Russia Black Sea Fleet: ea ho hlophisoa le lethathamo la likepe

Ka mor'a liketsahalo tsa 2014 Crimea hape hapa tlhokomelo ea seng feela Marussia, empa hape, mohlomong, lefatšeng ka bophara. 'Me e ke ha feela ka mahlabisa-lihlong a theha mokhatlo oa lipolotiki pakeng tsa linaha tse peli - Russia le Ukraine. 'Me ha ho eo ba swiftness le tseo Russia e tshwerweng Crimean tshebetso. Le hore ka mor'a ho khutla la Crimean Russia Black Sea Fleet O fumane bophelo bobeli.

Ho ke ho sephiri hore nakong ea lilemo tsa beng ka Ukraine Crimean lebōpong le Crimean ntshetsopeleng haholo khoehlisa, le chelete ho sechaba matlotlo bakeng sa tokiso ea hloahloa ea abelwa bo bonyenyane haholo. Sena hape ama makalana sesole sa metsing Crimea. Sehlooho sena se leka ho hlalosa hore na ho tla ba le Russia e na le ho ntshetsa pele Black Sea Fleet ka Crimean hloahloa.

Balaklava koung. A histori hanyane

Re tseba histori e taelo ea tšimo e le Crimea tlile tlasa beng ba Russia, ho ke ke ka sekepe Balaklava Bay Russia Black Sea Fleet ne malala. Ho tloha ka 1776 Balaklava Segerike infantry battalion ile sebakeng sena. Motheong oa battalion ena ne bajaki, barupeluoa ba protivoosmanskogo bofetoheli ka lihlekehleke tsa Leoatle la Aegean. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore boholo Tsarina Catherine e Moholo, ho ile ha hlokomeloa molemong oa bona ea sebete Bagerike.

From 1853 ho 1856, nakong ea Crimean ntoa, Balaklava Bay 'me ba haptjoa ke mabotho a Brithani. Ba reteleha ka Balaklava Bay botlaaseng sesole 'me, ha e le hantle, se entsoe ka litlhaselo le tšehetso sesole o ne o le thibelloa ha Sebastopol.

Ka petsoha ha likepe pakeng tsa Ukraine le Russia ka la August 1994 e Black Sea Fleet Crimea ne kakaretso 153rd le 155th Brigade tsa Division bo14.

Ena Division ka 475 go th ne 14 go th kholo le 9th mahareng submarines le phaphametseng submarines botlaaseng.

Empa ke lokela ho bolela hore sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie "Zaporizhia" (Project 641), ceded ho Ukraine nakong ea karohano ea likepe, ba entsprechen botekgeniki bakeng polokelongtshedimosetso e ne e le tse sa lokelang.

'Me ka mor'a karohano ea likepe, o ile a ile a isoa koung ba bakeng sa ho lokisa, e ntse e leka ho tšoara Seukraine Navy.

Ka mor'a hore 1995 Russia Navy qetella a setseng metsi Ukraine, Balaklava botlaaseng ile oa khaotsoa. Le mo sebele "beng" ba ne ba e-ba litsomi tsa tšepe ferrous le nonferrous, ka e le setsi se na le inventory le leholo la thepa le mechine.

'Me ka mor'a nako e khutšoanyane ea nako ha Russia Black Sea Fleet setseng metsi paballo ya naha ya Ukraine, Balaklava botlaaseng e ne e le pono sithabetsang.

Ho boetse ho na le ntho e hlahloba motse le koung ea e-ba dimela ka tlas'a lefatše bakeng sa ho tsosolosoa le ho lokisa tsa submarines Black Sea Fleet. Top-lekunutu botlaaseng ile ka mafolofolo sebelisoa ke Soviet Union nakong ea Ntoa ea Mantsoe 'me ka lebenkeleng ba libetsa tsa nyutlelie.

Molemo tshebediso ya botlaaseng lekunutu, empa ho phetha maeto a sesole sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie botlaaseng bahahlauli, ba boholong Seukraine ha fumanoa.

Ho arola Black Sea Fleet

lumellana ka mokhoa o le maemo Russia Black Sea Fleet lula e metsing ka paballo ya naha le likoung tsa Ukraine ile a saena ka Kiev ka 28 May 1997, ka lebaka la tumellano makala a fapaneng. Hape boletsweng ya maemo a ho arohana ha Black Sea Fleet le metsana ea amanang le karohano ena. litokomane tsena di go baakanngwa ke State Duma le Paramente Seukraine ka 1999

tumellano etsa hore ho khonehe ho arola Russia Black Sea Fleet le Seukraine Navy. Botlaaseng khōlō le ntlo-khōlō, ho ile ha etsoa qeto ea ho tlohela Sevastopol. A thepa phehisano ne e lokela ho elwa tumellano akhaonteng ka arola thepa. Russia ka tsela eo tloha 87,7% le Ukraine - 12,3% ya lijana tsohle.

