Podkopaev, MI Systemic mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa Lentsoe Features

MI Podkopaev

Voronezh State Academy of Arts

System mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa Lentsoe Features

(Podkopaev, MI System mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa ea lentsoe mosebetsi // Lipotso lentsoe Thuto: Guidelines tsa mesuoe ea phahameng le se mahareng khethehileng diinstitusene tsa thuto Moscow - St. Petersburg, 2003. - S. 80 - 88).

E mong oa mesebetsi e ka sehloohong le e hlollang eo lintho tsa tlhaho filoe motho e puo utlwahala, ka ho khetheha, e khethehileng foromo lona - ho bina kapa ho bua lentsoe (poleloana e reng o ile a sebelisa ha ho bina ketsahalo e nkoa e ponong ea physiology kapa acoustics).

E o tsejoa hore lentsoe mosebetsi, eaba ba etsa e phetseng hantle karolo ea puo ea lentsoe, ha e na itseng anatomical tsamaiso ea lekala, eo ka kutloisiso e ka thata-thata ne a ka bitsoa makala a phonation. Bakeng sa mosebetsi ona motho a sebelisa ho hema, engole, ke hore,, ba boholong qalong ne a rerile hore ntho ea bohlokoa ho 'me habohlokoa le ho feta ka boleng ba lintho tse phelang tsa mosebetsi ya; phonation ba sebeletsa e le ha ke hlaheloa ke kotsi. Ha e kopana le 'mele tsena bakeng sa nako e telele e bitsoang sethusathuto lentsoe. Ho qetela bakeng sa sebini hase feela seletsa sa mosebetsi oa hae litsebi, empa e boetse e le ntho e ka ho toba pedagogical tšusumetso e ka tshebetso ya ho fuoa koetliso ea lentsoe. Kajeno tse seng kae ho pheha khang ea sengoloa hore tsebo ea melao-motheo ka sehloohong mesebetsi ea sethusathuto ea lentsoe, ke o mong oa maemo a bo hlokehang bakeng sa mosebetsi le atlehileng. ka pōpo lona. A.Varlamov ntse ho lona "Sekolo sa Binang" (1840) o ile a ngola: "E le hore ho fihlela fuoa koetliso ho bina ha unconsciously, o lokela ho theha e ka tsebo e nepahetseng ea le ho hema 'me mochine lentsoe le atamela ka melao ea motheo ea physiology ntse mele."

