Ho potoloha ha mali 'me matšoafo tsamaiso e khopo ka liphoofolo tse anyesang. Litopo eaba ba etsa tsamaiso ea ho potoloha ha mali ea liphoofolo tse anyesang

A sehloohong sena a re nahana ka tsamaiso ea ho potoloha ha mali oa liphoofolo tse anyesang, metsoako e le lintlha tsa sebetsa joang. Bakeng sa lintho tse phelang tsohle tse phelang ho hlokahala. Ena ho ikoetlisa khase phapanyetsano, lipalangoang tsa limatlafatsi tse ngata, sebopeho sa maloetseng le boloka homeostasis. Ka lebaka la ho peculiarities ya kamoo ho ka khonehang mesebetsi joalo rarahaneng?

ke bo-mang liphoofolo tse anyesang

Liphoofolo tse anyesang na maloa matšoao systemic. Pele ho tsohle, ho calving lebese, e leng ho lokolloa ke litsoelesa khethehileng ea ba batšehali. liphoofolo tse anyesang kaofela ba na le maoto le matsoho hore a behiloeng tlas'a 'mele,' me moriri o, nako le nako ho fetola nakong molting. Ka liphoofolo tsena letlalong e na le se feela lebese, empa e boetse e le mofufutso, litsoelesa sebaceous le odorous. Liphoofolo tse anyesang tse mofuthu-sehloho, tse phelang feela, e leng e fana ka makgetha a ho ke tsamaiso ea ho potoloha ha mali.

Sebōpeho sa tsamaiso ea ho potoloha ha mali ka liphoofolo tse anyesang

Likarolo tse ngata e tsoetseng pele ea sebopeho ea tsamaiso ho potoloha ha mali har'a vertebrates na baemeli ba leng Class liphoofolo tse anyesang. Ho akarelletsa ho ba le pelo e mene chambered, 'me tsamaiso ea koetsoeng ea methapo ea mali. mosebetsi oa eona o khona ho phetha mali ka lebaka la mokhatlo oa e tsoelang pele. Ka lebaka leo, 'mele eaba ba etsa tsamaiso ea ho potoloha ha mali ka liphoofolo tse anyesang, haholo-holo ha thehoa ke dinama tse nyenyane tse mesifa. Le pelo e leng sona se mokhelo.

Ena ke sekoti mesifa lekala o nang le likamore tse 'nè: atria tse peli le ventricles. likarolo tsena li arohane ka, partitions me le qetelle a buisana ka tsela ya di-valve. Ka lebaka lena, venous le ea bohlokoa mali mohla kopanya hore mmoho le mekgwa e ntlafetseng ya ya thermoregulation isang mofuthu-sehloho, liphoofolo tse anyesang.

ke mofuthu-bloodedness seo

Bitsoa mofuthu-sehloho, liphoofolo, e leng ha ea itšetleha ka mocheso oa 'mele ho tloha tikoloho. Ho sehlopha sena ho matleng a linonyana le liphoofolo tse anyesang, ho akarelletsa monna. Ke hobane'ng ha liphoofolo tse ling ha li na le ya data ya e le pontšo e tsoelang pele? taba tsohle ka sebopeho ba pelo. Nahana ka potso ena ha re bapisa le baemeli ba diyuniti fapaneng hlophisitsoeng. Kahoo, tsamaisong ho potoloha ha mali ea liphoofolo tse anyesang le lihahabi na ho se tšoane bohlokoa. Pelo ea bobeli e na le likamore tse tharo, pakeng tsa eo ho eona ho ke e dia fella. E fellang feela thibela tsoaka mali venous le ea bohlokoa. Ka lebaka leo, lihahabi tsohle - batang-sehloho, le lokela ho tšoenyeha ka nakong ea mariha botlaaseng ba 'mele tsa metsi, a mobu le maphepheng a mang.

tse pedi ajoa

Mammalian tsamaiso e khopo ho potoloha ha mali 'me etsa tšelang. Ho ea ka mo motsamao oa mali ho etsahala. Ho tsoa pelong ea tla le mothapo, ea kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa tsona e bitsoa aorta. Joale ba Lekala theoha le feta ka methapong ena. Tsena ke lijana tse nyenyane. Capillary marangrang e bokella ka venules. Butle-butle ba eketseha ka bophara. Ho tloha ka eaba ba etsa le methapong hore tsoele mali ka ho teba.

