Putorana Reserve. Mehloli ea Krasnoyarsk Territory

Located Putoransky State Nature Reserve libakeng a mabeli a Taimyr ikemetseng ka District - Khatanga le Dudinka, 'me hape ho sa Evenk ikemetseng ka okrug,, sebakeng Ilim. Reserve Center o feletseng Putoransky lithaba tsamaiso. Linaheng tse sireletswa ho ba le sebaka seo kakaretso ea ka 1,8 Mill. dihekthara tse.

libaka ena pafara e kenyeletsa kajeno 3 cordon: Dyupkun letšeng, letša le letšeng Dog Manumakli. Le 2 sepetlele bakeng sa merero ea lipatlisiso kateng: letšeng le letšeng Ayan Kutaramakan.

History pokello

Putorana Reserve (mapa ka holimo) ho ile ha thehoa ho tswa ho pokello ea lebitso tšoanang feela ka 1988, ho sa tsotellehe 'nete ea hore potso ea mokhatlo oa hae ba nka morao ka 1970. Ka selemo sa 2001, ho na le e ne e le ketsahalo ea bohlokoa - pokello e ile ya thontsweng bakeng sa boemo ba, e leng entitles mo ho ba har'a ba e mong oa ea tlhaho le setso lefa tsa UNESCO lefatše mokgatlo.

Putoransky pokello: tlelaemete

Ka Putoransky pokello tlelaemete fapane thempereichara e sharply kontinenteng le molumo phahameng. palo ena e ka bochabela ea 100 ° C, 'me ka leboea - 86 ° C. letsatsi Polar nka matsatsi a 74 (16 May - 29 July), le bosiu Polar - masiu a 56 (November 25 - 13 January).

Ka Putoransky sehlabeng e ka ho hlaka haholo bonahalang hahlaula bopa dikgaolo ke ke o ile a re mabapi le libaka tse ling tsa Russia. Likarolong tse fapaneng tsa naha ena e sehlabeng sa thehoa naha lona, haholo fapana har'a bona, ho sa tsotellehe 'nete ea hore sebaka seo ba na le e tšoanang Geological le morphological sebopeho. Sehlabeng e teng sebakeng sa motsoako oa longitude: le bolokolohi ba libakeng tsa tlhaho. Bakeng sa karolong e ka boroa e tšoauoa ka libaka tse futhumetseng le subarctic tlelaemete, e bolelang hore karolo ea moeli oa ba ka sehloohong mefuta e 'meli ea landschap amana le boemo bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa taxonomic.

mesebetsi batho

Putoransky lithaba tsamaiso, haholo-holo haeba re bua ka taba ena e ka boroa, e ka leboea le e ka bochabela likarolo, sebelisoa nakong e fetileng hantle haholo ho batho ba matsoalloa a moo ba sebakeng ka boitšoaro ba ho tšoasa litlhapi, ho tsoma le likhama husbandry. Joalo mekhoa tsa tšebeliso ea lirafshoa, setso bakeng sa Hōle North, o ile a pepesa ho ka nako eohle ka tsela e itseng ka limela le liphoofolo tsa lithaba sehlabeng. ka ho hlaka haholo tshusumetso ena anthropogenic ama phetoho ea lenane la mefuta e ba tlokotsing haholo, e le hore ka pele-pele e bua ka baahi ba Putoransky le linku tse ling bighorn.

Sephetho mpe ea lintho tseo batho ba

Ka Putoransky Reserve khahlehang hlaha mofuta Russia e-s'o ka e ne e le matla batho tshusumetso, e lumelloa ho pota phelang lintho tsa tlhaho setse hoo e ka bang senyeha. Sebakeng sena ba lintho tseo batho ba e bontšoa feela mosebetsi oa matsoalloa a moo le batho ho tšoasa litlhapi, ho tsoma le likhama alosa.

Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la tšusumetso ea haholo fokotseha palo ea endemics ea moo - Putoransky bighorn linku, hanyenyane ka tlase ho palo ea baahi e ile ea likhama, likhama tse hlaha, wolverines, mechalla, sables, liphokojoe le liphiri.

likhoebo le liindasteri tikolohong eo hanyenyane. Har'a bona, ntho e khōlō, eo e ama mofuta wa sebaka potolohileng paballo hampe, ke kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa meepo le metallurgical rarahaneng, teng ka Norilsk. Ho ke ke ha le hole le ho ka bophirimela haufi le leliboho Putorana Reserve, hoo e ka bang 150-200 km-hang. Ho kopanela ka kgwebo meepo metallic tšepe le lirafshoa, kahoo ho na le kamehla e hlahise mesi e kotsi moeeng ditshila a nang oxides ea tšepe e boima, sebabole, carbon le lerōle.