Hangata, anatomical le fisioloji maikutlo a ya sethusathuto lentsoe, libini, liithuti fumana e le karolo ea potoloho ea pedagogical ba laea motheo - tsela ea thekniki lentsoe. Ka lenaneo ka nako e khutšoanyane e abetsoeng, liithuti lokela ho amohela le ho assimilate a mangata bopaki bo tsoang human anatomy, physiology, acoustics le fumana e le maikutlo a ea sebopeho le mekhoa ea tšebetso ea sethusathuto ea lentsoe. Ka nako e tšoanang, boleng ba tsebo ena e lokela ho dumellana le maikemisetso a sebopeho sa e rutehileng le ba tšoanelehang litsebi, haholo-holo haeba sebini sa connects mosebetsi oa hae le pedagogy. Ho latela neano, ho ithuta karolo ena ea curriculum e hahiloeng ho tloha pono ea classic (lekala) physiology, ho itšetleha ka mokgwathupelo mehaho le katisediwa. Le boemong ba eona 'meleng oa motho e ka tloaelo se nkoa e le pokello ea' mele e sa tšoaneng, ho kopantswe neural le humoral (hormonal) molao oa tsamaiso. libuka leha e le efe ka kaheho, physiology, joalo-joalo hahiloeng ka molao-motheo oa lekala 'me u akarelletse likarolo tse ka tsamaiso ea motho anatomical - e leng, pelo, matšoafo, mesifa, endocrine, joalo-joalo Latelang tšoana sena, ho tloha mehleng M.Garsia lentsoe sethusathuto e nkoa e akarelletsa ho metsoako e latelang: "jenereithara" ea nang le molumo - laryngeal thae-morao (resonator) ya - tsa pharynx, ho nasal cavity ho sinuses paranasal, e leng "eneji, le" ea sesebediswa - e trachea, bronchi, matšoafo , ho hema mesifa, articulation makala - molomo. leleme meno, molomo, ka thata le mahalapa a le bonolo. Tabeng ena, ho bolela hore "likarolong tse tsohle le mesebetsi ea mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng ke kokangana le laoloa ke tsamaiso ea bohareng tšohile" (qotsitsoeng. Dmitriev LB, Telelyaeva LM, SL, joalo-joalo Taptapova phoniatrics le fonopediya .. - M., 1990 P.20) .. Empa seo kopanyang tsena 'mele ha ba na phonational khethehileng le bao e leng tsamaiso ea fapaneng anatomical, setshehetso se ka mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng, na seo mekgwa ya mokgatlo joalo le ho etsa bonnete ba botšepehi ba ea ka tšebetso ea sethusathuto le lentsoe? Manyolo le mehaho mokgwathupelo likarabo tsa lipotso tsena ha ho joalo. Tabeng ena, ho sebelisa mokhoa ona ho ithuta lentsoe (lentsoe) mosebetsi e fokolang 'me a batla a sa dumellane ka lebaka le amanang le tabeng ena e lekanyelitsoeng sebopeho sa baithuti ba hlahisang mokgatlo lehafing tsa sethusathuto ea lentsoe.

Tsela e feletseng le lecha le kutloisiso oa mesebetsi e fisioloji tsa postulated systemic a atamele, e le lilemong tsa morao tjena, ho ata ha le sebelisoa ka mokgwa wa ea saense. The physiology ya wa katamelo e hlophisitsoeng e thehiloeng khopolo ea ho tsamaiso ea tshebetso (ho TPS) ntshetswa Apprentice IP Pavlova - Academician PK Anokhin 'me a fumana e le ntshetsopeleng ea kajeno mesebetsing e se thaka ea hae - Academician KV Sudakova.

Ka teko pedagogical ka lefapha la lentsoe la Voronezh State Academy of Arts ke ea ka mongoli oa mosebetsi ona e ne e le ha a leka ho hlahisa metsoako ea TPS e le motheo oa methodological ea ho ruta mokhoa lentsoe le mokgwathupelo tsamaiso. Sepheo se seholo mosebetsi ona e ne e le ho ruta seithuti hore ho nahana pōpo, e 'ngoe ea likarolo tse bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa eo ke systemic.

Ka pampiri ena re thibela hore re tla hlalosa ka mantsoe a akaretsang ka phihlelo ea ho sebelisa melao le dipehelo tsa motheo ea tsamaiso TPS ho ithuta melao-motheo ea mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa lentsoe (lentsoe) mosebetsi monna.

Ho ena le ho ba khale physiology litho, latelang melao-motheo ea human anatomy), TPS phatlalatsa systemic mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa mosebetsi. PKAnohin pele ile a bua ka 'nete ea hore litsamaiso tsa lintho tse phelang, e seng feela lokisetsa thepa ea motheo motho leng ho tsona,' me li kopana le tsona e le hore ho fumana ba bang sephetho ka konkreiti ya mesebetsi, e leng ho phetha mesebetsi e itseng ea bohlokoa. Ka hona, le tsamaiso ea joalo ba bitsoa tshebetso. Ho latela Anokhin, tsamaiso ea ka physiology ba sete ya 'mele amanang mosebetsi itseng. Kahoo, ka lebaka la mesebetsi ea hlophisa oona tsamaisong kopanya likarolo motho ka kaofela, 'me e ka tsela eo ea isang ho mokokotlo lebaka. Ke ho fihlella ka lebaka itseng eketsa tsamaiso ea tshebetso (FS).

