State Nature Reserve Zeya, Amur Region

naha Russia e tumme ka botle ba tlhaho. Ho ba sireletsa tšusumetsong e mpe ea motho, likhutlong sireletswa bōpiloe ka boemo ba naha. Se seng sa libaka tsena ke lere Zeya Reserve ba ile ba khona ho boloka lintho tsa tlhaho ke hoo e batlang e senyeha.

Location le sebopeho sa naha

Kahoo, moo ke Zeya Reserve? sebaka sa eona e leng ho Hōle Bochabela Federal District, le teng haufi le moeli oa Russia le China. Tsamaiso, a bua ka e le Region Amur.

pokello e ae phethang karolong e ka bochabela ea orilla ka lebitso la mohlolo Tukuringa moo lithaba sebaka a tšela se moqotetsane noka phuleng ena Zeya, bao tlhompho le e mong ea bitsoang Sepheo. Se hōle e toropong ea Zeya, e na le histori ea boholo-holo.

Sebaka pokello - hectars holimonyana feela ho tse 82 tse sekete. sebopeho sa naha lona e tšoauoa ka matsoapo a moepa (ho fihlela ho 70 likhato) le watersheds a bataletseng hore laola ho bottoms ea liphula noka ka limithara tse 400-600. linoka tse tšoauoa ka botebo haholo, a e ngata menyako leketlileng melomo le liphororo.

History la pōpo ea pokello ea

Zeya Reserve ho ile ha thehoa ka etsa boikhathatso ba e ikhethang Union jioloji Alexander Stepanovich Khomentovskii. Ka kakaretso, ho thehoa e ne e ntse e twenties ea tse lekholo tse fetileng, empa e se e ba ile ba fallela pele feela ka sixties ea. Tsoalo Selemo Reserve o ile a qala 1963rd.

morero oa oona ka sehloohong tshireletso ya bakeli ho beha bolela saeteng lihlabeng le ho ithuta eona. Ho phaella moo, bo-rasaense ba ke mona ho hlokomela tshusumetso ya Zeya pokello ka tsamaiso ea tlhaho.

Mosebetsi o atlehe ka pokello moru mr go, foresters le bathusi ba bona, ke tsamaea ka maoto, ka pere, ka sekepe kapa likepe kamehla hlahloba tšimong ea matleng a tsona 'me u boloke taelo.

makgetheng klimate

Boemo ba leholimo ba pokello e batang tekano. karolelano ea selemo le selemo mocheso - ho tloswa likhato tse 'nè ho tse tšeletseng. Mariha mocheso marotholi ho likhato mashome a mararo ka tlase lefela, 'me nakong ea lehlabula ka seoelo e hlaha ka holimo vosemnatsati.

Mariha e hlakile, malovetrenaya omileng. Lehloa oela e nyenyane, empa hobane mocheso tlaase bolokiloe tsitsitse, ha ho qhibiliha 'me e pholletsa le mariha, ho tloha ka October ho April. Bophahamo ba lehloa drifts lithoteng tsa le mosiko libakeng fihla disentimetara mashome a mabeli, empa haufi le leholimong, lehloa haholoanyane. Le mong le e mong kilometer dari bophahamo sekoahelo sa eona e ile ea eketseha ka emetse disentimitara mashome a mararo.

Selemo ka pokello ea amplify moea, empa pula tlaase haholo. mocheso e bolokwa ka ho lekaneng pholile. Summer Zeya Reserve makatsa baeti ba lona le lipono tse makatsang hlollang - ka fihlang ho e ka holimo ea linōka ka semelo sa lithunthung ciliegia unmelted leqhoa. Ka kakaretso, nakong ea lehlabula likarolong tse ngata tsa tšimo eo e tšoauoa ka boemo ba leholimo e mofuthu le mongobo. Ka hoetla ke o omileng le phefo tota. The pula bonyane oela ka October.

