Mathata a tlholeho la Russia arctic ea lehoatata

mathata a tikoloho ha e le lehoatata la arctic joaloka boemo ba leholimo-eaba ba etsa lintho tse phelang tikolohong li fetola sefahleho sa lefatšeng. Baahi ba matjhabeng ba ke amehile ka qhibiliha ea leqhoa e, hammoho le ho impoverishment ba futsanehile, 'me ho joalo le ka limela le liphoofolo tsa Arctic masimong le tundra. Hlokomela mathata ena senyeha habonolo, empa e lintho tse phelang tikolohong ea bohlokoa - le bohato ba pele ikutloeleng sa ho pholosa bophelo lefatšeng.

Moo a masesaane ho na le meokho eohle

Arctic - bohale e ka leboea ea sebaka se ea km lisekoere milione 27, moeli o ka boroa oa e nkoa e le moeli o ka boroa oa sebakeng tundra. km lisekoere feela milione 6 - e Europe naha, Asia le Amerika Leboea. Ka bang limilione tse 4 km lisekoere oela masimong a sehlekehleke sena.

E ela hloko ka ho fetisisa ho liphetoho ho honyenyane ho le matla a tlaase ho folisa ka boeona e, lintho tse phelang tikolohong ea lehoatata Arctic le tundra ba kotsing haholo. Empa mafutsana 'me hangata tloaelehile haholo mefuta e Sebopeho sa limela le liphoofolo hloka kalafo hloko haholo.

Hore ke - ke hore,

Lintlha tse sokelang lintho tse phelang tikolohong arctic tundra le, ka aroloa tlhaho le motho. Empa karohano ena ke meeli. dithulaganyo tsohle lefatšeng ya kokangana botle ka ho fetisisa dikgwele, eo ka linako tse ling ha li totobetse ka chebo ea mahlo. Empa environmentalists le sechaba le lebaka le utloahalang machaba le 90-ogy mafolofolo hlahisang le ho ntshetsa pele khopolo ea ntshetsopeleng ea moshoelella, kopantseng dikarolo tsa tikoloho, ea moruo le sechaba. ditshoso bokgoni ba ho Arctic tse ngata, empa re tla totobatsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa mathata a tikoloho ea mahoatateng Arctic.

The ho futhumala ha lefatše ho

Moelelong oa futhumala ha lefatše, ho ile ha fumanoa hore ho Arctic e futhumala ka potlako ho feta libakeng tse ling. Le liphello tsa bochaba le dithemparetjha mona ke tsa bohlokoa lefatšeng ka bophara. Liphuputso li bontša hore nakong e tlang e haufi le Arctic leqhoa ka qala ho nyamela ka ho feletseng ka lehlabula.

Liphello tsa sena e tla ba le ho feta ho eketseha ha mocheso. Ka mor'a hore tsohle, ho Arctic leqhoa bontša mahlaseli a letsatsi, theola mocheso lefatšeng. Se le ho shoa ha batho ba libere Polar ka lebaka la ho sebaka se selelele e kholo pakeng tsa floes leqhoa hona joale e tsitsitseng. Tsena matla letsoalloa baahi ka leboea lahlehileng matla le teba.

Resource morui, sebakeng

Meepo le matsoai morolo (oli, khase) isang ho hlahisoeng tsa litonanahali tsa lihlahisoa tsa silafatsoa. mathata a tikoloho ea mahoatateng Arctic li amahanngoa e seng feela le tsoelo-pele ea naha ho Arctic, empa hape e tsoang libakeng tse ling tsa kgotlelo. Feela nōka phallo ka Ocean Arctic tlisa tonnes tse seng kae tse makholo a ya oli litšila. Boeletswa ya mobu silafalitsoe ka oli ka libaka tlhahiso hangata feela kgwara.