mosebetsi lentsoe, joaloka mesebetsi e meng eohle ea batho, e thehilwe hodima ka mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa systemic. Boemo pele ea tlhaloso ea mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng systemic mesebetsi lentsoe re sebelisa tenets tsa motheo tsa TPS. Ho tloaelehile hore ho tsohle oona tsamaisong faele ea 'mele, ba tloaelehileng bakeng sa FS phonation le puo ea lentsoe. Ka kakaretso, diteng tsa tenets motheo ea TPS fokotsa ho tse latelang. Mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa tsohle FS phelang o na le mofuta o tšoanang oa ho sebopeho, e leng ke tloaelehileng bakeng sa FS phonation. sebopeho sena se akarelletsa ka noute e bohareng le e dikarolo pheriferale le litokisetso:

Y lebaka la mosebetsi oa ka isang FS kgokahanyo ( "karete" lona) - ntho eo o ile a bōpa FS;

Y unit trust-fumana thepa (entsprechen) tsa sephetho fihlellwa tsa mosebetsi - receptors diphetho;

Y poeletsotlaleho metjha e hore fetisetsa tlhahisoleseding ho tsamaiso ea bohareng tšohile ka lebaka la ketso e le ditekanyetso tsa lebaka lena, leo ho etsa hore 'mele ka kakaretso ya ho hlahloba tekanyo ea ho atleha le ho boleng tsa liketso tsa lona;

Y bohareng kgokahanyo FS, e le hore tšebetso ea oona hokahangoa le emela mokhatlo oa metsoako ea maemo a fapaneng tsa tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng;

Y FS mekgwa phethahatso.

Phello ea pele ea mosebetsi oa e le ntlha e ka eo FS phonation le puo ea lentsoe ke sebopeho sa lentsoe tsela ea pontšo mexri, eo sebeletsa e le motheo oa se bakeng sa tshebetso qetellong - motho ka mong ho bina molumo phonemes binoa lentsoe, poleloana e reng. Ka prefinite, le mesebetsi qetellong lebaka FS na a 'maloa a divariabole ikemetseng, ke hore,, ke mnogoparametrichnymi. Ba bang ba bona etsa boitsebiso bo mabapi le sebōpeho sa lentsoe la mexri (mexri entsprechen) - bophahamo, matla spectral sebopeho (botenng kapa ba sieo ha le phahameng le / kapa e tlase ho bina formant, joalo-joalo). entsprechen tse ling li akarelletsa boitsebiso bo mabapi le ho phonemic sebopeho utloahalla - artikulyayurnye (kapa kinesthetic) entsprechen. Ntse haufi-ufi amanang le entsprechen mexri, e qetellang ho dumella ho khetholla le ho hlalosa moo le mokhoa oa ho ruta e phetseng hantle, ke hore, lekanngwang litšobotsi tsa bitsoa ea liluma-nosi le lilumisoa.

Ho bohlokwa ho ela hloko hore le ka lebaka la ditekanyetso ho fapana ha feela pakeng tsa lentsoe lentsoe le bina, empa hape ka hare ho mefutakwalo tse sa tšoaneng ea lentsoe - seakatemiki bina, Pop bina, setso ho bina, joalo-joalo entsprechen All ikemiselitse ke ka lebaka la mesebetsi ea dithulaganyo fisioloji le biophysical hore netefatsa phihlello lona, e leng: 1) phonation, eo e fana ka molokong o mong ka lentsoe le tsamaisanang le sebopeho lona mexri, le 2) articulation, eo e fana ka thuto le puo e hlalosang utloahala phonemic utloahalla sebopeho. Tumellanong le hoo a hlophisa le ho tse peli tse tshebetso subsystems - FS FS phonation le articulation.