Nakong ena e lumellana boemo ea molao oa Black Sea Fleet le qetello lona morago ga moo, ka ho hlakileng, amehile hampe haholo bokgoni bona ntoa. Ba bangata ba tsoang 1991 ho 1997. ketsahalo e nkoa e le 'nete hore ho Black Sea Fleet Russia e butle empa ka sebele shoa.

Black Sea Fleet ka Glance ka

Papiso ea sebopeho tlhamiwe ba nako ena ka se matlafatsa morale ba basebetsi ba.

Ho joalo, ho bapisa palo.

1. The Black Sea likepe ka 1991:

- Basebetsi - batho ba 100 likete ..

- Palo ea likepe - 835 le lihlopha tsohle tse teng:

• submarines - 28;
• lerumo cruiser - 6;
• ba khahlanong le cruisers - 2;
• Bol II boemo, destroyers le likepe paterole II sehlopheng - 20;
• TFR - 40 diyuniti;
• nyane likepe lerumo le likepe - 30;
• tsoasang litlhapi ka letlooa - 70;
• amphibious likepe - 50;
• Sesole sa metsing tsamaiso ea lifofane - ho feta diyuniti tse 'nè.

2.Chernomorsky Russia likepe ka selemo sa 1997:

• Palo ea basebetsi - batho ba 25 likete .. (Ho akarelletsa 2 sekete. Man ka ntoa lifofane le Marine botseta).
• Palo ea likepe - 33.
• Sefofaneng ka likepe ka - 106 (tseo ka tsona 22 ntoa).
• likoloi Armored - 132.
• Taelo ea posts by - 16 (e ne e le 80).
• mehaho e le puisano e - 11 (ho tloha 39).
• Electronic libaka tsa tšebeletso - 11 (e ne e le 40).
• Beha dintho morao - 9 (50).
• Sekepe ho lokisa mehaho ea - 3 (7).

Ka karolo 1997 ea Navy Seukraine ne:

• Likepe tsa ntoa - 30.
• Submarines - 1.
• Combat lifofane - 90.
• Special morero oa likepe - 6.
• ho etsa bonnete ba Lekhotla le - diyuniti 28.

Puso jwale ya Black Sea Fleet

Black Sea Military Fleet tsa Russia kamehla e 'nile ea le o hlola ka ho e mong oa mabaka a ka sehloohong sa botsitso le tšireletseho tse ka boroa litaelo sea-eang. Black Sea Fleet likepe tsa ntoa feela etsa sohle se khoneha ho etsa bonnete ba hore mesebetsi tsena ke ka ho meeli ea Leoatle le Letšo le la Mediterranean.

Empa Black Sea likepe ke kgona ho etsa mesebetsi ntoa le hape ka libaka tse fapaneng tsa leoatle.

Russia Black Sea Fleet likepe ho katleho etsa mesebetsi ka Leoatle la Japane, ho sebelisana le la Baltic Fleet. Lekhotla la sehlopha hore kopanela tshebetso ho tsamaisa likepe tokiso ho tsamaisa libetsa tsa lik'hemik'hale Syria ka Leoatleng la Mediterranean.

Ka motheong oa le tsoelang pele ho tiisa hore Black Sea Fleet likepe ba atlehileng ho mathata a ho loantša piracy.

Eketsa boemo ba ntoa

Crimea Khutlela ho sebōpeho sa Russia e tla ha ho pelaelo hore ntlafatsa ntoa katleho tsa Black Sea Fleet. Russia ka lebaka la rerile ne le monyetla oa ho hantle ntshetsa pele Navy ka Crimean hloahloa.

Mabotho a sesole sa metsing tla kenngoa ka Crimea, tsamaiso e kopaneng, e akarelletsang le makalana naha. Russia Black Sea Fleet e fumanweng botlaaseng sehloohong tsa bodulo sa likepe - Sevastopol.

melao-motheo ea litsamaiso tsa bodulo thehiloeng le tsa dibopeho tsa motheo sesole sa metsing - ho khotsofala le tshebetso e. O tla hloka ho boela hlomella ka sebaka tse thehiloeng holim'a likepe le submarines, e lebōpong la leoatle mabotho tshireletso tsohle ho hlokahala hore ho fana ka tšebeletso ea ka ho feletseng le bophelo.

List of Black Sea Fleet likepe

The buka hlahisa ya data tse qaqileng tseo re ka li hakanya hore na Russia Black Sea Fleet kajeno.

