Histori, ntshetsopele le mofuta wa Tatarstan

Republic, e tsejoang kajeno tlas'a lebitso la Tatarstan, o na le histori e ruileng. Bopaki ba pele ba ho fedisa batho ka letsatsi lena naha khutlela ea puso ea palaeolithic. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le e ne e le liemahale pele hore ho matleng a litso tse fapaneng epolla lintho tsa khale.

History ea Republic of Tatarstan

Le tsoelo-pele ea mesebetsi ea matsoho le ho fetola epochs fetoha 'me liphello tsa mosebetsi o boima tsa botho. Nakong ea phetoho ea ho tloha e Bronze ho Tšepe Age hlaha a ba a qapa ananyino setso, bakeli ea eona e lula e Volga-Kame. Ho na le ke bopaki ba hore ka nako ea ho tloha VIII ho lekholong la lilemo la VII BC ka tšimong ena e hlaha meloko Sarmatian le Gorodets setso.

History of Tatarstan e bontša hore phetoho ea ho mehla e mecha ea liemahale tsa setso ho bitsoa "pyanoborskaya". Di concentrated ka Lower Kama. Nakong ea III-IV lekholong la lilemo la le lefatšeng e ile ea qala ho phunyeletse ka Turkic le Ugric meloko ea Siberia, eo hamorao o ile a khona ho li leleke baahi matsoalloa ho tloha e le mabopong a ea Kama Nōka. Sena se fana ka bopaki ka ho Turayevo litutulu, ke sefika histori. Ba fumana patoa le bahlabani ba sebetsa. Nakong ea IV le VII lilemo tse makholo tšimong e khōlō ea rephabliki ea kajeno ea Tatarstan batho ba phela Imenkov setso.

ntshetsopeleng ya Tatarstan

Ho sa tsotellehe 'nete ea hore ka setso le moruo oa boemo e ne e le e ikhethang haholo, ho holimo V - VIII le makholo a lilemo Kama ikutloa tšusumetso e matla ea linaheng tse tsoelang pele gunii Volga Region le Bophirimela Turkic le Khazar Khanate.

History of Tatarstan e bua ka ho ba teng ha Volga Bulgaria ka nako VIII - XIII lilemo tse makholo.

ya data e ngotsweng, a sireletsa ho tloha mehleng eo, u se ke ua fana ka lesedi le 'nete le ho atolosoa ka boemo bona. Leha ho le joalo, ho e nka hore mona e ne e le karolo ea naha ea sebaka se Northern Volga: Zakamye, Predkame, ba Pre. Rahistori ba bang ba lumela hore ho ea moeling o ka leboea oa Volga Bulgaria fetela lebōpong letona la Kama le ka bophirimela - hammoho Sviyagi. Moeli o ka bochabela ho nōka skirted Shischmu le boroa e ne e le haufi le Samara Bend. Ho sa le joalo, bafuputsi ba bang ba sekamela ho ba le pono e fapaneng, a fana ka maikutlo hore Bulgaria meeli ne kgolo ee bophara e ngata.

The nako e tlang ka histori ea Republic of Tatarstan - sebopeho sa Kazan Khanate. mothehi lona ke Kazan Khan - Ulu Muhammad. Hapa Kazan ka 1438 'me a tlosoa ho Se-bulgaria khosana, o ile a re ho khanate' me a theha leloko la borena la hae. Phello e bile boemong ba ho ea e-ba mohlahlami oa molao ea Bulgaria. Ka mor'a nakoana, ka 1552, Kazan e haptjoang ka Tsar Ivan IV oa, 'me masimo a hlōloe a ikopanya le Moscow State. From hore motsotso, le a sebetsang a tsoelo-pele ea Tatarstan.

Ho fihlela joale, motse-moholo oa Republic of Tatarstan ke o mong oa a ka sehloohong a litsi setso, tsa lipolotiki le tsa saense tsa Russia.

The hlollang rephabliki Russia

Tatarstan Nature tlatsetsa ha e le hantle hore sebaka sena e ntshetswa pele le phatlalatsa bohahlauli. Mothating ona, ho merges ba babeli linōka kholo ka ho fetisisa - e Volga le Kama. Ho ba teng ha e le bonolo mocheso kontinenteng tlelaemete etsa ho ka khoneha ho hlahisa plesieroorde le ski, eo na analogues naheng ya rona. Mofuta wa Republic of Tatarstan fascinates le botle ba sona. Panorama lebaka la Nōka Kama, sisinya, 'me botle ke keng la lekanngwa tsa lithaba-lithoteng bewitches qobella hore bahahlauli ho khutlela mona hape le hape. Esita le matsoalloa ke ke ra khaotsa hlompha mofuta wa naha ea habo bona. Tatarstan ha ke a tlohela mang kapa mang ea sa tsotelleng. Ka boemo ba leholimo e hlakileng le chabile ka fellang teng khabisa litora tšepe ea likereke tsa Bokreste, hammoho le ho minaret tsa Mamosleme mamosleme Elaburgi. Phatsimang bethe la nōka le se sengata le matša, e fana ka phadima khanyang, le e tummeng Grand Bohr ne ke sa khaotsa ho khahlisa Fans ba 'nete ba e khabisitse naha mona tlhaho.