Ka tsela eo ha ho khetha rotloetsa le litho tse fapa-fapaneng 'me lisele tse, e leng ho matleng a tsamaiso ea fapaneng anatomical ka FS tšoanetseng. Kenyelletsoa ha lintlha tsa makala a sa tšoaneng, e leng hammoho ba bitsoa sethusathuto lentsoe, e FS lentsoe e thehiloe molao-motheo oa khetha kopantseng ka makala a sa tšoaneng FS. Tabeng ena, 'mele oa tšoanang le ka ho matleng a FS multiple, ho phaella moo, a sa tšoaneng PES kapa PES subsystem mong (jwalo ka tabeng ea lentsoe FS) ho fihlela jwa dipoelothuto ka' na a sebelisa ba boholong fapaneng kapa se tšoanang. Tabeng ena, karolo e 'ngoe ea ka didirisiwa le lentsoe ho akarelletsa a mangata oa mesebetsi e amanang le phonation,' me ka kutloisiso ena e multifunctional. Ho itšetlehile ka tataiso ea seo FS kapa subsystem akarelletsa ho makala a sethusathuto ea lentsoe, ho e na le ditlhoko tse fapaneng, empa ke habohlokoa ho fumana feela thepa tseo eo e bontša ka boeona e ke ka FS ena.

Ka tsela ena, e 'ngoe le' mele ka tsela e tšoanang a fapaneng FS puo lentsoe fumanang thepa e khethehileng tse sa tšoaneng. Ka mohlala, trachea le bronchi li kenyelelitsoe FS le zvukogeneratsii phetha mesebetsi e meng, e bapisoa le trachea tšoanang le bronchi akarelletsa FS phonational respiration. Kapa lentsoe lemenong fapane ka ho feletseng bontša thepa ea lona tshebetso, e ne e akarelletsa, ka mohlala, ka tsamaiso faele ya articulation, moo ba bontša fonemoobrazuyuschaya mosebetsi, kapa FS zvukogeneratsii, moo ba ileng ba sebeletsa e le mohloli oa matla mexri. Ka ho tšoanang, mesifa ea matšoafo e leng karolo ea FS fapaneng tse amanang le phonation, e leng, FS phonational phefumoloho ba phetha mosebetsi pneumatici le FS articulation mekgwa amehang hyphenation.

FS phonation khetha ho kenyeletsa neural le maemo hormonal molao oa tsamaiso. Tsa morao tjena ka tsela eo e bontša hore e ikhethang "tokisetsong ena", khetha e entsoeng ka thyroid endocrine, gonads le litsoelesa adrenal. Tšohile mochine hlahiswa khetha kenyelletsoa ha lintlha tsa litsi tse sa tšoaneng methapo ea kutlo.

E mong le e elements e khetha akarelletsa FS phonation. sebelisana le likarolo tse ling tsa tsamaiso ea, ka mafolofolo kenya letsoho hore ho katleho ea sephetho e qetellang ea FS lona. Joalo dintho sebelisana FS ka TFS ile ea bitsoang vzaimosodeystviya (PKAnohin). Vzaimosodeystviya dikarolo feela ke boteng nutrisistemnyh litlamo le ka boeona e hlalosang mantsoe e hlalosa vzaimosodeystviya tšebetso oona tsamaisong molao oa tsamaiso.

