Selelekela ea liphoofolo,: batang-sehloho, liphoofolo tse - ke mang ee?

World ea liphoofolo e sa tšoaneng le e makatse. Ba fapana ho e mong le tse ling tse ka litšobotsi tse ngata tsa likokoana-hloko. Nka rata ho lula u nahana ka taba ea liphoofolo hore ambient mocheso le fumana: liphoofolo tse batang-sehloho, - sena ke seo?

bopa dikgopolo tsa kakaretso

Thutong ea baeloji, ho na le khopolo ea ho a batang-sehloho, (poikilothermic) le mofuthu-sehloho, (homeothermic) phelang. Ho lumeloa hore a batang-sehloho, liphoofolo tse - ba hore ha li sa khaotseng le ho itšetlehile ka mocheso ambient ea 'mele. Mofuthu-sehloho, ha ba na itshetlehileng ena le fapana tiisetso ea mocheso oa 'mele. Kahoo seo liphoofolo li bitsoa batang-sehloho,?

A mefuta e fapaneng ya liphoofolo tse batang-sehloho,

Ka ea liphoofolo, liphoofolo tse batang-sehloho, - tsena ke mehlala ea litlelase tlaase hlophisitsoeng liphoofolong. Tsena li akarelletsa kaofela ha invertebrates le vertebrates: tlhapi, sehahabi, lihahabi. The ntle le mabaka a ke likoena, tseo le tsona li lihahabi. Nakong ea hona joale bakeng sa mofuta ona wa hape etsa mofuta o mong oa phoofolo e anyesang - e hlobotse mole Rat. Ho ithuta ho iphetola ha lintho, bo-rasaense ba bangata ba ho fihlela morao tjena ngotsoe ho a batang-sehloho,, le la li-dinosaur. Leha ho le joalo, ka motsotso joale ho na le tumelo ea hore ba ne ba mofuthu-sehloho, mofuta oa thermoregulation inertial. Sena se bolela hore linatla tsa boholo-holo ba le le matla a ho ipokellela le tšoare ka lebaka la boieane ba mocheso oa letsatsi, e leng o ile a lumella hore ba lule ba le mocheso kamehla.

Features ya bophelo

Batang-sehloho, liphoofolo tse - tseo hore li bakoa ke tsamaiso ea methapo hampe ntshetswa na tsamaiso e khopo ea sa phethahalang ea molao oa tsamaiso ea dithulaganyo motheo ea bohlokoa ho 'mele. Ka lebaka leo, metabolism ea liphoofolo batang-sehloho, e boetse ke tlaase. Ha e le hantle, ho ke ke butle haholo ho feta hore ba liphoofolo mofuthu-sehloho, (20-30 linako). Ha mocheso oa 'mele ke likhato phahame ho feta 1-2 mocheso ambient kapa lekanngoa le bona. ho itšetleha Sena ke e fokolang ka nako e le e amanang le matla a ho bokella mocheso ea letsatsi kapa lintho le thabisa ka lebaka la mosebetsi oa mesifa ha ka ntle ho hlokomelwa entsprechen hoo e ka bang kamehla. Tabeng e tšoanang, ha mocheso Link oela tlase ho Optimum, tsohle dithulaganyo tshilong ya dijo ka ho batang liehisa. liphetoho phoofolo li thibang, hopola lintsintsi tšoeroe ke boroko, lirurubele le linotši nakong ea hoetla. Ha ho na le ke a akhela mocheso ho likhato tse peli kapa ho feta ka boleng ba lintho tse phelang tsena oela torpor (hibernation), tse nang le khatello ea kelello, le ka linako tse ling esita le shoa.

seasonality

Tsa tlhaho tse sa pheleng, ho na le khopolo ea ho phetoho ea ka nako ea selemo. liketsahalo tsena ba haholo-holo le bitsoa ka latitudes leboea le mocheso. Ka ho feletseng lintho tse tsohle arabela liphetoho tsena. Batang-sehloho, liphoofolo tse - ka mehlala ea dikamohelo ea lintho tse phelang ho liphetoho mocheso ka tikoloho.

Tlwaetsa tikolohong

Tlhōrō mosebetsi oa dithulaganyo batang-sehloho, le mantlha bophelong (ho tlolelana ha liphoofolo, ho ikatisa, ho ikatisa) ke ka nako e mofuthu - selemo le lehlabula. Ka nako ena, re ka bona hohle haholo ea likokoanyana le boloka lipotolohong bophelong ba bona. The haufi-metsi le metsi libakeng tse ka kopana le sehahabi boima (lihoho) le litlhapi ka mekhahlelo e fapaneng ya ntshetsopele.

Ka meru le makhulo a lihahabi neng li tloaelehile haholo (mekholutsoane, linoha, linoha) ho tloha melokong e fapaneng.

Le qaleha ea hoetla kapa qetellong ea lehlabula liphoofolo qala litokisetso matla bakeng sa le mariha, e leng ho fetisisa ba bona ba atlehe ka boemo ba emisitswe animatsioon. Hore ba se ke ba shoa ka nako batang, le thulaganyo tsa go baakanyetsa bakeng sa metšoasong ea limatlafatsi ka 'mele ea bona li etsahala hantle esale pele ka nako ya lehlabula. Ka nako ena, ho hlophisoa lisele e fetohile, ho ba ka tlaase ho moo metsi a le dikarolo ho feta qhibiliha hore tla netefatsa tshebetso ya ho fepa kaofela mariha. Le fokotseha mocheso, boemo ba metabolism hape liehisa, le tshebediso ya matla e fokotsehile, eo lumella batang-sehloho, ho qeta kaofela mariha hibernation, ntle le ho tšoenyeha ka ho hlahisa lijo. E boetse ke bohato ba bohlokoa ka ho lokisetsa maemo a bohloko le mocheso ke kaho ea koetsoeng "sebaka" bakeng sa ea mariha (likoting, masoba, matlo 'me joalo-joalo. D.). Kaofela ha liketsahalo tsena tsa bophelo li cyclical tsa tlhaho 'me ba pheta selemo le selemo.

dithulaganyo tsena le tsona khetheng (congenital) reflexes li futsitseng ho isa molokong o mong ho isa molokong. Liphoofolo tse feta liphetoho liphatseng tsa lefutso tse itseng ka liphatsa tsa lefutso ke eena ea ikarabellang bakeng sa phetiso ya tlhahisoleseding ena, shoa ka hare ho selemong sa pele ea bophelo, 'me bana ba bona ba ka' na ba rua ditlolo tsena 'me e be nezhiznesposbnym.

The peleka bakeng hibernation mor'a-up ho tloha ho ba eketsa mocheso moea boemong hlokahalang, e leng tšobotsi bakeng sa e mong le e sehlopha sa, 'me ka linako tse ling etsa.

Ho ea ka khopolo iphetola ha lintho, liphoofolo tse batang-sehloho, - ke libōpuoa tlaasana, bao ka lebaka la tsoelo-pele fokolang tsa mekgwa e thermoregulatory ea tsamaiso ea methapo ea kutlo e boetse ke se phethahetse.