Tsamaiso ea ho potoloha ha mali oa liphoofolo tse anyesang, mefuta e 'meli ajoa. Nyenyane feela feta matšoafong. E qala ka ventricle se nepahetseng le se nkang mali ka methapo, methapong le methapong tsa 'mele ho atrium setseng. Ka lebaka leo, oksijene a moea tse matšoafong, mali le kena le carbon dioxide - ka lehlakoreng le fapaneng. Systemic ajoa qala ka ventricle le letšehali 'me, feta lijana tsa makala tsohle tsa' mele, e jara mali ho atrium letona.

mali sebopeho

Tsamaiso ea ho potoloha ha mali oa liphoofolo tse anyesang ne a ke ke a etsa mesebetsi lona ntle leha e le mokelikeli dinama tse nyenyane tse khethehileng hore o potoloha tsamaisong ea vascular. E bitsoa mali. Motheong oa lesela lena ke intercellular ntho - the lero la mali. Ho na le mefuta e meraro ea thepa ea motheo thehoa, e mong le e ba tse etsang mesebetsi ea eona. The e fetisetsa lero la mali ho tswa lisele ho makala lero lihlahisoa qetellong tshilong ya dijo, maro a feteletseng le letsoai. Ho tloha motheong oa mali ke metsi ba le phahameng mocheso bokgoni, ho lula setaleng 'mele mocheso ea liphoofolo tse anyesang.

Erythrocytes phapanyetsano khase e etsoang ke tsamaisa oksijene le carbon dioxide. lisele tse tsena hape etsa hore 'mala o mofubelu mali, hobane ba na le tšepe. Leukocytes thehoa phelang sireletsehile maloetseng ana. Di ho thuisoa likaroloana intracellularly tsoang linaheng tse ling ke phagocytosis. Liplatelete fana ka tshebetso ya ho hoama ea mali. Ena e rarahaneng lik'hemik'hale mokhoa oa ho fetola protheine insolubilization. Ka 'mele ona e sireletswa ho lahleheloa ke mali. Empa ka mesebetsi ena kaofela ea bohlokoa ke khoneha feela ha kakaretso mosebetsi oa lijana tsena lisele tse, pelo le mali.

Features ea tsamaiso ea matšoafo

Ho potoloha ha mali tsamaiso ea liphoofolo tse anyesang e anatomically le ka tshebediso amanang le ho hema. qetellang e emetsweng liphoofolo tse anyesang litsela tsa pneumatici le matšoafo. Pele e na le letoto la lihlooho tse ka amanang cavity nasal, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea le bronchi tse peli. Di koahetsoeng ka khanya, e leng e na le palo e khōlō ea bubble bo botle - ya alveoli, braided le khokahano le letšo-letšo likepe capillary. Ho ka alveoli khase phapanyetsano se hlahile. Hema liphoofolo tse anyesang - e rarahaneng. Ka ho kenya tshebetsong lona le amana le hore mesifa intercostal, leboteng ka mpeng le diaphragm.

Kamano ea litsamaiso ho potoloha ha mali 'me matšoafo ea liphoofolo tse anyesang

Ho potoloha ha mali 'me matšoafo tsamaiso ea liphoofolo tse anyesang tse haufi-ufi amanang le. Ha inhaling oksijene kena airway ho alveoli tsa matšoafong. Kahoo, ho kenella ka hare ho ka methapong ena. Ba tsoela pele ho maling, oksijene e khomaretse erythrocytes. lisele tse tsena li na nuclei sebakeng sa le ntho e khethehileng e bitsoang hemoglobin. Ho e na le protheine e le metsoako tšepe-e nang le - heme. Sena elements lik'hemik'hale e bopa e komponeng sa tsitsang le oksijene. Le maling lisele tse khubelu tsa mali a jara ho pholletsa le 'mele. Lefa oksijene, carbon dioxide li khomaretse, eo hape kena ka matšoafong. Ka pululo, metabolite ena e tlosoa ho 'mele.

Kahoo, tsamaisong ho potoloha ha mali oa liphoofolo tse anyesang e bopa lijana pelo le mali. E na le mofuta koetsoeng. E tsoetseng pele lintlha tsa sebopeho tsamaiso ke ho ba teng ha likamore pelo tse 'nè le dia e feletseng pakeng tsa bona. Sena se etsa hore liphoofolo tse anyesang mofuthu-sehloho,. Le mali anatomically le ka tshebediso amana le tsamaiso ea ho hema. Ho na le Lufthansa le matšoafo. Feela ka bohato ga dirwa ba litsamaiso tsena etsoa liphoofolo tse anyesang phefumoloho ka maemo lisele, dinama tse nyenyane tse, 'me phelang.