tsamaiso e khopo efe kapa efe faele, ho akarelletsa le tsamaiso faele ea lentsoe, ke tsamaiso intša laolang. Boitšoaro ka FS e tiisa ka yuniti laoleng, hlahloba e le ka lebaka ho qetela. Ka sethusathuto ena ke lebaka la felloa le ditekanyetso tsa pheriferale dipheletso methapo ea kutlo - receptors, le hlahileng ka sethusathuto ea lentsoe, 'me distantly ho eena. Khouthollotsweng tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le lebaka la fihlellwa ke paramethara receptor kena litsi methapo ea kutlo loketseng ho tse (cortex, tsamaiso limbic fana maikutlo motsoako ka bolokolohi le ho bina, litsi tsa medulla oblongata). Thehiloeng ka boitsebiso bo amohetsweng ke khetha ho nna le seabe ka FS oa lentsoe le puo ea lentsoe mekhoa ea maemo a fapaneng tsa tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng tsa mobilizing makala phethahatso le tsamaiso ea (itšoara joang sethusathuto). Ke mofuta wa tlhahisoleseding e fumanweng tsamaisong bohareng methapo ea receptors pampitšana ea lentsoe khetholla mefuta e bonyane tse hlano tsa nahanela: utluwang, vibratory (le, joalokaha ho bontšitsoe V.P.Morozovym, resonant mofuta), mesifa, pneumatici (khatello ea moea bakileng tseleng gomoso, 'me mosebetsi oa mesifa matšoafo), ditshwantsho tse. Ka chelete, ba ile ba fana ka sete e itseng ea sensations ho bina le ho maikutlo mabapi le sebetsang le ka hare la sethusathuto ea lentsoe, kapa ha ba ntse ba re, Ho thehoa ka kelello ea lentsoe le ea 'mele e sekemeng le sebini e - motho ka mong ka hare sensations tsamaiso eo ho etsahala ha ho bina phonation. Ka thuso ea sebini sa motsotso mongwe le mongwe ea taolo ea sebopeho e hlaphohileng. Kamoo hantle ke na R.Yusson. "E mong le ea mofuta ofe mokhoa lentsoe etsa chelete e itseng ea lentsoe-corporeal oa potoloho, ho ba teng ha tseo le eena stabilizes theknoloji" (3. E leq. 109).

Kahoo, tsamaisong phopholetsa ke mochini lentsoe (seo ho thoeng ke "lentsoe semanolli" sebini) o etsa mosebetsi supervisory le taolo. Tabeng ena, FS phonation le puo ea lentsoe le etellang pele ditshwaelo le kanaleng: ba, joalokaha ho ne ho bontšitsoe V.P.Morozova, ho bina ka theknoloji e gomoso ke temoso ya le kanaleng e nkang lesedi patilwe ka mosebetsi oa resonators lentsoe ke bonyane ho ka etsahala hore le bothata ba ho masking le phello litšusumetso Link (mexri maemo tshebetso, joalo-joalo).

E pehelo ea bohlokoa ea TFS le molemo o sebetsang bakeng sa pedagogy lentsoe ke potso e mabapi le ho ba teng ha unit trust FS taolo. Mona ke ea bohlokoa ho e latelang. The FS phonation ka lona lefapha bohareng - boko o na le corticosubcortical rarahaneng mehaho e methapo ea kutlo e emetseng ka bolela lintho esale pele mochini ( "pele modelling") le hlahlobo ya lebaka la fihlellwa. unit trust ena ( "acceptor ba lebaka la bohato" ke Anokhin), "labella" ea thepa ea ho qetela ea sephetho le, ea etsang qeto ea bokgono le ho atleha ha tlhopho lenaneo ikemiseditse ho fihlela e sephetho qetellong, 'me o romela boitšoaro ba motho bo ka bapisoa ka ho sa feleng ba kena bohareng tsamaiso ea methapo ea metjha e lesedi poeletsotlaleho le ka entsprechen la sephetho sa finyelloa. E baka e mosa ea "setšoantšo" sa korotse, e leng sebini sa amanang le resonators lebetsoeng le mosebetsi le ditshwaelo le kanaleng, ho bonahatsa mosebetsi ona - thothometsa (resonator) sensations (Morozov, 2002, 2008). A karolo ea mathomo ka sebopeho sa sethusathuto la ponelo-pele le hlahlobo ya e tla ka lebaka ho qetela e na le mefuta e fapaneng ya maemo a melumo vocalist ho bina ka sebelisana lentsoe-pedagogical ea mosuoe le seithuti. Hape ea bohlokoa haholo ke ho matlafatso sesebediswa ponelo-pele hantle thehoa ithuta bokgoni ba lentsoe tichere molomo taeo e ikemiseditse ho eaba ba etsa resonant ho bina mokhoa hammoho le ho ba teng ha tšusumetso bontša ba sebini ka makhoba a ke resonant ho bina mokhoa fanoeng ke bonono ea hona joale ea ho bina.

