ZIL-157: tobileng le difoto

"ZIL 157" (photo photo photo photo ka koloing tse hlahisoang ka leqepheng la), e matla teraka, e neng e etsoa ka nako e Soviet Union e fektheri Likhachev, ho tloha 1958 ho 1991. mochine o na le litšobotsi tsa tsohle-mabili tsohle-sebaka koloi, 'me ka hona ho hlahisa seriale ile ikemiseditseng teraka ea Makhotla e hlometseng tsa Soviet Union. Tabeng ena, ea itseng palo ea "ZIL 157" e ne e sebelisetsoa moruo ea sechaba.

lintlafatso

Ka 1961, ea mohlala ile fetotsoeng 'me a fumana li-index "ZIL 157K." Phetolelo e ncha ea koloi e ile ea e hlahisitseng ho fihlela ka 1978, ka nako eo ba ile ba fallela ho hlahisoeng lona ho Ural Automobile Plant (UAMZ), empa tlas'a lebitso la "ZIL 157KD". Mochine o mocha o fapane le kgale ntafaditsweng phetiso, e ka tšeptjoang le 'ngoe disk clutch, e axial ntle go lekalekanyo le esita le mojaro oa kabo le telescopic makala absorbers. Driving tshebetso ya ea mohlala fetotsoeng e hape ntlafala, tekanyo ea eketseha ho tloha km 60 ho ea ho ea 65 ka hora. Phetolelo e ntlafalitsoeng e bile fumaneha ka nako e itseng ho tloaela, "Zil 157" eo lifoto ba ne ba sa hatisitsoeng kae kapa kae, o ne a classified e le thepa leha e le efe ea sesole ea nako eo.

'Mele oa koloi e ne e le sethala sa lehong le koahetsoeng ka metshetshe longitudinal tšepe eo sireletsa khahlanong abrasion. mapolanka ea a bokella ho tloha lipoleiti tsa lehong, botenya 20 le bophara ba millimeters 80. Ho meralo matla longitudinal ho parola mekoallo tota le ka masakaneng tšepe. boto pele e ile mounted fixedly le lehlakoreng le ka morao reclined, ka tsela eo ka botlalo se qalong sethaleng 'mele. Kahoo, laollang la sesole le thepa leha e le efe o atlehe habonolo 'me ka potlako.

From lebothong la moruo ea sechaba

Koloi "ZIL 157KD" o ne a hlahiswa ho fihlela ka 1991, 'me ka tshebetso e ka koloing e-s'o fetohe, ho ditekanyetso tsohle botekgeniki botlalo kopana ditlhoko tsa tshebetso. 'Me ho tloha lebotho a qala ho hlahisa tsohle-sebaka koloi ka 1966 ka dimela Likhachev "Zil 131", phepelo ea "ZIL 157KD" ka Makhotla a ka a hlometseng tsa USSR mokhoa o sa fellang khaotsa. mochine e ka ho eketsehileng a sebelisa ka boenjiniere le lehae, ka mapolasi kopanetsweng le mmuso le meru. E ka tšeptjoang, a ikokobelitse sebaka koloi e fetohile sesebelisoa se bohlokoa haholo masimong a sa tšoaneng.

Model "ZIL 157B" terekere ntle 'mele, e ne e haholo-holo e loketseng lipalangoang ka ho rengoa ha lifate. E matla traction lumelloa ho sebelisa mochine bakeng sa ho tsamaisa ba likutung e telele.

litšobotsi tse botekgeniki

Entsprechen ya dikarolo ka sehloohong le likopanong, "Zil 157" kopana ditlhoko phahameng ka ho fetisisa ka nako eo. Ho tloha ka mochine o ne a ya hlahiswa bakeng sa Soviet Army, bakeng sa tlhahiso ea lona ha aa ka a qenehela chelete. Kahoo, "Zil 157", litšobotsi tsa eo ha ho hlokahale hore ho ntlafala, bokella ka lebanta conveyor ka nyeoe e 'ngoe ea khale, ka lilemo tse ka ntle ho fetola theknoloji.

koloing ile a hlomelloa ka enjene ea bokgoni karolelano le phetiso le shafts drive tse hlano, e mong oa tse kopanya aba unit trust le gearbox e, tse peli tse li fetiselitseng chenchana tsa pele le liase bohareng. La bone le la bohlano la cardan theko e amahanya borokho bohareng ho morao, ka ho le lipakeng behang kopano.

bese

Mabili "Zil 157" o ne a tebileng hata directional, hoo e batlang e felisa slippage. Ka lekhetlo la pele ka ho indasteri e ruuoang likoloi ka terakeng neng e behiloe ka oona tsamaisong paging ho laola khatello ea lebili. Punctures le mekoti e nyenyane mabili a se ama ea mathang la mochine, konpresser e ka tsela e iketsang pumped hlokahalang palo ya moea ho buseletsa bakeng sa ho haella ha khatello. From setulong sa mokhanni o boetse a khona ho kenyeletsa pompa mochine.