Ena eohle e ke le tšusumetso e mpe haholo ka tlhaho 'me qetellong e isa liphetoho ka limela tse karolong e ka bophirimela ea kamoo Putorana Reserve le pafara oa libaka. Ka lingoliloeng tsa saense, u tla fumana e ngata boitsebiso bo mabapi le sephetho sa mesi e kotsi le liindasteri tse dimela ea moo, ha ba ntse ba beheloa balaoli ba sa itšoareng ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa bona. Ho na le e-s'o hantle ka ho feletseng ka boholo ba sebaka seo e pepesehetse mesi e kotsi kotsi liindasteri. Ho ea ka ba bang likhakanyo sa pele sa mosebetsi oa morafo le Metallurgical Combine ka Norilsk hampe ama ka 1/10 lisekoere Putorana Reserve le 1/3 tsa libaka pafara.

likoluoa tsa tlhaho Beauty

pokello e bohareng tsa tlhaho Sepheo nkoa Putorana meholo. sehlabeng, e koahela e leng sebaka se ea hektare ka bang limilione tse 2,5. Ka Central Siberia e nkoa e le e khōlō ka ho fetisisa ke leraba basalt sehlabeng. Soviet Union ea mehleng ho na le moo e mong mofuta ona wa liphallelo. Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ka sehlabeng sa mesebetsi ya moruo ha ba atlehe historing ea kamehla.

beha dintho Hydrological ba emetsweng pokello li koaloa libeisine noka - Khatanga Pyasina le kholo ka ho fetisisa - Yenisei.

Maphurithane Reserve o na le liphororo tse ngata hore e fa botle a hlollang. Mona ke phahameng ka ho fetisisa le phororo e Russia (limithara tse 108).

matša a mangata Putorana Reserve tumme ka botebo lona ikhetha, 'me e moholo, ka hare ho limithara tse 180-420.

limela

Ka Putoransky pokello moo liphoofolo tse hlaha Russia e senola ka khanya eohle ea eona, ho na le 398 dimela e phahameng, le boikarabello bakeng sa 61% ya limela kakaretso ea sehlabeng sa. Har'a bona ho ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela limela seoelo kang Poppy belovoloskovy, disilipara bona, Rhodiola rosea le bophara-Asia. Ho boetse ho na tloaelehile haholo Putorana - mebala-bala Poppy, marigold le morao oxytrope Putoransky har'a tsamaiso ea tloaelehile haholo lithaba Byrranga le Putoran - fescue ushkovataya le tloaelehile haholo ho Siberia leboea hlahiswa dandelion longhorned, oxytrope Taimyr le Sitnic telele-nosed va.

liphoofolo tsa naha

Putorana Reserve kopanyang vertebrates taiga, tundra, moru le liphoofolo tse ling ho tloaelehile hore batho fumanoang lithabeng. Sehlabeng e leng moeli o ka leboea oa kabo ea mefuta e mengata, ho akarelletsa sable, Kangna, bokotokwe tloaelehileng, Elk, goshawk, moru Lemmings, grouse, capercaillie Lejoe le ba tloaelehileng, woodpecker, sitisa ho tsoela pele sephooko, ba sa utloeng litsebeng le cuckoo, mefuta e mengata ea passerine, Kulikova le liphoofolo tse ling.

sebakeng sena ke karolo e ka leboea ea Central Siberia ke kgolo nesting tšoeu-gelada ntsu le lenong. Ho isa karolong e ka boroa-bochabela ea bath nesting Little Curlew le e bohareng ba naha ena e sehlabeng sa Putorana lulang ho fetisisa ea baahi Putoransky le linku tse ling bighorn. Ke lehae la ho palo e khōlō ea libere, liphiri le wolverines, ho bapala ka biocenoses ea moo karolo ea bohlokoa.