a lebisa tlhokomelo haholo ho ithuta architectonic FS puo ea lentsoe e leshwa ho mekgwa phethahatso ea lentsoe, e emelang sete ya libui le dithulaganyo fisioloji, ikemiseditse ho finyella sephetho phahameng ka ho fetisisa FS le ho etsa bonnete ba ho hlokahala ho ba le litsobotsi litsebi bina lentsoe ngollana ho ditekanyetso tsa seakatemiki lentsoe e tloaelehileng. Le ea bohlokoa haholo ka ho ithuta actuators le ke lithuto tsa motheo R.Yussona, Fanta, Sundberg. L.B.Dmitrieva. A sebaka khethehileng sebakeng sena ka saense lona le mogopolofela le bohlokoa bo sebetsang mesebetsi ea bolaoa ke bo-rasaense ba malapeng - liprofesa le V.N.Sorokinym V.P.Morozovym bao mehopolo tse akarelelitsoeng ho ka ba ntshetswa pele likhopolo - khopolo ea ho bua (V.N.Sorokin, 1985) le resonant bina khopolo ea bonono (The .P.Morozov, 2002, 2008). E fetileng bakeng sa ho phetha mosebetsi lentsoe le lentsoe-pedagogical ikwetlisetse ke ea bohlokoa haholo. Gomoso khopolo ea ho bina hammoho le thuto ea ho tsamaiso ea mosebetsi radically fetola maikutlo ka mofuta wa actuators le mesebetsi ya sethusathuto ea lentsoe.

The actuators ka sehloohong ho fana ka puo ea lentsoe, ke phonation le articulation tse fuoa FS fapaneng. Kahoo, tsamaiso ea tsena li akarelletsa ho hlophisoa lona e tšoanang pheriferale dikarolo phethahatso, empa a be le maemo a fapaneng ba molao oa tsamaiso e bohareng. Biophysical motheong oa kaofela ha actuators ea tsamaiso ke lentsoe-gomoso mochine. ka karabelo eo e leng borokho pakeng tsa phonation le articulation ke motheo oa zvukogeneratsii, 'me ka ho fetola mekhoa tshebetsong le resonators mexri ka mokhoa tune taolo le maikutlong molao oa tsamaiso' ngolise hore larynx le mekgwa amanang tembroobrazovaniya. Ena e tiisa ka ho ba teng ka gomoso tseleng FS phonation foromo e khethehileng ea ditshwaelo tsa pakeng tsa resonators le mehloli ea loebehlana mexri le sebui (resonant) tlhaho.

poeletsotlaleho ena mexri lumella u ho etsa mechine e sireletsang ea larynx (mosebetsi sireletsang tsa resonators Morozov), hammoho le bebofatsa mosebetsi oa eona, ho fokotsa khatello ea kelello ka tsela e feteletseng ea mesifa ea ea laryngeal (mosebetsi ona resonators ka hlalosoa e le mothusi mosebetsi wa English thuso -. Thusa, thuso).

