Sandomirskiy bridgehead Vistula (1944)

Famous Sandomierz bridgehead e haptjoang ka masole a Soviet Union ka le letšehali banka ya Vistula qetellong ea July 1944. E mong ea bitsoang bakeng sa haufi le Poland toropong.

Soviet Union tse khopisang

Ka lingoliloeng tsa histori Sandomierz bridgehead e boetse e ka linako tse ling bitsoa Baranuvskim kapa Baranów Sandomierski. opereishene ho inkela karolo ena ea bohlokoa ea pele e ne e entsoe ke mabotho a ya 1st Seukraine Front (bo13 le 1st Balebeli Tank mabotho, o ile a laela ka ho Marshal tsa Soviet Union Ivan Konev).

Pele ho tsohle bridgehead Sandomierz ne le habohlokoa hore re tsoele pele ho ba khopisa ka bophirimela. Qalong ea Phato ka lefapha la sena e ne e le lintoa sehlōhō hore e ile ea fela ka katleho mosolotogamaano ea Red Army. Tlas'a tsoela pele mollo khona km 50 feela (bophara bridgehead eketsehile ho km 60).

Ka tsela e eang Vistula

Lehlabuleng la 1944 ntoa ea bohlokoa ho Poland ne a loanela Sandomierz. Pele ho moo, ho ne ho hlokahala ho tšela Vistula. Makhotla a sa 1st Seukraine Front, batho bao e seng setopong le lieha le pote o ile a ea nōkeng, ba siea e lokolotsoeng Poland fedisa. tshebetso Field eteletsoe pele ke molefothenente Kakaretso Nikolai Pukhov, le Colonel Kakaretso Mikhail Katukov. La 27 July ile ka isoa Yaroslav. Ka mor'a hore lebotho o ile a laeloa hore a tsoele pele ho fallela Vistula, ntle le ho kopanela skirmishes le sera.

Khopisang detachments armored thatafatsoa ke ho ba sieo ha tšehetso leha e le efe ho tloha moeeng. E ne e le 'nete ea hore ka lebaka la palo e phahameng ea seaplane tsoelo-pele feela ho se na nako ea diyuniti ho ea pele. Libeke tse peli pele ho inehela ho motse tšela Vistula Balebeli 3rd Army Colonel Kakaretso Vasily Gordov. La 29 July karolo ea mabotho a hlōla sera sa hantle sebakeng se haufi le Annopolya. katleho ena e lumelloa ho atolosa Sandomierz bridgehead.

tšela

Bophara ba qobella ba Vistula ne ho se na ho feta km tse peli. nako tsohle ho ne ho le kotsi hore ba inkela ka mahahapa bridgehead ke le haufi le ho "khangoa". Leha ho le joalo, Majeremane tšoha, ba ne ba shoele litho le nahana feela ka hore na ho Retreat lemala. Ka Wehrmacht esita le etsa qeto ea ho fokolisa ho letamo le ka Vistula. Leha ho le joalo, le pele ho ka potlako ea Red Army nyopisoa merero tsena.

Lvov-Sandomierz tshebetso e ne e le bohloko bakeng sa Majeremane mamelleha. letamo le e ne e se akhotsoang ka lebaka ka lehlakoreng le leng o ile a lula masole a Jeremane. Timetsa le puisano e reretsoe ho khaola bona.

Ho sa le joalo, ka July 30, le Lefubelu Army ba tataisoang liketsoana, 'me letsatsing le hlahlamang ba ile ba qala ho haha metsi tlaase borokho ho fetela ho Vistula Nōka. lifofane ba thusang ba ntse ba se na, kahoo tšela ile a sireletsa smokescreen. Ka shoalane, pele masole a Soviet Union li ne li le banka bo fapaneng. Ho theha foothold. O ile a ntlha qalang bakeng sa khopisa le ho feta.

atolosa foothold

La 31 July The bo17 Army ea Wehrmacht lekile ho otla morao mateanong ea Red Army. Leha ho le joalo, boiteko boo ba ne ba ba lefeela. Bohato ba Pele mosolotogamaano le boleng tsa bophahamo ba e ne e le lehlakoreng la masole a Soviet Union. Ka nako e itseng ba 'na maemong a bona a, ha baa ka ba tsoela pele ho khopisang,' me feela ka loana theoha tlhaselo lireng. Sena se ne se etsoa e le hore ho fumana nako. Libeke tse peli ka mabotho a tsohle li be ncha tšela ho se fapaneng banka ya Vistula.

Feela ho fumana matla le ho hokahanya liketso tsa bona, ka la 15 August, bo13 le 3rd Balebeli Army nka motse maqiti bohlokoa tsa Sandomierz. Majeremane a ikhula a tšohile. Boiteko ba bona ba ho sutumelletsa lira nako le nako o ile a hlōleha ho nōka. Hona joale, Wehrmacht ne feela ho tlohela mosebetsi 'me ea ka bophirimela. The bridgehead sephetho le e ile ea tšoareloa ho fihlela January 1945. Ebe ho tloha Sandomierz qala mong khopisang khōlō, eo e ne e bitsoa Sandomierz-Silesian tshebetso. Ha ba ntse ba ho lona, Red Army qetella a lokolloa Poland ho tloha mosebetsi oa Manazi.