Linōka tsa Leoatleng la Arctic: Leboea Dvina, Pechora, ob,

linōka tsohle tsa Leoatle la Arctic a phallang ka naheng ea Eurasia le Amerika Leboea. Ka mohlala, e kgolo American noka Mackenzie. Sehlooho sena se tla tšohla tse ling tsa linōka tsa Leoatleng la Arctic a Russia, har'a bona ho na le ea kholo ka ho fetisisa metsi mothapo oa lefatšeng. Ho phaella moo, ka mashome a tšeletseng a metso e mehlano etsang liphesente tse phallang metsi le ba naha ya rona ke naha ya beisine ea Ocean Arctic. Har'a bona, monehelo kholo ka ho fetisisa e tlisoa ke ho linōka tse kang Pechora, Northern Dvina, ob,, Khatanga, Yenisey, Lena, Kolyma, Indigirka le ba bang ba bangata.

Features ya linōka tsa Leoatleng la Arctic

melapo tsena phalla haufi le leoatle ka mose ho lithota le mabalane. Hobane ka fihlang ka tlaase ea nang le khutso bona, 'me ka tsela eo ha ho na litšitiso tse itseng. Beisine ea Ocean Arctic bakeng sa nako e telele haholo a koahetsoeng ka leqhoa. Catering haholo lehloa le pula. Nakong ea selemo, ho na le ho phahama metsi ba limithara tse 10-15. Sena ke ka ntlha ya go ha e le hantle hore linōka tsa Leoatleng la Arctic phallang haholo-holo ho ea ka leboea le leqhoa qhibiliha tlaase ho linoka hamorao ho feta ka holimo. Ka lebaka leo, ya hlahiswa jams le matamo leqhoa.

Northern Dvina

Northern Dvina River jarelang metsi a eona ka linaha tsa bafo ba tse peli tsa Federation Russia - Arkhangelsk le Vologda libaka. Nōka ea matla phallang kena Leoatleng White, eo e qala ka metsi a Leoatle la Arctic. Hae "hloekileng" bolelele ba km 0.7 sekete, hammoho le Sukhona - .. 1.3 likete tse km le, 'me ha nkoa e le hammoho le Vychegda -. Ebe 1,8 likete tse km SE.

River Delta ae phethang sebakeng se seholo, a otlolla ka sebaka sa e-ba bolelele ea 37 le bophara ba km 45. Mona nōka e petsoha ka metjha e se sengata le sleeveless (lekholo le mashome a mahlano). Noka metsi phallo ka molomo ke tse tharo le likete tse halofo limithara tse dikubita ka bobeli.

Metsi puso ea Northern Dvina

The mofuta hlaheletseng lijo ke lehloa. Northern Dvina River e koahetsoe ke leqhoa cap, ka nako ea ho tloha morao October ho ea mathoasong a November, 'me o lokolloa ho nakong ea ho tloha mathoasong a lekholo April ho ea mathoasong a May. Le se qalang ho nōka nakong ea selemo hangata sephethephethe jams, leqhoa hoholehela ka potlako haholo.

Ho sesa letamo Northern Dvina River ke bokhothokhotho, ke 360 tse sekete. ^Km2. melatswana la ntlha la oona ke Arctic Ocean beisine: Pinega, Vychegda, Elitsa, Vaga le ba bang. Ho na le tse fetang 27 mefuta e litlhapi.

Bohlokoa ba histori

Ho thahasellisang ke hore Northern Dvina ke likepe hoo e ka bang tsohle hammoho (bolelele ba linokana likepe le melatswana tse ngata tse hlano le halofo km likete tse). Ho tloha ka 1989 ka ho Nōka sebetsang kamehla tšebeletso ea mopalami. Ho fihlela joale ka seiponeng hae metsi matha ka khale ka ho fetisisa ea Russia sekepe "Nikolay Vasilevich ft gogol", theohileng shipyards morao ka 1911.

Northern Dvina River phethile karolo ea bohlokoa mosebetsing oa ho histori. Ka mohlala, nakong ea liketsahalo 1812 ntoa, o ne a, ho ea ka bo-rahistori ba amoheloe, hoo e batlang e le feela-link tsa Russia le Europe. Le nakong ea Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše ka nōka e neng e tšoaretsoe kopanela bohlokoa tsa phepelo "alima-a ntshe" (sesole theknoloji, thepa le lisebelisuoa fuoa tsoang Europe le United States e le ntoeng Soviet Union). Ho feta moo, bo-rahistori ba ka linako tse ling e bitsoang noka "tsela ea heke ho Arctic", hobane nōka sebakeng Arctic e qala maeto a ho etsa lipatlisiso tse fetang makholo a mabeli.

Pechora

Nōka ea phallang ka bafo tse peli tsa Federation Russia - Nenets ikemetseng ka okrug, le Republic Komi. E qala ka Urals Bophirimela tšimoloho tse tharo. Ho ea ka likhakanyo tse sa tšoaneng, bolelele ba nōka e tsoang ho km 1,7 ho 1.9 ho tse sekete. Ke mofuta ya e le hantle lona, arotsoe ka likarolo tse tharo: e ka holimo, o bohareng ba le ka tlaase.

E ka holimo, bo Hare e ka Tlaase Pechora

E ka Holimo Pechora bolelele ba km 400 ha se lieu le ho honyenyane a ithuta. Karolong ena ea nōkeng e na le ditlhaka ikemetseng ea thaba e boletsoe ka phallo potlako, meandering kanaleng, se phahameng Stony mabōpong moqotetsane noka phuleng ea molapo o koahetsoeng phaene limela. E le bophara ba ka Holimo Pechora ranges ho tloha limithara tse 10 ho ea ho ea 120. Nōka hase tebileng, fihla limithara tse peli le halofo.