A tšobotsi e khethehileng ea sethusathuto lentsoe ka tsamaiso ea mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa ke ho ba teng ha kgokagano pele le morao pakeng tsa metsoako phethahatso ea tsamaiso (larynx, cavities, phefumoloho) multimodal mofuta (mexri, pneumatici, neuro-reflex) (Morozov. 2002, 2008). Ho ba teng ha kgokagano pele le morao bobeli fehlang (pakeng tsa taolo ya bohareng le taolo le phethahatso dikarolo) le tsekaletse (pakeng tsa litho tsa tsamaiso e thehiloeng likarolo molao-motheo vzaimosodeystviya ya ofisi phethahatso - the larynx, matšoafo resonator) rerang mosebetsi oa FS oa lentsoe le puo lentsoe ka rarahaneng integrative tsamaiso. Leha e le efe, ho akarelletsa le tshusumetso pedagogical e leka ho ka kakaretso le tšusumetso efe kapa efe ea likarolo tsa lona hang-hang a bonahatsa ka tse ling. (Morozov, 2002, 2008)

bofello

1. mosebetsi lentsoe le amanang haufi puo ea lentsoe (ho bina), hammoho le mesebetsi e meng eohle ea motho eo, o na le tsamaiso e le mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng ke phello e qetellong ea mosebetsi oa e khethehileng oona tsamaisong tshebetso phonation, e leng cyclic, mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa ho intša ho laola, khetha kopantseng litho tsa tse fapa-fapaneng le maemo ba molao oa tsamaiso ea methapo le humoral ho finyella lebaka lona ho qetela - sebopeho sa lentsoe puo utloahalla motsoako - lentsoe, puo lentsoe ka diyuniti phonetic liforomo tion homolog tshebetso ya ho bina phonation, ho entsprechen tshwanelanang tsa lentsoe tekanyetso seakatemiki (kapa mefutakwalo tse ling lentsoe) le ho fana ka litsebi boleng ho bina lentsoe.

2. FS lentsoe ka ho tsejoa e batlang e ikemetseng empa tla ama subsystems, e leng metsoako e ka sehloohong ea phethahatso mekgwa effector ba ho bua lentsoe - pelehi ea "boleng ba sebele" la molumo - mehloli moea oa thothomela mexri, zvukogeneratsii, articulation. Ka ho sebelisa katamelo e tsamaiso, ho refracted khanya ka khopolo resonant ho bina fetoha tlhophiso fosahetseng tsa larynx le ho "jenereithara" tsamaiso (lefapha) ya sethusathuto ea lentsoe. E qetellang ke 'nete haholo-holo kaofela resonator pampitšana ea lentsoe pampitšana esita le qoqotho ke le mong feela oa matla a mexri ka lebaka la moea phallo diileketerone temoso ya lemenong lentsoe.

3. sesebediswa Lentsoe - e 's feela ntho FS e sebeletsang e le phethahatso (effector) unit trust ea tsamaiso.

4. Molao-motheo bokahohleng tsa FS ea 'mele, e le hammoho le tsebo e eketsehileng ka sebopeho ka kakaretso le thepa ke mofuta oa "senotlolo" bakeng sa kaho ea ea FS oa lentsoe le puo ea lentsoe, architectonic kholoe ho ena FS le subsystems lona dikahare tshwaneleha.

5. Kopo ya melao-motheo ea thuto ea ho tsamaiso ea mosebetsi ho ithuta mekhoa ea ho lentsoe mosebetsi ho ya ka mokgwa wa e le hantle, e le boiphihlelo e bontšitse, ho khothalletsa batho ntshetsopele ya baithuti 'tsamaiso ea ho nahana le dikgatotharabololong itseng ka kaho ea mosebetsi kelello, hammoho le mofuta motheo ea sebopeho sa mehopolo ea kajeno mabapi le mesebetsi ea tsamaiso ea lentsoe le puo lentsoe ka ka tshebediso kopantswe eohle.

lingoliloeng

1. Phoniatrics le fonopediya / Dmitriev LB, LM Telelyaeva, Taptapova SL, Ermakova II - M., Medicine, 1990.
2. Morozov VP Art resonant ho bina. Metheo e ba khopolo gomoso le mokhoa. - M., 2002 (2nd gela -. M., 2008).
3. VN Sorokin Khopolo ea ho hlahisoeng ha puo. - Moscow, 1985.
4. Yusson R. bina lentsoe. - Moscow, 1974.