Liqhobosheane boholo-holo oa Ukraine. Liqhobosheane le liqhobosheane tsa Ukraine

Castle bitsoa mehleng e bohareng mohaho hang a sebeletsa e le etselitsoeng qhobosheane feudal bolulo. Hangata ke e kholo rarahaneng, bo akarelletsang moruo, ba ntlo le mehaho itšireletsa.

Liqhobosheane tsa Ukraine ho tswa 11 ho ea ho 19 lekholong la lilemo la

Ukraine, a qala ho haha liqhobosheane ho tloha lekholong la bo11 la lilemo. Qalong, ba ne ba entsoe ka lehong. Ka linako tse ling ho boetse ho sebelisoa ka embankments matlafatsang. E ne e le feela ho lekholo la bo13 la lilemo, Lejoe le ile la qala ho sebelisoa bakeng sa kaho ea liqhobosheane. Ke mathoasong a lekholo la bo18 la lilemo, boholo ba liqhobosheane joalo lahlehileng bohlokoa tsa bona. beng ba tsona ba ile ba fallela e le lintho tse ngata ho loketseng haholoanyane ho lula matlo a borena. Ka la bo19 la lilemo Lejoe lekholong la lilemo la ho tlohelloa, hlokomolohile qhobosheaneng e ne e sebelisoa haholo e le lintho tse bonahalang e le ho haha.

Ka ho fetisisa ratoa har'a bahahlauli liloko

The thahasellisang ka ho fetisisa ho pholoha liqhobosheane tsena tse latelang liqhobosheane Seukraine:

• Kamenetz-Podolsk (Khmelnytsky sebakeng).
• Lutsk (Volyn sebakeng).
• Dubno (Rivne sebakeng).
• Olesko (Lviv sebakeng).
• Skalatsky (Ternopil sebakeng).
• Khotyn (Chernivtsi sebakeng).
• Palanok (Transcarpathian sebakeng).
• Ackerman (Odessa sebakeng).
• Uzhgorod (Zakarpattia sebakeng).
• Zolochiv (Lviv sebakeng).
• Schönborn (Transcarpathian sebakeng).

Sena ke liqhobosheane ntle ka ho fetisisa tsa Ukraine tšoaneloa ke ho etela bahahlauli le tlhokomelo ea mmuso.

Kamenetz-Podolsk rarahaneng

Sena ke mohlomong e tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa e etselitsoeng liqhobosheane mohaho ona o mehleng e bohareng tsa Ukraine. A haha Kamenetz-Podolsk, qhobosheaneng e ne e lilemong tsa bo-XIV. Lithuanian likhosana. Ho tloha ka 1434 e rarahaneng o ile a isoa tse fetang ke lipalo le ho o ne a ka mafolofolo sebelisoa e le mohaho o itšireletsa ka lintoa khahlanong le masole Turkish-Tatar. Qalong qhobosheaneng o ne a eme le letona monyako motseng. E ne e hahiloe ka lehong. Stone dibopeho a hlaha lilemong tsa bo-XVI.

Lilemong tsa bo-XIX. Kamensk-Podolsky qhobosheane ea lahleheloa ke botumo lona sesole, le Museum-Reserve ho ile ha buloa ka eona. Sena se shebahala rarahaneng, joaloka liqhobosheane tse ling tse ngata tsa Bophirimela Ukraine, ho latela ka botlalo le mehopolo ea motho ea morao-rao ka e etselitsoeng liqhobosheane tse bohareng qhobosheaneng, 'me ka hona e atisa ho sebelisoa ha ho thunya lifilimi tsa histori. Ka mohlala, sena se ke moo ho thunya filimi "Taras Bulba" le "marako City".

Lutsk qhobosheaneng

A haha rarahaneng ena e ne e le Lithuanian khosana Lubaty lilemong tsa bo-XIV. setšeng sa liqhobosheane khale lehong etsoa lilemong tsa bo-XIV. Ka 2011, Lutsk qhobosheane ho ne ho nkoa e mong oa lintho tse hlollang tsa Ukraine. Ho pholletsa le teng, e rarahaneng e ile mohla nkiloeng masole leha e le Poland, leha e le Segalicia Army.

Joaloka tsohle liloko tse ling Ukraine, Lutsk kenyeleditsweng ke lerako Lejoe le litora ka likhutlo, e leng ba ne a nka arches, hang e ne e le menyako le hlomelloa le drawbridges. Hamorao, ba ile ba beha. E rarahaneng o bolokile khale ea bohosana le ntlo.

Dubno qhobosheaneng

Kaho ea kaho ena e etselitsoeng liqhobosheane e ile ea phethoa ka 1462. Thehiloe Dubno Castle Konstantin Ostrozhsky. Lilemong tsa bo-XVII, e rarahaneng e ile ea tsosolosoa 'me ea nchafatsoa ka mokhoa ebe elegant tsa Renaissance. Ka sebaka sa eona a sireletsa ea boholo-holo ntlong ea borena ea Prince Ostrogski le Lubomirski.

