Cervical le thoracic vertebra: tlhaloso, sebopeho, mesebetsi. Compression fracture tsa vertebra thoracic

Lesapo la mokokotlo ke motheo oa tsamaiso ea musculoskeletal motho. Lesapo la mokokotlo e fapaneng S-e bōpehileng joaloka foromo, e etsa bonnete ba fetoha le maemo a sona le elasticity, 'me hape ntsetso-peleng utloe efe kapa efe hore bonahala ha mathang, ho tsamaea ho tloaelehile,' me tse ling tse ngata mesebetsi meleng. The lenaneng la lesapo la mokokotlo e lumella motho hore a tsamaee ka kotloloho, tšoara mele tsitsitseng, ho boloka 'mele o ka ho leka-lekana. Le thoracic vertebra - ke e 'ngoe ea likarolo tse khōlō tsa orilla ka.

Joang lesapo la mokokotlo

mokokotlo e entsoe ka masapo nyane bitsoa vertebrae. The palo e kenyeletsa likotoana tse 24, e 'ngoe ka mor'a e' ngoe e amana le boemo perpendicular. vertebrae li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse fapaneng: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic le 5 lumbar. Sebakeng se tlaase la mokokotlo, ho lumbar e, sacrum beha accommodating 5 vertebrae li amana ka lesapo le le leng. Feela tlase karolo e sacral na le coccyx e ka tlaase ea e hape teng fused vertebrae.

tlhaloso

Mele o vertebra na le sebopeho cylindrical le e nkoa e le sebaka se matla ka ho fetisisa leo ka lona oela ya bohlokwa behang mojaro. Ka mor'a 'mele e na le vertebral khoro e bōpehileng joaloka halofo ea masale le Spikes radiating. Shackle vertebra le bolulo lona, ho bōpa Spinebone temana. The palo ea mekoti ka tsohle vertebrae leshano hantle e mong ka holimo e mong, ke karolo ea kanale lesapo la mokokotlo. E ne a rerile hore ho boloka methapo ea mali, lesapong la mokokotlo 'me metso methapo ea kutlo.

Ka sebopeho sa le kanaleng e ntse e sebetsang Spinebone maqhutsu, har'a leo ligaments bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa: kamorao longitudinal le mosehla. Last bolelelane unit trust pulls ka vertebrae tsa kutu tse ka morao, 'me maqhama a bosehla ba lemenong haufinyane. Vertebral khoro na dithulaganyo 7, eo e ka holimo ka tlaase le e kopanetsoeng ameha tlhahiso ea manonyello a tšobotsi le makala a ho parola le spinous tšoare boeena ligaments le mesifa.

The vertebrae ea lesapo la mokokotlo thoracic - e spongy lesapo hare bona e taba koahetsoeng kwa thata cortical pakellanang. Cancellous lesapo e fumaneha ka crossbar le thehoa cavities hore na e khubelu lesapo moko.

intervertebral disk

Located interm tse peli haufi vertebrae mme ba na le mofuta o mong oa e lekaneng, le boreleli gasket. Ka bohareng ba disk intervertebral o teng, e khubung pulposus, le nang le elasticity molemo 'me o etsa mosebetsi oa mojaro paatsepama tsa depreciation. E koahela ena konokono selotlolo mekhahlelo lesakaneng fibrous, lokisa hore ba maemong a bohareng, 'me thibela displacement tsa vertebrae le ka tataiso ea tangent mong ho e mong. selika-likoe Fibrous na le palo e khōlō ea likhoele matla le interlayers tsa skew ka bokaholimo tse tharo.

tšobotsi manonyeletso

From Spinebone lipoleiti tse articular tšobotsi (makala), tse amehang ho hlahisa manonyeletso tšobotsi. Cervical le thoracic vertebrae amana ka manonyello a mabeli rarahaneng, teng marakong bobeli ea khoro ea mola bohareng ea 'mele symmetrically. Intervertebral spines haufi vertebrae ke ikutloeleng e mong le tse ling. lipheletsong tsa bona li koahetsoeng ka articular boreleli lefufuru, eo ka eona ka ho eketsehileng ho fokotsa khohlano lipakeng tsa masapo ho theha e kopanetsoeng.

foramen

Likarolong lateral ba lenaneng la vertebral ke foraminal lumens thehoa ke makala a kopanetsoeng, 'mele le maoto tse pedi haufi vertebrae. masoba ana na le tsoa saeteng ya mothapo lesapo la mokokotlo kanale le methapo ea kutlo le metso. The mothapo, e haholo fapana, feta ka kanale lesapo la mokokotlo, fa phallo ea mali ho metso methapo ea kutlo.

mesifa paravertebral

Di haufi mokokotlo. bohlokoa ba 'ona ka sehloohong - ke ho boloka la mokokotlo,' me ho ka etsahala hore li hlahise mefuta e fapaneng ya mekhatlo batho sebedisa pan le sekama.

