Ivan Mazepa - mohale ea sechaba kapa lehlabaphio. potreite tsa histori

Ivan Mazepa - e mong oa tummeng ka ho fetisisa ea Hetman Cossack Ukraine. Historing setseng letšoao le ka ralipolotiki e, ea neng a loanela bolokolohi ba boemo bona. Ka 2009, ka Ukraine ka Order tsa Mazeppa ho ile ha thehoa, ho e fuoa bakeng sa seo a se finyeletseng ka lipuisano tsa lichaba, fanang ka liphallelo le kaho ea sechaba.

Pedigree Ivan Mazepa

Mazepa Ivan Stepanovich hlahile ka March 20, 1640, ba bang ba mehloli ba bolela hore lilemong tse seng kae hamorao sebakeng se ka thōko Kamenz, hamorao rehoa Mazeppists, haufi le White Kereke. Ngoana e ne e le mora oa Gentry Seukraine. Ivan o 'mè oa Mariya Magdalina e ne e le e hlomphehang, ba rutehileng mosali ea nang le hae le maikutlo a lipolotiki. Ho pholletsa le bophelo ba hae, o ne a le mogakolodi mora. A ho qetela lilemo tse 13 tsa bophelo ba hae e ne e le 'Mè Superior tsa Kiev Mahaha Monastery.

Ntate oa Ivan Mazepa Stepan, e leng Adama e ne e le hetman pota-potiloe Vygovskogo.

sebopeho

Ho tloha bongoaneng Ivan Mazepa fumana thuto e babatsehang. Ka matlo la ntate oa hae, o ile a ithuta ho palama le letlotlo elgohry, o ile a ithuta saense a sa tšoaneng. Joale a ile ea e-ba seithuti se sa Kyiv-Mohyla Collegium. Loketseng thaka thahasella mesebetsi ea bo-rafilosofi ba Bagerike le ea Baroma, atisa ho lingoliloeng European, o bua lipuo tse 'maloa.

Ka mor'a ho fumana mangolo, ntate oa hae o ile a romela Ivan ka bona tšebeletsong Pages "ho morena Poland. Ha lekhotla la Ivan Mazepa bontša ka boeona e thehoa, budding nobleman. O ile a isoa ho fumana thuto ka ho eketsehileng ka diyunivesithi tsa Europe Bophirimela. Nakong ea lilemo tsa lithuto tsa hae, o ile a ba le nako ea ho etela Italy, Fora, Jeremane le Holland.

Bokamoso Seukraine hetman hlolloa batho ka habanya ka. Eseng feela matla a kelello ea hae, empa blandishments le kantle boleng ne galaotega ga lonaka hae karete ka nako ya le phahamisa ka lere.

Boemo bo ile ba Ukraine

Ivan Mazepa, eo a biography e tletse nepahale le kajeno, e se e tla ka tsela e telele ho ea tlhōrōng ea mosebetsi oa hae oa lipolotiki. Qetellong ea lekholo la lilemo la XVII Cossack Ukraine ne ke sa ka ka molemo ka ho fetisisa linako tse ling. Linaheng tse hangata e meraro Hetman, ba neng ba tataisoa ke matla fapaneng tsoang linaheng tse ling.

Peter Doroshenko e ne e le lipopae ea Sultan Turkish, ea neng a hlokomela lithahasello tsa hae tsa lipolotiki ho ile sebakeng sena.

Getman Samoylovich tshwerweng boemo ba lan-Serussia.

Ivan Mazepa, ho ea ka mehloli e meng, o ne a tsa khaoloa tloha khotla ka loana le sebedisana basebetsi, ka tse ling tse - ea hore a buisane ka pannoy lenyalong. Empa hore e be e le ho ka, ka 1664 Jan Kazimierz romeloa lebotho ho Left-Banka Ukraine, Mazepa setse 'mele' me o ile a ea motseng oa habo letsoalloa la ntate oa hae.