Lenale la tefo holim'a likepe thirtieth karohano:

• Balebeli ba lerumo cruiser "Moskva".
• "Kerch" - kholo antisubmarine sekepe.
• Watchdog sekepe "Sharp-witted".
• Patrol sekepe "OK".
• Patrol sekepe "rata ho tseba lintho".

Sebopeho sa lulisa likepe 197th Brigade:

Large amphibious likepe:

• "Nikolai Phylchenkov".
• "Orsk".
• "Saratov".
• "Azov".
• "Novocherkassk".
• "Cesare Kunikov".
• "Yamal".

Sebopeho sa 68 go th Brigade Balebeli likepe:

Nyenyane antisubmarine likepe:

• "Aleksandrovets".
• "Muromets".
• "Suzdalets".

Leoatle tsoasang litlhapi ka letlooa:

• "Kovrovets".
• "Ivan Holubec."
• "Turbinist".
• "Motlatsi Admiral Zhukov."

Submarines:

• "Rostov-on-Don" - B237.
• "Novorossiysk" - B261.
• (Ex- "Zaporozhye") - B435.
• "Alrosa" - B871.

Lerumo likepe 41st Brigade:

• "Bora".
• "Sandstorm".
• "E nang le khutso".
• "Mirage dragon".

Sebopeho sa 295-th, karohano Sulina:

Lerumo likepe:

• "P-60".
• "P-71".
• "P-109".
• "P-239".
• "Ivanovets".

Sebopeho sa 184th Brigade (Novorossiysk)

likepe Antisubmarine:

• "Povorino".
• "Yeisk".
• "Kasimov".

tsoasang litlhapi ka letlooa:

• "Zheleznyakov".
• "Valentín Pikul".
• "Motlatsi Admiral Zakhar'in".
• "Matsoai Metsi".
• "Molefothenente Ilyin."
• "RT-46".
• "PT-278".
• "D-144".
• "D-199".
• "D-106".

Ho ne ho sa hlokahale hore ba batla sebaka moo ntlo-khōlō ea Russia Black Sea Fleet tla behoa. Sevastopol e ne e le se loketseng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa (ka sebaka se le seng moo, ho fihlela March 19, 2014 e se e beha le ntlo-khōlō ea Navy Seukraine).

Litebello bakeng sa ntshetsopele ya sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie likepe

Mora makhotleng a ka Black Sea karolo e hlometse ka ho sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie - disele "Alrosa".

Ho fihlela joale, Russia e na le lenaneo la ho Phase bokgoni sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie mabothong a hlometseng a Black Sea Fleet. Sephetho sa ho kenya tshebetsong boiteko bona, Russia e Black Sea Fleet sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie ba tla bona se ka 2016.

Ka nako ena ho lebeletsoe phethoa submarines tse tsheletseng tse ncha disele. replenishment ena ea sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie likepe tla radically fetola ho leka-lekana mabotho a ka Leoatle le Letšo.

BSF tla hona joale ba khona ho rarolla mathata a fapa-fapaneng ka bolibeng ka tlas'a metsi le ho etsa lihlopha ho finyella sepheo sa ntoa.

Tlelella matsatsi a kena submarines tse fapaneng. Ka mohlala, se 22 Phato 2015 St. Petersburg holisitsoe ke folakha St. Andrew o ka disele-motlakase sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie "Novorossiysk". Ka mor'a liteko tletseng tekanyo e ka leoatle mefuta e fapaneng ya e ka Leboea ea Fleet, o ne a ha ho pelaelo hore ho lebisoa ho site ya lapeng nako e telele.

The sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie tse tharo tsa letoto la lijana bakeng sa Black Sea Fleet tsa lenaneo 636 - "Stary Oskol" - ile a qala ka la 28 August, 2015 Ka mor'a tshebetso le naha ea teko e rarahaneng "Stary Oskol" e tla nka sebaka sa eona e le karolo ea ho Black Sea Fleet.

Empa e le hore hase bohle. Tsoela pele phethoa ho sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie vela, "Krasnodar" 'me le ntse ho tlatswa qala "Rostov-on-Don".

Ba tla beha submarines tse peli tsa morero ho matlafatsa Black Sea Fleet sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie - "Kolpino" le "The Great Novgorod".

All 6 submarines "636 disele" lenaneo - motlakase le ho fihlela 2016 ba tla isoa Russia Black Sea Fleet. Basebetsi ba submarines tsena Ho thehoa le koetlisitsoeng litsing koetliso ea Navy.

lifofane mokatong thehiloeng

Ke 'nete hore Black Sea likepe e tlameha ho ba le mokato lifofane feletseng. Hona joale ho ka etsahala hore eketsa tekanyo ea likepe nchafatsa sesole sa metsing ea lifofane. E rerile ho fetola Su-24 lifofane e ncha ea Su-30 MS.