Thoracic vertebra: mesebetsi lona

Bohlokoa ba lenaneng la lesapo la mokokotlo a ke ke a overestimated, hobane o etsa mesebetsi 'maloa tsa bohlokoa:

• tšireletso ea (ho boloka khoele lesapo la mokokotlo);
• dilenaneo (motsamao oa hlooho le 'mele);
• ya referense.

Cervical mokokotlo

Sebakeng sena, ho na le 7 vertebrae. A tsobotsi bath ya karolo ena - tsamaiso ea eona. Mona ke pele vertebra selekane le atlelase, e fapana ho ea ka mofuta o mong sebopeho. Karolong e anterior ea selekane e le masatsoana sekame bitsoa leino. Atlanta ha fana ka bakeng sa ho ba teng ha 'mele vertebral. Sebopeho 2 kenyelletsa ditokiseletso ka ho ba teng ha mehele, moo pele ke ka pele 'me e mong - ba ka morao. Lehlakoreng lenaneng la ba nolofalletsang ho kopane hammoho. Ka lebaka mojaro nyane ho vertebrae cervical ke le mokhutšoanyane ka seemo.

Bohlokoa ba ho molaleng ho 'mele oa motho

lefapha Cervical thusa hore ho ea ka tšebetso ea likarolong tse ngata ea 'mele e ke keng ea o ile a re mabapi le batho thoracic vertebrae. Tsena li akarelletsa:

• methapo ea sefahleho;
• mahlo, nko le molomo;
• elbows;
• thyroid;
• le pituitary tšoelesa.

Mafu a amanang le mafu a ea mosebetsing oa vertebrae cervical

Lenane la ho kula ho ka khonehang e latelang:

• goiter, tšoaetso a hlobaetsang le ho hema;
• sinusitis, eczema;
• bohloko ka manonyello le mesifa ea lehetleng;
• laryngitis, metso;
• fokotseha ponong, utloa ho oa;
• hlooho e opang, runny nko, khopolong ea kholofalo.

Lintlha phahameng sithabetsang

sebakeng molaleng e nkoa e le ea hlokolosi ka ho fetisisa ho mefuta eohle ea likotsi bapisoa le mokokotlo. Ena e na le tlhaloso ea eona:

• a mangata tse nyenyane;
• mesifa corset, eo e fokola ka molala karolo;
• khanya phetha molao thatafala tsa vertebrae ho sebakeng seo.

Thoracic mokokotlo

Ho na le fumaneha 12 vertebrae, tse khomaretse litopo tsa likhopo. Morpheme thehoa vertebrae le metshetshe tlohang sternum. Ho lesapo la khomaretse lipara tse 10 feela tsa likhopo, ha ba bang ba lule ba mahala.

Ha eketseha appreciable laela ka orilla lesapo la mokokotlo, ka nako eo eketsa ka boholo le ka litopo vertebral. Ho boetse ho le teng ba bang likoting costal. Hangata, vertebra le e mong o ile a fumana hore ho na le poluyamok tse peli, e 'ngoe e ka holimo' me e mong - ho tlase.

Thoracic vertebra: thepa ea motheo

A tsobotsi bath tsa sebakeng seo mokokotlo ke hore ke kopanele tšebeletsong. Attributable ho mojaro oa hae hoo e ka bang ka hlokomolohuoang. Leha ho le joalo morpheme sebetsang sebakeng sa hae e le tšehetso ka sehloohong bakeng sa sefuba. Ka tloaelo, karolo ena ea morao e lokela ho ba tšoanang le lengolo le "C", le roundness e lebisitsoe ka santhao. Fumanehang mona bakeng sa disk intervertebral e tšoauoa ka bophahamo nyenyane. Sena ke lebaka la ho fokotsa ho reteleha ha sebaka joalo. Ho phaella moo, ea mahloriso ea kganna tsamaiso thusa elongate lesapo la mokokotlo le dithulaganyo spinous. E o na le sebōpeho sa lithaele.

Mafu a ya sebakeng thoracic

karohano ena o na le kanale lesapo la mokokotlo, eo e moqotetsane haholo. Originators ea ketsahalo e sa compression ea vertebrae ba ka 'na ba sebopeho khōlō. Tsena li akarelletsa:

• hernia;
• lihlahala tse sa tšoaneng;
• osteophyte.