Mabili "Zil 157", har'a ba bang, ba ne ba etselitsoe ho mokhatlo oa ka lehloa moroetsana kapa libakeng tse mokhoabo. Bakeng sa morero ona ho ne ho hlokahala hore ho fokotsa khatello ea ho 0.7 atmospheres. Mabili a lula, bokaholimo bona ea e-ba bophara. Mora ea fetang karolo le likarolo tse ngata, e lebili hape pumped ho fihlela ho khatello tloaelehileng ea 2,8 atmospheres.

tsamaiso e khopo tsidifatso

Moqomo le literata "Zil 157" le "baki" koetsoeng mofuta. Ke e potoloha setsidifatsi sekgoqetsane. Radiator e ne e le mohaho o tubular, loketseng ka foufatsa paatsepama. Tšeletseng bladed fene lebili e fana ka tsidifatso eketsehileng.

Ke go tlhoka mesola hahang Cooling tsamaiso e khopo "Zil 157" ka ngotsoe ho nahanela ya enjene mocheso tlaase. Ho ho tloswa 10 likhato ile ka tlameha ho sebelisa e khethehileng bakeng sa ho li sireletsang serameng shrouds tsa enjene lekareche, kaha tsamaiso Cooling ha e tšehetse mocheso batlang. Ka mor'a moo, ho themosetate e se e phetheloa, empa housings sa ntse di kenyelleditswe ka mochini ambalaji.

Engine "Zil 157"

• silindara bokgoni - 5559 cm, / 3;
• mofuta - peterole, carburetor;
• palo e kahodimodimo matla - 109 hp |;.
• nomoro ea diselennere - 6, ka-line tokisetsong ena;
• silindara bophara - 101,6 limilimithara;
• compression karo-karolelano - 6.2;
• Cooling - antifreeze;
• lintho tse bonahalang - tšepe le literata silindara, silindara hlooho aluminium;
• e mene - tshebetso;
• odara 1-5-3-6-2-4 ea diselennere;
• mafura A-66, e-ea 72.

phetiso

Manual phetiso, a-mohato tse hlano:

• Model 151;
• switjha - mokatong Lever.

Gear dikabo:

• Gear bohlano (otlolohileng) - 0,81;
• bone Gear - 1,00;
• boraro Gear - 1,89;
• bobeli Gear - 3,32;
• pele phetiso - 6,24;
• Etsolla - 6,70.

Aba lebokose, ba babeli-sethaleng:

Gear dikabo:

• pele phetiso - 2,44;
• bobeli Gear - 1,24;
• ka sehloohong phetiso drive liase - nang molekane, 6,67.

Litekanyo le litšobotsi tse boima ba 'mele

• ea boima ba 'mele palo yohle e 10.190 lik'hilograma;
• bolelele 6684 limilimithara;
• bophahamo: feletseng, ka awning 2915 limilimithara, ntle awning 2360 limilimithara;
• 2315 limilimithara bophara;
• ka pele ya hau ya pina 1755 limilimithara;
• ka morao ya hau ya pina 1750 limilimithara;
• lebili botlaaseng 3 665 + 1 120 limilimithara;
• fatše rengwa (rengwa) - 310 limilimithara.

diphetolo

Nakong ea ho hlahisa "ZIL 157" o ne a bōpiloe ke motso version mantlha, e leng etsa mosebetsi o itseng. Ho phaella moo, ho ne ho na le morero oa likoloi khethehileng:

• mollo teraka le tanka ea metsi ka bokgoni ba boima ba lithane tse 4,5, extendable lere le habeli ezalaki na mwa ndako bakeng sa basebetsi;
• koloi le ho fehla motlakase tshohanyetso beha ho o fumanela tsona motlakase nakoana de-matlafatsa beha dintho.
• ea mohlala ka matlafatsoa ka pele bumper bakeng towing ke pushing;
• likoloi hlomelloa le baot e, tse reretsoeng ho hula tsoa petetsane lebili le pineng e makoloi;
• motheo ea mohlala "Zil 157", khatiso 1958;
• terekere "157B";
• e le setsi ea mohlala ho tloha ka 1961, "157K";
• terekere ka 1961, "157KV";
• ea mohlala botlaaseng le 1978 "157KD";
• terekere ka 1978, "157KDV";
• E chesang e mongobo tlhahiso le tsamaiso ntlafatsoa tsidifatso le radiator ka metsi likolohileng, "157YU";
• ke diyantle ea mohlala "157E";
• ea mohlala ka thepa sireletsoa, sirelelitseng - "157G";
• ea mohlala ka sirelelitseng thepa o ile a sireletsa ho tloha 1961 - "157KG";
• ea mohlala khetheha kopanetsoe mafura ditanka, palo yohle bophahamo ba modumo ea a etsang dilitara tse 300 - "Zil 157E".