The mobu ka pokello ea

Sekoahelo mobu pokello le ke keng la bitsoa nonneng. Karolong e ka bochabela ea orilla tse moeling ka libaka tsa permafrost, 'me sena e na le tšusumetso mobu. Lera hoammeng ke metsi, 'me qetellong a koahela lithaba e overdried le Stony. depressions A mobu le troughs, ho fapana le hoo, batho ba fetang-ba phelelang ho mongobo, e leng ke hape ha esengaka ho tsoalo.

matamo

linōka tsohle hore tšela sebakeng sa pokello ea amana beisine la nōka ea Zeya, eo Zeya pokello haha.

Pele ho bōptjoa ha se entsoeng ke motho leoatle noka fapane tlhaku manganga. Movement ka e ne e le hoo e ka bang ke ke ha khoneha ka lebaka la sekhahla e khōlō phallo le palo e khōlō ea Shoals le liphororo. Ka likotsi tsa ho tsamaea ka nōkeng bontša mabitso a likarolo tsa lona: Large le Small malimo, Diabolose ontong, joalo-joalo

Hang nakong ea lehlabula Zeya khaphatseha litlhokoa, le metsana e haufi le moo ile ba iphumana ba le tlas'a puso ea metsi. Ka ho hahoa ha matamo monna khona ho tame ea thatafetseng lea. Kajeno Zeya ke likepe le tlisa ngata ea bohlokoa ho feta ho feta leha e le neng pele.

Sebaka palo yohle tlas'a 'mele metsi ka pokello ke hectars 770. Ha e le hantle e le nōka. Ho na le mekhoabong.

meroho lefatše

Meroho pokello libaka ke lithaba-tundra, boreal rarahaneng. Karolong e ka tlaase ea orilla ho ke larch khanyang ka sekoahelo sa rosemary; feela ka holimo ke meru phaene le thaba ea ka seoelo molora, birch le woolly lefika (fatše mona e koahetsoeng ka tala boriba); le ka holimo haholo ho ya ka leboteng sa finyellehe habonolo e ntse e hōla hahabang kedare.

Tseo matsoapo a orilla, e leng di a lebisitsoe ho pokello ea, tšoauoa ka ho limela Manchurian. Plateaulike watersheds thusang mafutsana Woody limela - ba le libakeng tse tundra tse koahetsoeng ka lihlahla le litlama.

Reserve Zeya tsebahalang moferong Balck phaene, eo sisinya boholo ba eona. Lifate fihla limithara tse mashome a mararo le bophahamo le tsa mitha ka girth. Ba phela lilemo tse 'nè. Tse ling tsa libaka tse sa moo kalse mohbat ile pele a timetsoa ka mollo, e hona joale overgrown le larch Gmelin.

Meadow limela ka hanyane pokello, 'me ho ke ke e boetse e atisa ho ba lebaka la mollo, ha a le sebaka sa moferong ea chesoa Balck phaene lehlaka hlaha pherese le Sugawara.

The orilla ka 'na sa bitsoa Tukuringra' muso ea hona joale ea li-fungus. Mona ba ne ba se a ntse a 158 mefuta e. Ba bang ba bona bola lehong shoele. From mefuta e sa tsoaneng tse jeoang li fumanoa ka tsela e latelang: masheromo tšoeu, bolete ba tloaelehileng, e khubelu bolete, greasers, le larch bosehla agaric sebele, safrone, Lactarius pubescens.

Boriba di fumanwa 155 mefuta e, a boela a fumana mofuta mashome a mabeli-le leng la bryophytes. 637 ya dimela vascular ka fumanoa pokello ea.

Lihlahla le laoloa ke rosemary hlaha, Dahurian rhododendron, blueberries, Rosa acicularis, karolelano Spiraea le matsoelintsoeke. The libaka tse mongobo 'me meru e metsi' me meru e phaene ho na le sedges tse sa tšoaneng, aconite Lyubarskii, Shamrock, Pedicularis Labrador, Volzhanka Asia, Maianthemum bifolium, wintergreen, ts'oara ka letsohong. Meru e omeletseng ho hōla masiba, buttercup Japanese, Amur thuya, bopherese palmate, mefuta e 'maloa ea geranium, goutweed lithaba, aster Tatar, Kozelec tlale thabo.