Haeba ho na le e ne e le ho lemala mokokotlo

Fracture tsa vertebrae thoracic - ke tsenyo e bakiloeng ke ka hare ho botšepehi anatomical la mokokotlo, a tsamaea le bohloko, tsepamisa maikutlo tabeng ea site ya lemetseng, 'me deformation ea orilla lesapo la mokokotlo ka sebakeng lemetseng. Ho phaella moo, ho na le ke ho ruruha ya dinama tse nyenyane tse ho hloka taolo le bonolo 'me mosebetsi tshwanelanang tsa litho tsa pelvic le maoto le matsoho. E mong joalo compression fractures ka ba.

Ke eng ena

Compression fracture ea ho vertebra thoracic e a petetswa. Ka lebaka leo, ho lemala joalo ke ka lebaka la compression la mokokotlo, moo vertebrae mora phatloha ho hoholo, ho unsolder le pantshisi-tse. Hangata ka ho fetisisa utloa bohloko ho tswa ho karolo e mahareng le ho e ka tlaase ea e lumbar le thoracic.

Haeba motho a oela ho tswa ho bophahamo kapa sekamisoa sharply, lesapo la mokokotlo bends le selikalikoe, e leng ho fokotseha ka potlako mesifa boima le haholo eketsa khatello ea ka sebakeng seo ka pele la mokokotlo.

Leha ho le joalo, e kholo ka ho fetisisa mojaro sebakeng a ena ka karolelano thoracic karolo. Ka lebaka la feteng ketso fisioloji tsa elasticity la mokokotlo bonahala chesele compression, 'me ka lebaka leo - fracture tsa vertebra thoracic.

lesapo la mokokotlo sethaleng lethopa

Compression fracture ka aroloa maemo a mararo tsa mathata, ea etsang qeto boholo ba deformation ea 'mele oa vertebral. Ha khahloa ke lenaneng la lesapo la mokokotlo ka sethaleng 1st, bolelele ba 'mele vertebrae hae e fokotsehile ka 1/3, ha 2nd pontshi - 1/2,' me esita le ka phokotso ea boraro e fetang halofo.

Hangata tshenyo Category 1 di nkoa e le kamehla, 'me ba 2nd le 3rd - sa tsitsang, e fapana e bobebe pathological vertebrae. Tšenyo e ka ba e ka ba bonngoeng kapa ka bongateng. Hangata ka ho fetisisa, li le pel'a bohareng ba sefuba.

ke lisosa tsa fractures ea orilla lesapo la mokokotlo seo

Thoracic vertebrae na thatafala molemo 'me ka mamella mohlomong phetha molao mejaro. Felisoeng ha botšepehi ba le hlaha ka lebaka la ho lintlha tse itseng:

• e kholo chelete oa khatello ea kelello ka bacha;
• lesapo osteoporosis (phokotso ea lesapo segokanyipalo taba amanang le ho haella ha k'halsiamo ka sebopeho bona);
• ho ba teng ha lefuba kapa metastatic adenomas, ea isang ho ho putlama ha 'mele vertebral;
• khaello k'halsiamo 'meleng (bana).

makgetheng tloaelehileng la mokokotlo fracture

Ho na le litšoantšo tsa motho ka mong ho e ntša kotsi compression ea thoracic ho:

• bohloko nakong mojaro ka molamu mokokotlo;
• thata ho hema nakong kena senyehile;
• bohloko hanyenyane 'me tsitsipano mesifa sebakeng morao fracture ena.

Dikotsi vertebrae hangata tlolang molao radiating bohloko sebakeng seo ba mpeng. Matšoao a shoele litho le mafu a ea noka ea senola mosebetsi bophelo bo botle ka seoelo, feela ka mor'a ho hlōloa tsa sebakeng letsoele, kapa haeba ho na le spondylolisthesis (displacement tsa vertebrae thoracic).

Tabeng ea e fracture tsa vertebrae cervical hlokomelwe e sa tloaelehang boemong ba hlooho, hammoho le diriswa ba matsoapo a eona, mekhatlo, tsitsipano ea mesifa ea molala. Hoo e ka bang mong le e mong compression ea boraro ntša kotsi ya orilla lesapo la mokokotlo a tsamaea le ke nyakallo ea metso methapo ea kutlo ea thapo lesapo la mokokotlo le Roala lona.

Ke ke hobane'ng ha u lokela ho sireletsa mokokotlo wa hao ho tswa ho fractures tse sa tšoaneng le ho sisinyeha ka tšohanyetso, kahoo a se ke a lematsa vertebrae thoracic.