Renal khatello. Matšoao le 'nete hore ea tleleniki ea lefu lena

Renal khatello, matšoao a ba tsona li thehoa tsa plurality mabaka ke hantle le kgatelelo ya madi-hlohlelletsoa renal parenchymal lefu kapa lijana renal. 30-35% ya batho ba nang le kgatelelo ya madi na pataganeng lefu a liphio, hobane ba e ho na le ke le matla 'me e ntseng e eketseha, khatello hobane khatello le liphio ba atisa ho tla ama.

Nephrogenic kgatelelo ya madi e arotsoe mefuta e 'meli: renovascular le parenchymal le ba bobeli ama khatello renal. Matšoao a ena e ka ba tse sa hlakang haholo le hangata fositse bakeng sa maloetse a mang. Renovascular kgatelelo ya madi develops e loketseng ho unilateral kapa omimvo stenosis kapa occlusion tsa mothapo le renal le makala a sona. Renovascular kgatelelo ya madi ka ba ka bobeli tlhaku e fumanweng le tlhaho. Parenchymal kgatelelo ya madi, maemong a mangata, a bakoa ke pyelonephritis omimvo foleng kapa mafu a mang a liphio, e kang nephrolithiasis (liphio majoe), lefuba, dithulaganyo hlahala, cysts, hydronephrosis, polycystic le mafu a mang a 'maloa.

Ka kakaretso, renovascular kgatelelo ya madi le hlaha ka 5-12% ya batho ba nang le kgatelelo ya madi. Ho na le tse 'maloa tse khōlō congenital lisosa tsa kgatelelo ya madi renovascular, tse akarelletsang: aneurysm, dysplasia le tse ling tse anomalies pathological tsa methapo ea renal, arteriovenous fistula. Har'a ka mabaka a itseng mefuta e fumanweng renovascular kgatelelo ya madi ke: renal mothapo stenosis ka lebaka la atherosclerosis, fetola methapo renal ka lebaka la ho tsoela pele ho li Nephroptosis, embolism kapa thrombosis tsa methapo ea renal kapa makala a bona, panarteriit, compression ea mothapo kantle a liphio (lihlahala, cysts le tse ling. le d.).

Matšoao a le liponahatso tsa tleleniki ea kgatelelo ya madi renovascular

Renovascular kgatelelo ya madi le hlaha har'a lihlopha tsohle lilemo empa ke atileng ka ho fetisisa ho batho ba ka tlas'a lilemo tse 50 ba lilemong tsa ho (93% ya maemong 'ohle). The diso o tloaelehileng haholo oa mothapo le renal ke atherosclerotic sclerosis. Ea mofuta ona e lefu e haholo-holo a fumanoa har'a ba batona ba lilemo li le lilemo li 35 ho 40. Ho basali ba, ba ka sehloohong etiological Ntlha e ka ntshetsopele ya lefu lena le ke fibromuscular renal mothapo stenosis le tloaelehile har'a banana.

khatello ea Renal, matšoao a tse tšoauoa ka qala ka tšohanyetso 'me ka potlako (tseo hangata bolaeang, ka 18-30% ea linyeoe) phallo. Kgatelelo ya madi e tsamaea le maemo phahameng haholo ea khatello ea diastolic (110-125 limilimithara Hg kapa ho feta); seoelo a ka bakela tlokotsi. Renovascular kgatelelo ya madi e lemoha hore hangata ke hlaheloa ke kotsi.

tlhathoba

Ho lemoha boteng ba kgatelelo ya madi renovascular lokela ho feta mekhahlelo e meraro ea thuto. Mokhahlelo oa pele o ikemiselitse ke ho hlokahala aortography. Ho etsa sena, bokella histori e qaqileng ea bongaka, kakaretso tšebeliso ea tleleniki mekhoa e meng. histori e atisa ho tšoauoa ka ho ba sieo ha mofuta lefa la lefu lena le, e leng ketsahalo e sa kgatelelo ya madi ka mor'a ho utloa bohloko ka sebakeng lumbar. khatello ea Renal, matšoao a tse lerootho, ho ke ke le thata haholo ho ho fumanoa le ho hloka kalafo hang-hang ho ngaka ka matšoao pele.

Mokhahlelo oa bobeli ho akarelletsa ho phetha aortography le arteriography ya liphio le, haeba u hlokomela liphetoho leha e le efe liphio, mali e tlosoa ho methapong ea renal. Mali a hlahloba bakeng sa mosebetsi lero la mali renin ka bohato bo latelang tekotshupo.

Mokhahlelo oa ho qetela ea phuputso e entsoeng ke ho leka ho theha kamano ea kgatelelo ya madi ho tloha diso ka khetholloa ka mothapo ho renal. Ho paka ntlha ena ea pono ea mekhoa sebediswa isotope renografii, eksretornoy urography le mosebetsi ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa renin. Ka la 8-10% ea bakuli ba be le matla peeletso ajoa, eo compensates bakeng sa kholofalo tshebetso ya liphio ameha.

kalafo

Renal khatello ea kalafo setso meriana e neng e ka feela etsa hore mathata a tebileng, o lokela ho khalemeloa ka tsela ya ho kenella ho buoa, e reretsoe ho tsosolosa phallo ea mali ea methapo ya sehlooho renal.