Zeya Reserve: liphoofolo le linonyana

Pele ho bōptjoa ha Zeya pokello tšoane ha mefuta e tlhapi ka finyellang ka tlaase le e ka holimo ea nōkeng e fapane haholo. Ka mor'a hore lepelela la nōka ea Zeya metšoasong trout, Grayling, tsa whitefish, chub ka potlako o ile a hana. Leha ho le joalo, e ile ea eketseha palo ya gudgeon, dace, rotan le minnow.

tšimong eo Reserve o sebeletsa e le fapohetse ho mefuta e mengata ea liphoofolo. Ho ea ka lithabeng ho tloha leboea ho ea ka boroa ba ile ba fallela liphoofolo tsa Bochabela Siberia. A liphula nōkeng, ho fetisetsa ka matsoapo, ba feta har'a e likete batho ba Amur le liphoofolo, tse latelang, ho fapana le hoo, ho ea ka leboea.

Zeya Reserve e tumme ka masiba a eona, e leng ea khoho, tse fanoang mona e molemo ho feta kae kapa kae e mong ka Bochabela bo Hōle. Har'a mefuta e mengata ka ho fetisisa - Hazel grouse, capercaillie, ptarmigan le tundra, phaene grouse, joalo-joalo

Empa liphoofolo tse hoofed ha ngata. E ka bitsoa likhama, Roe likhama, khubelu likhama le musk khama, 'me esita le ka linako tse ling fihla boar.

Ka hare ho pokello ha ba atile sable, ermine le ba bang ba litho tse ling tsa mongoose ena. Ka linako tse ling ho tluoa tabeng ka mose Kangna ka. Ka mabōpong a lithaba linōka tsa malapa a batho ba 3-5 phela liphiri. Ka tsohle altitudinal mabanta tloaelehile hore batho ba sootho bere. Ka kakaretso, lefatše phoofolo ka matsoapo a Tukuringra orilla feela taiga.

Ho sireletsa mefuta ee ka seoelo

Mosebetsi oa ka pokello e ikemiseditse ho maximally boloka mefuta e sa tloaelehang ea liphoofolo le limela, e leng ho na le tse ngata.

Ha re bua ka limela, a ka Serussia Federation Red Book di kenyelleditswe, tse kang disilipara mofumahali e mong o (sebele le macranthon) epipogium leafless, Paeonia obovata, 'mino oa calypso onion, joalo-joalo

Har'a linonyana tse sa tloaelehang phaene grouse ho se ho boletsoe ka holimo, hammoho le le khantsi e nyenyane, Baikal Teal, Semandarine letata, sephooko, phakoe, o motsho mokotatsie le ba bang.

Ea liphoofolo tse anyesang le sa tloaelehang e ka khetholla liphoofolo tse li jang, e leng e tsebahalang bakeng sa Region Amur le Bochabela bo Hōle ka kakaretso. Sena ke ea Siberia nkoe. mefuta e 'ngoe le kotsing, sireletsa mona - Solongo.

bohahlauli

Re ke ke ra bolela hore Zeya Reserve touristy. Leha ho le joalo, ho e sebakeng sireletsoa, 'me ho ba teng ha batho ba lokela ho lekanyetsoa feela mona. Empa ba neng ba le lehlohonolo ka ho lekaneng ho fumana mona, a etetse pokello tla tlisa e ngata monate.

A lebisa tlhokomelo batsamai tšoaneloa le musiamo tlhaho, tseo a bula ka 1991. U ka boela lokisetsa letsatsi hloa kapa leeto metsi bona libaka le ketelo ea ho Char.

Goltz bitsoa karolo e mahareng tsa mefuta e fapaneng Tukuringra, ka sireletsa ka meru lithaba tundra le kedare Elfin lehong. From ntlha ena leralla bula maikutlo a hlollang tsa Zeya pokello, phuleng ena bohehang le The mokokotlo. Ka boemo ba leholimo ka ho hlakileng, le sebaka ho phethahetseng bonahalang ho e leng sebaka sa km 150.

The hloekileng lithaba moea, meru hloekileng, e le monyetla oa ho kopana le tseleng ea hao phoofolo e hlaha, hammoho le phuputso e entsoeng ka betsetsang mahlo boselamose etsa Zeya Reserve e motle haholo bakeng sa bahahlauli ba e batla maikutlo a matla le ho labalabela ho monyaka bokgabane.