hotel National bophelo

Nature Tatarstan tsejoang hape bakeng sa thepa ea meriana. Motswako steppe moea, matla a ho folisa microclimate tsoakiloeng moru, ba phelelang dintho moriana - fitontsidami, le mehloli ea metsi matsoai tsohle kenya letsoho hore ho a hlaphoheloe ka potlako 'mele. Tabeng ena, na ho fetile lilemo tse ngata disanatoria le plesieroorde bophelo bo botle ba Tatarstan tse mafolofolo climatotherapy.

libakeng tse sireletswa

Mofuta wa Tatarstan e tummeng emeralde kholo Bohr, ea ileng a tsejoa ho bohle ba metako ke Russia baetsi ba litšoantšo Shishkin "Hoseng ka moru phaene." Ka hare ho rephabliki e ke ka ho fetisisa fapa-fapaneng le ba ruileng morung. Sena se akarelletsa ho joalo likutung tse thahasellisang ka Erhov nyenyane, Raspberry, Rich, Big. lintho tsena tsa tlhaho tse e-s'o angoa ke a sebetsang a mosebetsi ea batho. Mona re ipatile linatla bicentennial: botle-kalse mohbat, phaene, Linden. Karolong e ka leboea ea boron le leng hona teng mola o tenyetsehang matša tse nyenyane, eo botebo mekoloko ho tloha halofo ea ho limithara tse supileng. matamo joalo ke la thahasello e khōlō litabeng tsa saense. Motseng oa bona hōla mefuta e sa tloaelehang ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book tsa Tatarstan. Ka metsi a matša le libanka bona ka kopana le baemeli ba tsena tsa lefatše phoofolo e muskrat Hape, mokholutsoane, ho bina le ho waterfowl, likhama le likhama. 'Me e ke karolo e nyenyane feela ea mefuta ea libōpuoa tse phelang, tse ruileng tsa tlhaho Tatarstan. Photo of botle ba hae o entse tsela e sa tloaelehang e hlakileng le e sa lebaleheng.

E le hore ho boloka lefa la tlhaho ea Rephabliki ea Tatarstan, ba boholong ba thehiloe ka 1960, e Volga-Kama Reserve. Ho e teng ka Bophirimela Predkamja, kena mona Raifa le Saralovsky libakeng. Sebaka palo yohle e hectars fetang likete tse robeli, tseo boholo ba tsona e koahetsoe ke meru.

Bohehang sebakeng tsa tlhaho

Raif thōko naha, teng seterekeng Zelenodolsk km mashome a mabeli feela tse hlano ho tloha motse-moholo oa rephabliki ea - Kazan. Haholo-holo e busoa ke a bataletseng naha, empa ho na le mekete e fapaneng ea bohlokoa ka ho bophahamong ho tloha mashome a mahlano ho limithara tse lekholo le mashome a mane. La thahasello e khōlō ke Raifa letšeng le arboretum, eo ho eona limela hōla ho tloha hoo e ka bang lik'honthinenteng tsohle tsa lefatše. Ke lehae la ho mashome a mahlano a metso e mehlano mefuta, tse ka bang makholo a mabeli mefuta ea linonyana le mefuta e fetang mashome a mararo ba baahi ba ka tlas'a metsi. Ka sebaka sa tshebetso sa metsi mabopong a sa tebang a teng ke Hoa makatsa hore ebe ke ba ruileng mabaka spawning.

lirafshoa

Resources, eo e ruileng mofuta Tatarstan rephabliki li ne li le sebakeng se bobeli har'a bafo ba ho hlahisa oli Russia. State ho leka-lekana e ntse e tsoela direkoto tsa metšoasong tsa masimo a lekholo le mashome a mane tse hlano, tse hakanyetsoa ho lithane tse limilione tse likete tse 1,734. Ho ea ka likhakanyo selelekela, le mehloli ba lirafshoa tse hakanyetsoa ho lithane tse limilione tse likete tse 2,7. The botlaaseng palo yohle mohlodi, e akarelletsang masimo a makholo a mabeli le mashome a mahlano, le emeloang ke mefuta e leshome le metso e robeli la lihlahisoa tse tala. Hona ho kenyeletsa Montan, ho haha le ho mefuta e agromineralny. Bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke bentonite, atolosoa letsopa, lehlabathe motsoako. Ba fana ka karolo e khōlō ea litlhoko tsa rephabliki le naha ka kakaretso.