Karolelano ea Pechora - e karolong e telele km 1200, a tsoang molomong ho molomo Volosyanitsy Tsilma. Ho qala ka Yashkinsky libongo, nōka ea e ba likepe. Pechory bophara ka karolo e bohareng ranges ho tloha 0,4 ho 4 km. Ha metsi a tlaase ka nōka ea thehoa Shoals hore sitisa tsamaya.

E ka tlaase karolo ya nōka otlolla fetang makholo a mane km. Ho fihlela ho ea molomo oa nōka ea Shapkina banka tokelo ea ho nōka ke kafukafu, 'me le letšehali - tlhaku mpe. Ka mor'a moo, e le mabopong a ba babeli ba nang le lithota le predominance tsa tundra limela. Whisky tloha motsaneng o mong ho qala makgobokgobo ea. Ho na le palo e khōlō ea alluvial, lihlekehleke tlaase (e kholo ka ho fetisisa - 29). le lihlekehlekeng bolelele ke km 30. Ka confluence ea Molomo 20 e arotsoe sleeveless nōka.

tšebeliso e sebetsang

Pechora bulehileng bakeng sa matsatsi a 120-170, haholo sebediswa bakeng sa thomello sephethephethe. Ho na le ba ka bang 80 melatswana. Beisine e ka 19.500 km lisekoere. Pechora-ntshetswa pele ho tšoasa litlhapi, litlhapi tsa salmon ho tšoasa litlhapi e atlehe, Pike, herring, tseo tsa whitefish, litlhapi tsa salmon e tšoeu le mefuta e meng e.

ob,

Joalokaha ho se ho boletsoe, ho letamo la leoatle nyenyane ka ho fetisisa ea Lefatše ae phethang 65% kapa tse peli ho ba bararo ea Federation le Serussia. Linōka tse amanang le Leoatleng la Arctic, e kholo haholo le e tletseng phallang. Empa ha e mong oa bona a ke ke a bapisoa le ob,. Sena ke kholo ka ho fetisisa ea Siberia noka. O ile a etsa hore har'a phallang metsi bohle ka Eurasia. O ile a lahla noka metsi bona amanang Arctic Ocean, tse kang Tom le Irtysh, Biya, Katun.

Ho ea ka bafuputsi ba bang ba, e leng lebitso la noka le tsoa lentsoe "bobeli" hobane Ho thehoa ke confluence ea linōka tse peli tse kholo haholo - Biya le Katun. Bolelele ba hae ho tloha tshwaragano ho tšoana le ho 3,65 likete tse km le, 'me ha o kenyeletsa Irtysh -. 5,41 likete Km.. noka ena e nkoa e le e telele ka ho fetisisa Russia. Ho phallang ho ea ka leboea ho Leoatle Kara, eaba ba etsa e bolelele ba Koung ea ob, (bolelele Bay - ka 800 km).

bohlokwa ya moruo ya ob,

Nōka betheng feta tse hlano libaka Russia, ho akarelletsa le Altai Territory, Tomsk Region, ho Region Novosibirsk, ba Yamalo-Nenets le Khanty-Mansi ikemetseng ka Setereke. Nōka ke likepe. thomello kamehla sephethephethe ka e thehilweng, kaha 1844. Ka 1895 ho, nōka ea e fetile pota likepe 120.

Ob, - ke paradeise bakeng sa chesehelang ho tšoasa litlhapi. Mona, ka palo e kholo ea tlhapi e tloaelehileng tse kang Pike, Grayling, burbot, carp, Rudd, Sturgeon, lamprey, Sturgeon, 'me ba bangata, ba bang ba bangata. Ho na le ka bang mashome a mahlano mefuta, mashome a mabeli a metso e mehlano ea eona e angoa ke ho tšoasa litlhapi e matla (kalaneng, nkee, Pike, swamp eel, dace, bream, crucian carp, Roach, kalaneng le ba bang).

Metsi puso, melatswana

Nōka - bakeng sa lehloa ho fetisisa, ho phalla ka sehloohong le hlaha ka nako ya likhohola nakong ea selemo. Ob, e koahetsoe ke leqhoa cap, bakeng sa matsatsi a 180-220 selemo. Letangoana la ho sesa ke ba ka bang limilione 2,99 km SE ^2, ka pontshi ena River Ranked pele Russia. Hlomphehang sebakeng boraro e lula e ka ho ya ka dikahare metsi, 'me pele ho ho na le linōka tse joalo phallang ka Ocean Arctic, e le Yenisei le Lena.

Karolong e ka boroa ea ob, ke tummeng Novosibirsk pokello kapa joalokaha ho feta ka tloaelo ho thoeng, ho ob, Leoatleng, e leng thatohatsi eang teng ba likete tse bahahlauli le batho ba moo. The le kanaleng pakeng tsa ob, le Yenisei, e hahiloeng lekholong la ea leshome le metso e robong ka mor'a nako, e sa jwale sebelisoa 'me ba tlohela.

Obi nang 30 melatswana khōlō le tse ngata tse nyenyane. Kholo ka ho fetisisa sa tsona ke Irtysh, eo bolelele e 4250 km le, e leng e phahameng ho feta bolelele ba lona ba ho nōka. le keketseho ena li tlisa ho ob, e leng karolelano ea limithara tse dikhubu likete tse tharo tsa metsi ka bobeli.