Ikhetha, 'me hlollang haholo ketsahalo Putoransky pokello liphoofolo tse hlaha li nkoa ka linako tse itseng fallela ha palo e khōlō ea likhama tse hlaha. Karolo ea bohlokoa ea litsela le fallang sebakeng seo ke Putoransky sehlabeng eo ka eona e ntse e feta hoo e ka bang baahi bohle ba Taimyr likhama (ka 450-480 likete motho ka mong). Ka sehlabeng selemong ba ka la 5-6 likhoeli. Fetisa ka bohale ho ena le moqotetsane tsa pakeng tsa 100 le 150 km hona ho ka etsahala ho etsa qeto ea hore ho na le seo ho thoeng ke ho falla le kanaleng transmissive selemo le selemo ho 220 tse likete likhama tse hlaha.

Sehahabi: Siberia salamander

Ho phoofolo feela sehlopha sa sehahabi, ho fanoa ka Putoransky sehlabeng. The tloaelehileng mokgwa wa kaofela Russia taiga sebakeng, ho tloaelehile hore ho libakeng tse ka leboea ho ea le zounu morung-tundra, hoo e ka bang ho meeli ea eona ka leboea. Leha ho le joalo Siberia salamander e sa tloaelehang haholo bakeng sa karolong e ka leboea ea Krasnoyarsk Territory 'me hangata bo fumanwa feela finyellang e ka holimo la nōka ea Stony Tunguska merung phaene.

E bohareng ba Putorana Reserve mefuta ena digwagwa sibolloa July 1982 in Lake Harpicha. Ka lebaka leo, tabeng ea ho fumana ka boeena o Siberia salamander ka palo ea batho ba ba bane ka e le setsi sa Putoransky lithabeng tseo ho e bophahamong ba limithara tse 481 ke ntshetsopeleng bohlokoa haholo 'me e emela e thahasella ka ho khetheha ka ho ya ka zoogeography.

Tloaelehile haholo ho pokello ea - Putoransky bighorn le linku tse ling

Putorana Reserve ke sebaka se feela leo ho ahiloeng ho ke e mong oa ka ho fetisisa liphoofolo tse hanyane tsebahala lefatšeng - Putoransky bighorn linku, kapa bighorn. O ile a totobatsa mona ka subspecies e ka thoko, 'me e ne e akarelletsa ho Red Book tsa Soviet Union,' me hona joale Russia. Sebaka sa bolulo o - setsi sebakeng Putoransky lithaba, a le sebakeng sa makholo a km tswa kabo sebakeng subspecies tse ling lehloa linku.

Waterworld Putorana

Ka Putoransky pokello ea metsi a linōka e fumanoa mefuta e 36 ea litlhapi. E o ile a hlokomela mefuta e mona ngata tloaelehile haholo, tse kang Grayling, tsa whitefish le litlhapi Char. Boholo ba bona ba 'nile ba ithuta ho fihlela joale ha ea lekana, ha ho bona hore boemo ba bona taxonomic. Ho ba teng ha mefuta e mengata intraspecific haholo eketsa ho se tšoane ha paballo sebakeng litlhapi.

Ka sehloohong o ile a sireletsa mefuta

The liphoofolo tse anyesang haufi-ufi ho fetisisa lebeloa latelang: Collared lemming, linku bighorn, Elk, ermine, caribou, musk-Rat, sable, Kangna, sootho bere. Ea linonyana - phakoe, e monyenyane kapa o mosoeu, Hawk sephooko, tšoeu-gelada ntsu, sephooko Bearded, capercaillie tloaelehile hore batho ba le lejoe, o motsho Crane, goshawk, Swan nyenyane.

Ho fetisisa o ile a sireletsa mefuta tlhapi emeloang Siberia Grayling, tsa whitefish, tsa whitefish le Char Ussurijskim Arctic, 'me ha e le sehahabi, ho salamander le sirelelitsoe feela Siberia.

Mehloli ea Krasnoyarsk Territory

All sebakeng Krasnoyarsk na le lilemo tse supileng mehloli tlhaho. Lekala la Natural Resources le ecology naga e tsa Russia a etsa qeto ea hore ba ikopanye le mehloli Krasnoyarsk e ne e entsoe ka August selemong se fetileng. Putoransky, Taimyr, Great Arctic Nature Reserve Krasnoyarsk Territory ne ho kopantswe.

mehloli Taimyr ba le e ngata maeto bahahlauli. Ho matša, likhohlong, sehlabeng le mahaheng lithaba. Ho sa tsotellehe bohole ba sebaka sa palo ea baeti o hōla kamehla. taolo ya le mehloli ea Taimyr e ntshetswa pele merero ea latelang ea excursions bahahlauli: tikoloho, ketsahalo, thuto le ethno-bohahlauli.