Smolensk Province: counties le metsaneng

Pale ea liprofinseng pele naheng ea Imperial Russia khale selemo 1708. mofuta ona wa kwa kgaolong teng ho fihlela ka 1929. Ka tsela ena ho etsa hore ho makala a tšimong ea diyuniti nyenyane tsamaiso, joaloka karohano lebatowa.

Pale ea profensing ea Smolensk

Nakong ea ho bōptjoa ba liprofinse robeli Peter ke ka 1708 ho ile ha thehoa 'maloa profinseng tse ling Smolensk. Naha sebakeng seo ne e le karolo ea e le 'ngoe ea sebaka seo unit trust mme teng karolong e ka European ea naha. profensing ea Smolensk e ile ea nka ho fihlela ka 1929, o ile ba sebaka nakong ea Phetohelo Soviet Union. Toropong e khōlō ea profinseng eo e ne e nkoa Smolensk.

The khethehileng ba sebakeng se naha kwa kgaolong ya Imperial Russia a fana ka planar le mesebetsi ya moruo le ho fetisisa ba liprofinse tse ling.

Province sehelane moeli le linaha tsena tse latelang:

• profensing ea Tver (leboea le ka leboea-bochabela);
• Moscow le Kaluga (bochabela);
• Orel (boroa - bochabela);
• Chernigov (boroa);
• Mahileu (bophirimela);
• Vitebsk le Pskov (ka leboea-bophirimela ho).

naha Phetohelo

Profinseng Smolensk sa tsoa ne hoo e ka bang leshome le metso e supileng metseng e meholo. Kholo ka ho fetisisa ho bona: Roslavl, Smolensk, White, Vyazma, Dorogobuzh. Leha ho le joalo, ka 1713 profinseng eo e ile qhaloa, karolo lona kholo ka ho fetisisa o ile a ea karolong e ka la provense tsa Province Riga.

Ka mor'a moo, ka mor'a lilemo tse leshome le metso e meraro, ho 'nile ha mokhoa o sa fellang e tsosolositsoeng. E entsoe ka likaroloana tse literekeng tse hlano: Dorogobuzh, Belsky, Smolensk, Vyazma le Roslavl.
Batla hamorao (ka 1775) profinseng eo e ile a etsa liphetoho tse Smolensk leng 'musisi. Ka lebaka la liphetoho tse paballo ya naha e ne e kenyelletsoa ha lintlha tsa counties tse supileng tse ntjha: Kasplyanskogo, Elninskaya, Krasninsky, Gzhatsk, Sychevsky, Porechsky, Ruposovskogo. Lilemo tse seng kae hamorao Ruposovsky le Kasplinsky counties ne fetoloa Yukhnovsky le Duhovschinsky. E ne e feela ka 1796 e leng 'musisi reformatted hape profinseng eo.

Ka nako ya ho tloha 1802 ho 1918 ka mananeo profinseng Smolensk kenyelletsa ditokiseletso literekeng leshome le metso. Tšimo nyenyane ka ho fetisisa hapa Sychevsky - 2825 versts lisekoere.

La tsamaiso ea sebaka setereke profinseng Smolensk:

• Yukhnovsky;
• Vyazemskij;
• Belsky;
• Gzhatskaya;
• Duhovschinsky;
• Elninskaya;
• Sychevsky;
• Dorogobuzh;
• Roslavlsky;
• Smolensk;
• Porechsky;
• Krasninsky.

241 pharishe ile tsa ngolisoa ka seterekeng sa, 4.130 baahi mahaeng le ka e 'ngoe 14.000 lieu libakeng tse. Ho phaella moo, sebaka sa profinseng eo ho ne ho metsana robeli le metsaneng 600. Ba bang kaofela ba fedisa ba ne ba mapolasi, metse e nyenyane, na le polasi. Bolelele profensing ea Smolensk ne 340 vents (mong versta kopana morao-rao limithara tse 1067). sebaka sa eona e ne e ena hanyane versts lisekoere fetang 49212.