E mong oa tsa maeto ba Dubno e etselitsoeng liqhobosheane e rarahaneng e tsamaiso pharaletseng lithanele tlas'a lefatše. Mehleng ea rōna ea tlhokofatso Museum o sebetsang ho e mong oa bona. Ka pel'a mokete selemo le selemo e neng e tšoaretsoe "Taras Bulba".

Olesko qhobosheaneng

Tse ngata tsa liqhobosheane le liqhobosheane tsa Ukraine nakong e fetileng e ne e le ho lula ha oa marena, ho akarelletsa le Olesko. Ena e rarahaneng e etselitsoeng liqhobosheane e hahiloeng ka makholo a lilemo tse tšeletseng tse fetileng. Ha ho buuoa ka lekhetlo la pele ba e e ileng ea ka 1327. Ka qhobosheane ena hlahetse Korol Yan III Sobieski le Michael Koribut Vishnevetskii. Lilemong tsa bo-XIX qhobosheaneng oela lokisoeng, 'me nakong ea Pele ea Lefatše Ntoa e ile hoo e ka bang timetsoa ka ho feletseng. Tsosoloso ea lithako tsa khale ba phethahala mehleng ea rōna ka etsa boikhathatso ba rahistori Borisa Voznitskogo. Kajeno qhobosheaneng ke musiamo-pokello.

Skalatsky rarahaneng

qhobosheane ena e ne e thehiloe ka ho Poland swordsman K. Vihrovskim ka 1630. Ke mohaho quadrangular, pota-potiloe ke foro e tebileng. Ha e mong le e hukung e ile ea hahoa tora pentagonal le loopholes. Nakong ea teng Skalatsky qhobosheaneng fetohile beng makhetlo a 'maloa. beng ba hae ba ne ba J. Firlej, babusisi ba Scipio. Nakong ea Pele le a Bobeli ea Lefatše Lintoa ke mohaho o etselitsoeng qhobosheane o ne a hoo e ka bang timetsoa ka ho feletseng. Ho tsosolosa ya e ile atlehe tsoa feela. Joaloka liqhobosheane tse ling tse ngata tsa Ukraine, Skalatsky ke jwale le musiamo rarahaneng.

Khotyn qhobosheaneng

Ha e ne e hahiloe qhobosheane ena ea boholo-holo, ho lona ha le tsejoe. Ho ea ka likhopolong tsa bo-rasaense ba, e hahiloeng ho mathoasong a X le XI lilemo tse makholo. Ka bohareng ba XIII lekholong la lilemo la liqhobosheane khale lehong 'me a haha ka taelo ea Prince Galitsky nkeloa sebaka ke lejoe. Hoo e ka bang tsohle le liqhobosheane ea boholo-holo ea Ukraine, li ile tsa pholoha nakong e fetileng li behiloe tlas'a nhat khōlō. Khotyn ntlheng ena ho na le mokhelo. Lilemong tsa bo-XV, qhobosheane ena e ne e radically tsosolosoa. sebakeng seo eona e haholo e eketseha, ho haha marako a lejoe a teteaneng le litora. jareteng o tsositsoe ke hoo e ka bang 10 limithara tse.

Ka 1918, Hawtin e haptjoang ka ke Romanians, 'me ka 1940 o ile a ea Soviet Union. Ka qhobosheane ena, hammoho le ka Kamenetz-Podolsk, hangata haholo e neng e tšoaretsoe thunya lifilimi tsa histori.

The Palanok rarahaneng

qhobosheane ena ea boholo-holo e teng haufi le toropo ea Mukachevo. Ha e le e ngata liqhobosheane thahasellisang mehleng e bohareng li ile tsa hahoa ka Ukraine, bo-rahistori, ka bomalimabe, ha le tsejoe. Ho na le mokhelo ntlheng ena le rarahaneng Palanok. Bafuputsi ba bang ba lumela hore tšireletso ea tsena e-ba teng lilemong tsa bo-IX. Joalo, ha ho buuoa ka lekhetlo la pele la qhobosheane ena ea boholo-holo ke ka matsatsi, ngotsoe XI lekholong la lilemo la.

bohlokoa lona sesole Palanok qhobosheaneng lahlehileng lilemong tsa bo-XIX. Ka mor'a moo, mohaho o ena e telele se sebelisoa e le chankaneng ka lebaka la batšoaruoa ba lipolotiki. Hamorao, ho lokiselitsoe marobalo sebakeng se liahelong sesole. Jwale Palanok qhobosheaneng nchafatsoa ka ho feletseng, 'me ho na le e sebetsang ea histori musiamo, bulehetse batho bohle comers tsohle.