Kakaretso ea 797 934 likoloi li ne li hlahisitseng tsa diphetolo tsohle, "morena oa off-tseleng", e le "Zil 157" eo ho buuoang ka batho.

Enjene e ncha

Ea mohlala botlaaseng 1978 "157KD" ile a hlomelloa le enjene, le koloi le momahaneng "Zil 130". compression karo-karolelano e ile ea eketseha ho tloha 6.2 ho wa 6.5. Piston sehlopha - tsamaisang baeti silindara, pistons, beha ya mehele compression, menoana, tlohang molamu feletseng alima enjene "130". setlolo tsamaiso e khopo haholo fetohile oli e hona joale hloekisa ka filtara centrifugal.

Metsi pompo matla e ile haholo eketseha, mounted alternator-holo e ncha, diseke ee, le sebetsang hamolemo unit trust. Kamehla starter nkeloa sebaka ke vysokooborotisty, e ile ea eketseha ka matla. pack tlwaelehileng o ile a fa tsela ea ho ikopanya le tsamaiso transistor thothetsang molelo. Enjene ntlafalitsoeng e ile hlomamisa "ZIL 157KD" ka ea lekala Ural tsa ZIL.

"ZIL 157" disele

The nako ho hlahisoeng tsohle-sebaka koloi, dimela matla disele, eo e ne e tla ya hlahiswa o pharalletse liindasteri ha a eo. Ka hona, ka USSR, literaka bohle ba ne ba hlomeletsoe feela Motors peterole. Leha ho le joalo, "Zil 157" ka ka molao-motheo o ho beha D245-12S enjene disele cha, ha ho hlokahale hore ho fetola letho, tsohle ntseng bo eketseha le ho emisa seketsoana seemelong dilenaneo le predach lebokose ka habonolo ikamahanya le maemo. Ho ke ke ho hlokahala feela hore ba khaola le kamehla ka morao tšehetso masakaneng le ao cheseletse tloha "Zil 130" kapa "131 Zil '. Leha ho le joalo, ha kenya enjene disele tlameha ho itokisetsa ho bonahalang sisinya mochine kaofela ke mpe feela ba modernization joalo.

marokho

Koloi "Zil 157" ho sa tsotellehe hore phetolo e hlomelloa le tse tharo tsa e tšoanang mofuta mathang ho Gear. lipolanete ena, semiaxial marokho, ka differentials ena. The dikabo Gear ba likere tšoanang bakeng sa maballo tsohle tse tharo. ntseng bo eketseha ka masakaneng li etselitsoe bakeng sa elliptical lekhasi liliba, le hoja ho fanyeha ne a ka ba le pendulum le kela liliba le haeteroliki absorbers makala.

Ho ena le hoo thata maemo a ho sebetsa, "Zil 157" marokho tse nang tse matla, o qobelloang bayemi ho sheba ho fumana tharollo povyshayushie koloi suspensions tšeptjoang. sekemeng e se e ntshetswa pele ka ho lekaneng le bonolo le le e ka tšeptjoang, e leng ho akarelletsa ho ho hlongoa absorbers haeteroliki makala.

tsohle halofo mola ka koloing ba ikopanya le meropa liheloe-tšepe, eo e leng karolo ea "157" tsamaiso e atlehang haholo braking. Diboloko di lintho tse bonahalang bokahohleng "feredo" sebelitse duleng diatla. Koloi e hoo e ka bang mohla setseng matshwao hata tseleng, setopong e ne e le boreleli 'me ntle le jerks, tse hangata tsamaea le thibelo ea likoloi e boima.

Litokiso koloi

Ho sa tsotellehe tsela e bonolo ho e haha le bophelo tšebeletso e telele, "morena oa off-tseleng" ka linako tse ling khefu. Leha ho le joalo, beng hona joale u se ke ua tšoenyeha-sebaka koloi likarolo a qenehela "Zil 157" e nyehlisitsoe ka bongata bo lekaneng. Ka nako ea Soviet Union, ho tšoanang le le ho hlahisa likoloi, haholo-holo literaka, ho sebetsa lifekthering bakeng sa tlhahiso ea lebokosana lokisa. 'Me, e le busa, likarolo fokoletsoe hlahisoa ngata hole feteng batloang. Bana e ne e ya ditjeo tsa ea moruo rerile, empa ke leboha ho bona hore kajeno o ka reka hoo e ka bang lintho tsohle tseo u hloka ho lokisa koloi.