Hape ke habohlokoa hore ba se ke lebala hore ka Crimea ke e ikhethang sete ya dikgwele. Ka lilemo tse ngata, lifofane microcyteme thehiloeng lifofane tsa Northern Fleet ka Crimea ba honed tsebo ea bona ea ho rarahaneng ena e ikhethang.

Hape ho eketsa tekanyo ea ho lokisa oa likepe o teng ka Black Sea Fleet. All sena se tla ho dumella ho finyella boemong ba esale pele le ho fana ka lifofane Russia Black Sea Fleet. Sebopeho sa lifofane loketse ho phetha mision ntoa ho ba ka hare ho 80% ya tjhelete e hlokahala.

Recreating tsamaiso ea thehiloeng

E lokela ho didirisiwa tse ka Crimean Hloahloeng, tsamaiso ea lapeng hore e tla kopana ditlhoko tsohle tsa tshebetso ya mision ntoa tikolohong eo.

botlaaseng Home le eme Sevastopol, ka lintho tse tšoanang bakeng sa dulang tsa Black Sea Fleet tla malala.

Tlhokahalo ea ka sehloohong bakeng sa tsamaiso ea placement thehiloeng ke boipuso ka ho feletseng ka lebaka la tshebetso e le ho khotsofala. Koung, moo Russia Black Sea Fleet tla behoa, ea ho hlophisoa sa likepe, ka bobeli holim'a le ka tlas'a metsi, e tla fana ka lintho tsohle tseo u lokelang ho li etsa e le tšebeletso e feletseng le bophelo.

Ho joalo le ka dimela e Crimea ka nako lekgutshwane tla hloma libaka joalo tlhahiso ea hore o ne a tla kopana le ditlhoko morao-rao le theknoloji e. E le hore re sebeletse likepe Newest, eo fihla ka Serussia Black Sea likepe, e qala ka oo tlhomelwa Phetolo ya thepa e ncha mochine.

Joale, 'muso kgwebo sebopego se se tshwaraganyang ka Sevastopol ho toba le tla phela. Ho 'nile ha lokisoa tse peli tse khōlō-ba khahlanong le sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie likepe tsa Northern Fleet (ke karolo ea mosebetsi o matla a ho Navy Leoatleng la Mediterranean).

Hape ho dimela a sebetsa ho lokisa ka disele sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie "Alrosa". Ho phaella moo, re lokela ho hlokomela hore moputso oa basebetsi e se tlisoa ho boemo tsohle-Serussia.

Hona joale Russia Black Sea Fleet ka Sevastopol fumana morao-rao ho lokisa ho lefisa.

Mosebetsi oo o ntse o etsoa ka Novorossiysk ka lenaneo muso targeted tse tla ba teng ka ho fihlela 2020. Tlas'a lenaneo, e fana ka kaho Novorossiysk libaka tsa dulang ba mabotho a Black Sea Fleet. Ka tsela e tšoanang, hammoho le Sevastopol, koung ka seoelo terata libongo lona, ka sebele e tla ea ntoeng saeteng mong dulang sa likepe Russia le submarines.

hlomella likepe tsa Black Sea Fleet

Ho netefatsa polokeho ya tsamaya sebakeng Black Sea, la Seoa Sea Fleet tla hydrographers mefuta e fapaneng e khōlō ea mesebetsi. Ho tla ba ho hlokahala hore ho khanna lithuto tsa akaretsang ya metsi mabopong, e leng tla etsa hore phetoho ea limmapa e tsamaya. Phagocytal likepe phuputso e entsoeng BSF hlahloba ea ka tšebetso ea tsamaiso ea-le-moea tsamaya, lateloa ke ho lokisa 'me modernization.

Ena e rarahaneng eohle ea mesebetsi e tla haholo ama polokeho ya tsamaya sebakeng seo, le eena, a tla boloka Russia e Black Sea likepe, entsoe ka likepe lula ntlafalitsoeng.

Ho joalo, e le hore ho hlomella e rarahaneng submarines ka tlas'a metsi le likepe holim Black Sea Fleet tla eketswa ke lijana tse tšeletseng, e leng se tla ha ho pelaelo hore ba le tšusumetso e ntle ho bokgoni tshireletso le lumella ho etsa mesebetsi e seng feela ka sebakeng seo a boikarabelo, e leng lumella Black Sea Fleet, empa hape linaheng tse ling.