloa ho elella bofelong ba April le mathoasong a May, ha mobu oa iphuthumatsa fihlela lekana. Botebo ba tiiso - 0.5-0.7 cm,, le sebaka se pakeng tsa le mela e le -. 50-60 cm, letlobo hlaha ka mor'a libeke tse 1-2. Ha limela tla ba makhasi a le lilemo li tseletseng 'nete, ba lokela ho thinned ka ntle, ba siea e leng sebaka sa ka bang 20 cm, pakeng tsa Maemong motho.

Features ya temo

E mong oa litlama a ikokobelitse nkhang hamonate ka serapeng - ena ke hysopa. Lema le ho hlokomela bakeng sa hae, e le hore u bone, mathomo. Nakong ea le ntseng le hōla nako e lekaneng ea setlama-bethe ea mofoka, ka lokolla mobu.

Nosetsa ha baa lokela ho hlekefetsoa. Ho lekane makhetlo 2-3 fetang nako kaofela, tekanyo ka 1 sq. m -. 15-20 a etsang dilitara tse. Bakeng sa lithunthung le ngata hlokahala hoetla cropping. Theha morung hemispherical sebopeho, ba siea letlobo ho ba bolelele ba 12-15 cm,. Ha sebaka seo e ntse e hōla mefuta e sa tsoaneng e 'maloa ea hysopa, ho hlokahala hore ho ka thōko ho tloha nngwe le e nngwe tse ling tse, e le limela tse ka potlako haholo pereopylyayutsya.