Reserve "Big Kokshaga" - lefatshe a lefeella

Huge tala le khutso sebakeng pokello ea fumaneha le senolela lefatše lohle se phelang, se sireletsa e ka mofuthu le ka ho amohela baeti ba bona.

World boloketsoe mofuta - pokello "Big Kokshaga"

Top sebakeng "Big Kokshaga" shebahala joaloka sa feleng k'hapete tala, rokoa convolutions linōka (jwalo ka e hloekileng tšoele e putsoa), patiwa le matša a phatsimang. Mona meru e teteaneng e khōlō patiwa le mekhoabong le makhulo.

Crown lifate Curly phaene li nkeloa sebaka ke lefifi lifate tala phaene le bonolo birches mosesaane. Ho na le bohale ena le tse ling tse lebitso le monate - Meru Zavolzhe.

History ea pōpo, libōpeho libaka

Ka 1993, ka leq. Volga River (setseng tributary) o ne a bōpiloe ke puso mofuta pokello "Big Kokshaga" naha sebakeng hectars 21,4 Ho e teng km 40 ka bophirimela ho motse-moholo oa Mari El (Yoshkar-Ola) ka Kilemarsky le Medvedev libakeng. Pele ho moo, Mari El Mari e ne e le pokello. Leha ho le joalo, ho e ka ho feletseng ba chesa ka 1972 ka chesang, lehlabula e omme.
Morero o ka sehloohong oa ho bōpa e le zounu sireletsoa - tshireletso meru ka moeli pakeng tsa le taiga boroa le meru deciduous.

tšimong eo emeloang lithoteng (noka le glaciolacustrine). Ntlha phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea naha - 132,2 limithara ka holimo ho bophahamo ba leoatle.

Ka palo yohle ho na le nōka ea Big Kokshaga e ka bang 20 linōka le melapo.
Sebaka paballo e teng 3 matša - Kosheer, Kapsino le Shusher. Ea bobeli - kholo ka ho fetisisa. Foromo, ke seipone oval le lona bolelele 1250 limithara, bophara ba limithara tse 600. Letšeng e tebileng haholo (15 limithara), hlahang ho yona karst. Tlala metsi noka nakong likhohola nakong ea selemo.

The maemo a klimate tsa tekano kontinenteng, le lehlabula ka toka a chesang 'me mariha mocheso le frosts le matla.

Fetisisa Kokshaga noka, moru

Fetisisa Kokshaga - nōka e khōlō ea naha, e leng ka ho le letšehali tributary tsa nōka. Volga. Ho lifapano naheng ea pokello ea ka ho isa karolong e bohareng ea eona.

Nōka, eo o ba amohetse lebitso le mofuta pokello, e metsi mothapo la ntlha la oona.
Ka e hlollang emeralde mala semelo sa metsi ka mabōpo a eona e hlaha ho dieike hlomphehang - botle le khanya ea pokello ea.

Buka e ikhethang floodplain meru eike ke mokhatlo ea moshoelella. Mona ho na le sa khale, o ka bolella ba dieike ea boholo-holo, 'me letlobo mocha.

Reserve "Big Kokshaga" e na le haholo-holo ea meru, occupying sebakeng tsa bona tse ngata - 95% ya tšimong eo. Meru hlaheletseng phaene, eo hola tlhaho maemo a fapaneng a tikoloho. Bobeli kholo ka ho fetisisa ke tsa birch. Ba kileng ba hlaha ka sehiloeng tšimo kapa chesa ka mollo ea meru, ke hore, ba se mahareng.

Sena taiga sebopeho libaka tsena fa phaene, occupying 7,5% ya pokello le ho ba le khōlō lifate hloeke lehong le thata (Aspen, birch, Linden).

Di haholo-holo sebakeng likhohlo tsa linōka karolong e ka leboea ea pokello ea.

Ho se tšoane ea limela le liphoofolo

Reserve "Big Kokshaga" e na le merung ea eona, makhulo le mokhoabo oo tse fetang 700 mefuta e meng ea dimela, e emelang ka bang halofo ea palo yohle ya fumaneha ka Republic of Mari El.

The e khōlō ho tloaelehile hore batho mabalane mokhoabong koahetsoeng ka birch le alder. Ka libakeng tse nyenyane tsa makhulo floodplain ba le hona teng.

moru phaene li atile le mosses le boriba. Ho na le e boetse e fumanoa ka 200 mefuta e fapaneng ya dimelametsing, boriba ka bang 250 mefuta e. The rarest - Tsetrariya Laurer, Lobar methapo le usnea thunyang.

Empa ho na le ba bangata li-fungus tloaelehile hore batho ba pota pokello, 'me ba tšimong ba ile ba fumana ba mefuta e sa tloaelehang ho feta: Osinovik tšoeu, Hericium staghorn le ba bang.

Ka tloaelo ho pokello moru liphoofolo e emeloang ke mesebetsi e latelang: Elk ngata, 'mutla, lihaha-'mele, likolobe-moru. Ba phela mona le carnivores: marten, polecat, ermine, ka linako tse ling sootho bere le phiri.

Linonyana tse hlahisoang grouse, grouse, cranes bohlooho, likokolofitoe, Owl, Hawks le ba bang ba bangata. . Joalo-joalo Ba phela mona le linonyana tsa Red Book: peregrine phakoe, o motsho mokotatsie, phakoe e jang litlhapi, noha ntsu.

ruile haholo limpho e babatsehang ea lintho tsa tlhaho pokello. "Boholo Kokshaga" ho sireletsa le ho boloka ba sehlekehleke sena ba mefuta fetisisa kotsing ea ho fela ea limela. Ho epipogium leafless, Dactylorhiza Baltic le mefuta e fetang 11 ea orchid e ka leboea ka tsela e makatsang ntle. Le pono e tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa ka Republic - disilipara e ntle mofumahali e mong oa. Ho tloha tsoele pele ho mela ea peō ea semela sena se hlollang pele lipalesa nka sebaka ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 17!

Rare dimela ea boholo-holo

Monokotsoai e ntse e hōla Squat naheng eo feela ho pokello ea. semela sena e ntse e hōla ho tloha ho lilemo leqhoa. E o tsejoa hore ke li ratang ka monokotsoai ya haholo Russia seroki Alexander Pushkin.

moemeli e mong oa dimela khale Chilim e phaphametseng (kapa Metsi chestnut), e leng lula e mofuthu Shusher letšeng.

"Boholo Kokshaga" - le pokello tlhaho. Ho bolokoa exemplar boholo-holo oa limela.

The mofuta fetisisa seoelo tsa pokello (Woody) - phagocyte (kapa Populus nigra), e fumanoang ka floodplain la nōka ea Big Kokshaga. Ho na le tse ling tse ngata semela mefuta thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book: sceptridium multifidum, bramble, Lycopodium-Baranez, Sundew dlinnolistaya (semela-liphoofolo tse li jang) le Dianthus Superbus.

pokello ke tsa bohlokoa ka lebaka mofuta libakeng develops ka melao ea lona, ntle le ho kenella ha motho ofe kapa ofe. Ho feta moo, boleng ena eketsa le lilemo.

Leboha mehloli ka mor'a nako e itseng, ha moru khale tla rema haholo, ho tla ba khona ho bapisa le sekaseka tsela eo batho ba le tsoelo-pele ea susumetsa mofuta hlollang hloekileng, 'me seo e ne e ka ba' nile ba ka ntle le tsusumetso e mpe ho lona.