baahi

Ho ea ka 1897 palo ea sechaba, ea baahi ba profinseng ea Smolensk ne ho se hokae ho feta halofo ea milione baahi. Metseng e nang le ba etsang liphesente tse ka tlase ho tse leshome ea baahi ba, ba ka bang 121 tse sekete baahi. Pele bo felisoe ba serfdom ka 1761, palo ea serfs tla ho 70% ea kakaretso ea baahi.

profensing ea Smolensk ne tekanyo phahameng ka ho fetisisa oa batho bao e seng ntle motho har'a liprofinseng tsohle tsa Tsarist Russia. Ka ngoloang 'ngoe ka karolelano e ileng ea ba ka bang 60 serfs. Ho ea qetellong ea lekholo la lilemo la bo19 la lilemo o profinseng ea Smolensk, ho ne ho 13 a baitlami, likereke 763 le motseng o mong. Liphesente tse baruti ne tse 0.6% ea palo ea batho ba lula. profensing ea Smolensk ka e le 'ngoe ea sebaka seo unit trust khaotsa ho ba teng ka 1929,' me linaheng tse lona li ne li hapa ho Bophirimela Region.

Industry le temo tikolohong eo

Metsaneng ea profensing ea Smolensk tumme ka tanners ba nang le tsebo le ohlang. baahi ba moo ba haholo-holo ba kopanela temo, lengoa khoahlapisitseng: rye, oats, buckwheat, koro. Ka Rostislavskom seterekeng lengoa nyalothe ka bophahamo ba modumo nyenyane. Ka Vyazma le Sychevsky counties lengoa hemp le folaxe. Motseng Tesovo Sychevskii setereke ne seteishene lnovodnaya. Ho loha le k'hothone-ohla leloala teng motseng oa Yartsevo Duhovschinskogo County. Ka Rostislavskom County sebetsa Matchbox le tlhahiso ea letlalo. Ho ata ka e ne e le ho hlahisa foromeletsoeng ho ea lihlahisoa tsa kristale le lihlahisoa tsa moru. Bielsko - sekontiri le mosebetsi oa setene.

profensing ea Smolensk tumme ka lirapa tsa eona. Haholo-holo ba kopanela ho lema mefuta e sa tsoaneng tse sa tšoaneng tsa liapole, plums le kae. Liapole tse rekiswang Moscow. Empa e le e tsebahalang ka ho temo profensing ea lona Smolensk ha feela.

Smolensk seterekeng

sebaka sena e ne e le ho fetisisa nang le baahi ba ka ho ipapisa le linaheng tse ling. Baahi ba moo ba ne haholo Trade likamano le Lithuanians. Roslavl seterekeng haholo khanna mosebetsi oa temo.

Feela mona hōla buckwheat, harese le nyalothe. E ile ea pele a bōpa Smolensk agrarian setjhabeng bakeng sa tsoelo-pele ea temo. Ho ne ho bolokoang thepa e rekisoang ea temo mechine le lisebelisoa. E neng e tšoaretsoe behang haholo selelekeleng sa nka sebaka sa mohoma mohoma. Lithunya etsoa ke beng ba sebakeng seo, se tlaasana ho molao-motheo oa fektheri.

By 1880 954 lifektheri le fektheri, ho sebetsa profinseng Smolensk. Lilemong tse latelang tse leshome le metso e robeli, palo ea Mills le lifektheri eketseha ka diyuniti robeli. Ka ho khetheha, re ntshetsa pele le ho ntlafatsa chisi fektheri, eo e ne e le ho feta ka etsahala hore ebe ka literekeng ka bochabela ea profinseng eo.

bofello

Hoo e ka bang 1000 tse fetileng, ho ile ha hlaka hore ea ka tšebetso ea atlehang oa puso e lokela ho ba le karohano ka diyuniti tsamaiso. Litšupiso pele intša khutlela X lekholong la lilemo la AD. Princess Olga arotsoe Novgorod linaheng tse ka Mabitla ena. Hamorao lilemong tsa bo-XV, Ivan Grozny ile ka ba le karohano ea Novgorod bohlano ya ntho tšimong ea. Qalong ea lekholo la lilemo la XVIII, ho kenyelletsoa khopolo ea liprofinseng le literekeng. Ba e-ba mochine o ba libaka kajeno le literekeng.