Likotsi kenyeletsa dutla le spills nakong tse qotsitsoeng lona. Ho phaella moo, byproduct ea tlhahiso ea oli - methane e khase, le karolo ea lona ka ho futhumala ha le lefatše ke e ngata haholo.

sa laoleheng bosholu ba

Bakeng sa lefapha oli ka Arctic libaka tsa masholu a liphoofolo e tla. 'Me sena ke se setsomi, ea seng a ile a fihla ka sleigh ka. Infrastructure ntshetsopeleng libakeng tse neng undeveloped - tsela ea hlophisitse bosholu ba. Ho na le ke bopaki ba hore ho fihlela ho 300 Polar beha ka selemo ho oa tlasa likulo tsa masholu a liphoofolo. Seng molaong tse qotsitsoeng ea tsa whitefish le Sturgeon ka finyellang e ka tlaase ea linōka tsa Bophirimela Siberia - feela karolo e itseng e nyenyane ea hore na ho tlisa mathata a tikoloho Russia arctic lehoatata.

The bothata ba ho tlase ho lefatshe

Fagahlelwago hore degrades boleng ba tlase ho lefatshe le ka Arctic - tshusumetso moo ea ntshetsopeleng oli kapa tšilafalo ea linōka le maoatle, ho ke ke ha khoneha. Leha ho le joalo, ka tlase ho lefatshe Nenets ikemetseng ka Setereke na le chelete e lebetsoeng le ea hydrocarbons oli e tala, ka linako tse ling mokhabo-ena feta tekanyo ea ka makhetlo a leshome.

ketsahalo ena e ke ke feela bopa mathata a tikoloho ka Serussia Arctic mahoatateng, empa hape ba kotsi ka tekanyo ea lefatše lohle.

Khase le oli e ka a liluloaneng le

theknoloji e morao-rao li entse hore ho khonehe hore lik'hamphani matla a ho Ntša mehlodi ya mose. Environmentalists ba bothata bo kae ya alamo, hobane ntshetsopele ya masimo a mose ho kotsi se ka litšisinyeho tsa lefatše morolo mohato, ha ho letho ka lipalangoang ke sekepeng se tsamaisang thepa kapa lipeipi.

mathata a tlholeho la Russia arctic ea lehoatata o se a qalile ka ho hlongoa sethaleng ho cheka "Prirazlomnaja" ( "Gazprom") sebakeng prishelfnom Leoatleng Pechora.

Lefatšeng le hore ha ho na mekhoa e atlehang bakeng sa oli e qhalana ka maemo a ka leboea ea batang. Ho latela litsebi tsa machaba, haeba sebakeng seo metsi ke 10% e koahetsoe le leqhoa, ea ho hloekisa phetha molao ho bolelwa thuso. Thickening oli ka thempereichara e tlaase, ea hole ho tswa platforms sa naha ho fokotsa khoneha oli qhalana.

mathata a tikoloho ho Arctic eena lefeelleng, limela le liphoofolo

Mathata a ho hōla mose ha e fokolang. Eng kapa eng eo ka mabaka a ka 'nang eaba se ile sa etsa hore a dutla tsa oli (thulana le thula thaba ea leqhoa e, ka mohlala, ha ke ha khoneha), e tla etsa hore liphello tse bohloko bakeng sa baemeli ba lefatšeng ba phelang. Cheka sethaleng "Prirazlomnaja" ke km ka tlase ho 100 ka mola ka kotloloho ho tswa ho Nenets Reserve le mehloli papali e 'maloa ea bohlokoa' muso. Le ba boemong bo tšoanang e hlokometse masimong a mang khase le oli e ka liluloaneng tsa masimong a khethehileng a sireletsa tlhaho ea Russia.

mathata a tikoloho ha e le lehoatata la arctic le tundra ha e felle mehlala tsena. Russia Federation le linaheng tseo e leng karolo ea Lekhotla la Arctic (1996), le khōlō tekanyo boiteko ba machaba ikemiseditse ho ho boloka le lintho tse phelang tikolohong ntse haholo senyeha ka Arctic.