Castle Ackerman

Ho ea ka mehloli e meng, ho hahoa mohaho ona e ile ea nka lilemo tse makholo ho feta tse peli (XIII - XIV makholo a lilemo), 'me botlhokwa go feta matlafatsa e fumaneng lilemong tsa bo-XV. Liqhobosheane tsa Ukraine sebakeng seo ho na le ba banyenyane hammoho le tse khōlō. Akkerman Qhobosheane ke e mong oa kholo ka ho fetisisa ka har'a naha. Bolelele ba marako a oona a ke tse ka bang peli km-hang, 'me bophahamo ba bona ka ba bang ba libaka tse ho fihlela ho 15 m.

Ka nako eo, qhobosheane Ackerman ke histori le setso pokello. sebaka sa eona e atisa ho etsoa ka batho ba mefuta eohle mekete, 'mino le lebaleng la liketsahalo, hammoho le ho bosimega ka terata.

Zolochiv qhobosheaneng

Kaho ea sebopeho sena ho itšireletsa ile ea phethoa ka 1634 ka a bale litsenyehelo ea Morena oa Jakobo Sobieski. Ka mor'a teteaneng marako a lejoe le morena ena e ile ea hahoa tse peli-storey ntlo ea borena ka mokhoa Renaissance. Ka ho ya ka thepa e mohlomong thahasellisa haholo ka hare ho naha qhobosheane ea khale. Ukraine (ebe karolo ea Poland) mabapi le mehahong bolulo ka mehaho e tsoetseng pele haholo ba ne ba sa fapana. Facilities hape Zolochiv qhobosheaneng halefile ke maifo le stoves. Ho phaella moo, drainage ho e se e fane ka le hore ba mehleng e bohareng Europe e ka kakaretso ho nkoa ka seoelo haholo.

Ka mor'a lefu la Prince Yakova Zolochevsky qhobosheane bakeng sa nako e ile ea e-thepa ea babusisi Tarle. Hamorao ho ile ha beng ba tummeng Prince Radziwill. Ka halofo ea bobeli ea lekholo la lilemo la XVIII, o lahlehetsoe ke bohlokoa lona sesole notlelea butle-butle o ile a qala ho bola.

Ka 1801 o ile a qala ho tsosolosoa ha Count Lukas Kamarnitsky. Ka 1834 o ile a rekisa e 'muso oa Austria. Ka nako e itseng ea liahelong ne o lutse mona, 'me hamorao - ka sepetlele. Ka 1872 Zolochiv qhobosheane ea qala ho sebelisoa ka teronkong 'me ka. Ka 1953 qhobosheaneng lokiselitsoe marobalo sebakeng PTU. Ho tsosolosoa ha mohaho ona o ile a qala feela ka 1986, ka mor'a hore o ile a isoa ho Lviv Art Gallery.

rarahaneng Schönborn

Tse ling tsa liqhobosheane le matlo a borena ea Ukraine ke e bonolo monate botle ba dibopeho tse meralo le. E le mohlala, Schönborn, se hahiloeng ka 1890-1895, ka ho latellana. mothehi lona e ne e le Buheym Schönborn. Nakong e fetileng ka pampitšana Beregvar haha lehong tsoma kokotisa, e nyenyane hamorao e ileng ea lehlabula ea bolulo ea bohlokoa e. Hamorao, ntlo ea borena e ntle haholo hōla mona. Potolohileng qhobosheane Schönborn hectars 19, e leng beha serapeng se setle-arboretum. Ho fihlela joale, mohaho ona e sebediswa e le e mong oa mehaho ea etsoa sepetleleng "Carpathians".

Ntle litempeleng Ukraine

Ya e le hantle, liqhobosheane le liqhobosheane - hase feela e ikhethang meralo le, e ithorisang ka har'a naha. Ha ho ka tlaase ho moo tsotehang le ea boholo-holo litempele tsa Ukraine. motle haholo, ho etsa mohlala, Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, e teng e bohareng ba Kiev, thehiloe a 1051. Tsebahala haholo ho pholletsa le lefatše, 'me St. Sophia Cathedral - pele haholo Christian kereke Russia, e hahiloeng ke mora oa Prince Vladimir, Yaroslav e Bohlale eo lilemong tsa bo-IX. Ho maeto thahasellisa haholo ea 'muso e kenyeletsa kerekeng e khōlō Dominican Lviv, kereke ya nkuwa Lavra le tse ling tse ngata ho na le mehaho ea boholo-holo ea bolumeli.

liqhobosheane ea boholo-holo le likereke ka Ukraine - ka ho fetisisa tsa bohlokoa meralo le liemahale, mesebetsi e meholo ea matsoho a batho, sebaka le histori ka tsela e makatsang 'me botle buka e ikhethang - sebele ba tšoaneloa ke tlhokomelo ea bo-rahistori le bahahlauli. Ka lebaka la liketsahalo tsa morao tjena, ho ke ke ha etsahala, ya e le hantle, tse ngata haholo Russia leeto chesehelang tla iteta sefuba ho ea matla a haufi ho hlahloba maeto lona. Empa, ka tšepo, ho ke ke ba kamehla, 'me baeti ba rōna e tla ba khona ho ka botlalo ananela botle le botle bo hlollang ba liemahale tsena boholo-holo.