Ka 1665, ka mor'a lefu la ntate oa hae, Ivan Mazepa nka boemo ba hae 'me ea e-ba epicalyx Chernigov.

Lorang ea mosebetsi o lipolotiking, o ile a nyala e ea ruileng mohlolohali Anna Fridrikevich, eo haufinyane shoa 'me a siea mo leruo le leholo' me maqhama e metle. Ntate oa Anna peong ea botona Polovets ba notation kakaretso, e fana ka mmusong wa hae mora-le lokisetsa ho ea tšebeletsong ea ho hetman Doroshenko. Ka "Turkish" Hetman Mazepa le boitshepo le mano ea e-ba motsamaisi oa sekepe outhouse lebotho la 'me hamorao e le tlelereke.

Ka 1674 Doroshenko romela Mazepa ka Krymskoe Hanstvo le Turkey. Ka hona joale le Sultan fetisetsa nevolnikov- Cossack setseng banka. Crimea, ho roba Ivan Sirko, empa ha ba mo bolaee, le fetisetsa Samoylovich. Mojaro tšusumetso ea batho, ba bang ba mehloli ba bolela hore mollo puo Mazepa ne pholositse bophelo ba hae.

Ivan Mazepa, eo a biography e tletse chenchana moepa ya qetello, e ile ea ho sheba ka mor'a hore bana ba Left Banka Hetman, 'me hamorao bakeng sa tšebeletso ea ba tšepahalang o ile a khethoa esaul. Samoylovich hangata e romeloa Mazepa Russia, moo ba ileng ba hlōla mohau oa ratang ka ho fetisisa ea morena, Prince Golitsyn.

hetman

Ka July 1687 Mazeppa, le ho kenya letsoho ha bareki ba lona o ile a khethoa hetman tsa Left-Banka Ukraine, 'me pele ho eena lona Samoylovich hammoho le ba lelapa le entourage ile a isoa Siberia.

Ba bang ba mehloli ba bolela hore Mazepa bribed Golitsyn ho kōpa thuso, ba bang hanyetsa 'nete ena.

Leha ho le joalo, ka 1689, ha Russia terone ea mocha Peter, pakeng tsa tse peli tse a otla ho fihlela le kamano e haufi. Phihlelo Hetman o ile a fa mocha Boholo bo Hlomphehang keletso ka likamano tsa leano tsoang linaheng tse ling le Poland.

Ho sa le joalo, ka Ukraine ho na le e ne e le merusu. Ka 1690, e leng bofetoheli boo ha boa qala ho Petrik. Mazepa, ho itšetleha ka lebotho la bona le thuso ea Petrose, ka sehlōhō a hatella eona. Batho ba bangata ba mehleng ea hae ba ne ba lumela hore Ivan Mazepa, nalane ya Boto eo e ne e le sehlōhō haholo, le mocha ha aa ka a fapana botšepehi le boinehelo. batho ba mehleng ea rona bitsoa litšobotsi tsena kutloisiso e lipolotiki.

Selekane le Charles XII

Ba hore ha e ntse e ka 'na, le Great Northern Ntoa, eo e ile ea nka ka Russia lilemo tse 21 tsa Left Banka Hetman pushed ka selekane e le morena Seswedishe.

Ka 1706, ka mor'a hore Russia sala a le mong le morena oa Sweden, Mazepa emoloa boikemelo ba Little Russia. Peter ke sa likahlolo tsa liphetoho e haufi Cossack hetman tlile kamehla, empa ba ile ba lumela ha aa ka a batla.

Ka 1708, Mazepa Ivan Stepanovich ile a hana ho kena sesoleng ba morena, 'me hammoho le karolo e nyenyane ea Cossacks ho, boholo ba liofisiri tse, ba ile ba Charles.

Peter ke ne a loloma ke bohale, hobane o ne a lumela Mazepa e seng feela ka tlase tsa selekane empa motsoalle e mong.

Ka 1709 Mazepa ekiloeng ea morena lebisa ho timetsoa ka ho feletseng ea Zaporizhzhya Sich.