liemahale mofuta

The rephabliki ruileng ha feela mehloli matsoai. thahasello e khōlō ke tlhaho le liemahale tsa Tatarstan. E le tsa boleng khethehileng. Tabeng ena, e mong oa lipakane tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa ba boholong lebatowa - ho boloka le rephabliki tsa likokoana-hloko le e khabisitse naha mona ho fapafapana, libōpeho buka e ikhethang Geological le habitats tsa mefuta e sa tloaelehang ea limela le liphoofolo. Hona ho sebetsa ka ho khetheha ho baemeli ba ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book le le kotsing.

Natural liemahale tsa Republic of Tatarstan akarelletsa ho sireletsa tsa tlhaho tse rarahaneng "Kyrykmas floodplain noka." lithuto tsa saense khanna sebakeng sena, liphello e bontša: metsi a noka ena ba fumana mefuta e mashome a mabeli a metso e supileng ea litlhapi. Tsena li akarelletsa molapo trout, minnow tloaelehileng, Grayling European, bullhead tloaelehileng. Kaofela ha bona ba ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book ea Republic of Tatarstan. Ho phaella moo, ka e le mabopong a ea Kyrykmaks noka armhole bone mefuta e mashome a supileng a metso e mehlano ea linonyana, leshome le metso e supileng la leo - ". Red Book" le Ea bobeli kenyeletsa Harrier tšimo, Meadow harrier, tšoeu-gelada ntsu 'me a ba bang. Ka naha ea sefika le lehae la mefuta e joalo ka seoelo ba limela le liphoofolo e le anguis brittle, adder, mollo-mankholi linqanqana krasnobryuhaya.

Nature Tatarstan morui, 'me kahoo boloka ka Krasnoborsky Geological karolo. ketsahalo e sa lona le bolela glacial nako Dneprovskoe glacial epoch. Special boemo ea molao ea ea sebakeng seo o ile a sireletsa lumella ho boloka sebaka sa tlhaho sefika makgetheng buka e ikhethang Geological hore na boleng ba tikoloho le tsa saense.

Lithibelo ka hare ho mehloli ea lintho tsa tlhaho

Ka hare ho meeli ea karolo Geological Krasnoborsky le "floodplain Kyrykmas" ba e thehilweng lithibelo. U ke ke ua etsa mesebetsi ea khoebo ka 'nang tshusumetso e mpe ho ea liemahale tsa tlhaho' me baahi ba eona. Hlomamisa thohako ka ho feletseng ka dipatlisiso efe kapa efe morolo ka Krasnoborsky Geological karolo, ntshetsopele ya mobung matsoai ka hare ho eona. Ka hare ho meeli ea sefika tlhaho "Floodplain Kyrykmas noka" ke khoneha mokhatlo oa leha e le efe ka metsing 'me koloi ke ke tla lumelloa lema naha, kaho ea meaho le mehaho, hammoho le puisano leha e le efe' me tsa dibopeho tsa motheo. Hape, ho na le thibelo ea polokelo ea lik'hemik'hale tse chefo le ho phetha mesebetsi efe kapa efe e ka 'na kenya letsoho hore ho sa ho qhala tsa dithulaganyo tsa tlhaho.

Ke mang ea nang le lefa la tlhaho?

Natural liemahale tsa Tatarstan tse linaheng tse nang le naha ea temo. Ba boemo-o ne a ena le leng teng libakeng tse latelang: Krasnoborsk, Staroslyakovskoe, Devyaterninskoe metsana mahaeng Agryz setereke masepala.

E le hore ho boloka tsamaiso ea tsena tsa tlhaho ho na le ba libakeng tse (a sireletsa libakeng tse) sireletsoa. Ho ea ka boemo cadastre, palo ea bona palo yohle e 163.

Kahoo, rephabliki ea Tatarstan e na le histori e ruileng. Ka lebaka la molemo libaka sebaka le o ikhethang libaka tsa tlhaho, sebaka ka linako tsohle ke ea bohlokoa ka ho khetheha ho batho ba bangata. Hona joale ho na le ntshetsopeleng mafolofolo tsa Tatarstan. Selemo le selemo ho inflow bahahlauli lakatsa ho tloaela mehloli sebopeho le liemahale tsa naha ena e ntle le e hlollang.