Mehloli ea Republic of Komi: tlhaloso, histori le e thahasellisang lintlha tse

Mong le e mong ea tlang ka lekhetlo la pele ka Republic of Komi, ka leboea captivates botle ba libaka tsena. Thanks ho liqeto hang ba bohlale, 15% ea tšimong ea sebakeng sena ba sirelelitsoe ke mmuso, e le hore a mo sireletsa moroetsana tlhaho, eo e sa angoa ke tsoelo-pele.

Mehloli ea Republic of Komi - boikakaso ba baahi e seng feela ea moo, empa e boetse e le naha ka kakaretso, kaha 70% ea libaka tsena bopilwe taiga ena. Ka mehla ea madirelong, ho senngoa ha meru e ne e le ntho e tloaelehileng, empa hlaphoheloa ne li le telele le theko e boima. Ka finyella sena naheng eo ho boloka limela ikhetha, 'me liphoofolo, e tloaelehileng ea ka leboea-ka bochabela ho European Russia.

History of tikolohong eo

Republic Komi e thehiloe ka 1921, le hoja naha e le ho principality Moscow ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-XV. sebaka sena e ruileng maeto tlhaho. Mona ke:

• 78.000 matša simoloha linōka haholo tse kang ea Volga, ob,, Pechora le Northern Dvina;
• le lithabeng koahetsoeng ka meru;
• Tundra le ho pholosa tikoloho le;
• botle e ikhethang ea lihlopha tsa lona tsa tlhaho Torre Porro-Out le Manpupuner.

Empa sa hohela - morung moroetsana, eo bo-rasaense ba bangata ba 'nile nepo o bitsoa matšoafo tsa Europe, hobane sebakeng seo e kholoanyane, angoang ke batho ba karolong ena ea lefatše ha e yo.

Ba kile ba lula libakeng tsena lichaba tse kang Mansi, Khanty, le Komi. Ho na le ba ntse ba bolokile libaka tsa bona tsa boholo-holo le litempele. Hape, sebakeng sena o tsejoa ho pota leboha tsa lefatshe ho archaeologists fumanoa ka fihlang ho e ka holimo ea Pechora River fedisa, e ne e le ea batho ba ka Holimo palaeolithic. Pele ho sibolloa ena, bo-rasaense ba ne ba sa nahana hore meloko e ka 'na lula e le leboea le hōle, kahoo mona boemo ba leholimo le sehlōhō, haholo-holo mariha.

Esita le kajeno, bothata e khōlō ea sebaka se sireletsoa ke ho hloka litsela tse, 'me ka 1931, ha ba ne ba khetholloa, sireletswa sebakeng Moeli o, poso, moputso le litokisetso ba lopolloa ka chaise le likepe nakong ea mariha - skiing.

UNESCO lefa

maemo a phelang ka Komi ka nkoa e matla. Ho na le metse e 'maloa feela e kholo, tse kang Syktyvkar, Vorkuta, Usinsk, Ukhta le Pechora, molao 5 literekeng tsa litoropo, ho akarelletsa le literekeng tse 15 tsa masepala. Karolelano ea morung mariha mocheso mona ke -17 ⁰S leha e tsitsitseng mocheso lerotholi ho likhato -57.

Mehloli ea Republic of Komi ba ho kopantswe ka marangrang e le 'ngoe e bitsoang "moroetsana moru bohale." Ho akarelletsa ho ba National Park "Yugyd VA" le Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve. naheng ea habo bona ka arotsoe likarolo 3:

• mahareng-phahameng maralla sebakeng, e kenyeletsang lithaba tsa Urals;
• sebakeng se tloha matsoapo a Parma phahameng ho ea ka bophirimela le ho mosikong oa Ural lithaba;
• a bataletseng ke ea karolo litokelo tse sireletsoang oa profinse Timan-Pechora.

Ho tloha ka 1985, sebaka sena kaofela e kenyelelitsoe dihlopha "Biosphere mehloli ea Republic of Komi." UNESCO lethathamo, e akarelletsang 'maloa feela ba libakeng tse joalo ka lefatšeng, lefatše le ho kopantswe, e bitsoang profinseng ea moloko oohle oa batho,' me ba se ba le tlas'a tšireletso ea mokhatlo oo o machaba.

Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve

Ho ile ha thehoa la 4 May, 1930 sebakeng pakeng tsa linōka tse peli tse - le Pechora le Ilych, tributary lona le letona. Qalong naha hapa hectars 1.135.000. Linōka e-ba moeli oa bona ea tlhaho ea ho bophirimela le ka boroa. Reserve ka leboea ho ea moeling oa noka bo sohlokehile, 'me ka bochabela - le sebakeng Tyumen.

Hlokomela boemo ba meru le meeli lona ka nako eo e ne e le thata ka ho fetisisa, hobane ho na le ne ho se na litsela, ho tsamaisa moea le liteishene tsa seea-le-. Haholo hamorao, ba qala ho sebelisa liroala-nkhoana le An-2, e leng bakeng sa 4:00 ka fofa ho pota sebakeng se seholo joalo.

Feela le mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng ka 1978, literekeng moru tse hlano, har'a tse naha le ile la aroloa, ho sireletsoa bona, meeli le ho ithuta ea saense, sebaka seo a nka sebōpeho sa, e fumaneha kajeno.

The ikhetha hore Republic of Komi e Europe (Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve ka ho khetheha), eo e leng sebaka se feela hore o bolokile khale-kgolo ya meru moroetsana. Ba hōla 'me ba phela limela le liphoofolo tsa mefuta e Siberia le Europe. Ba bang ba bona ba akarelletsa Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Red Book.

Ho ka pokello ena ka polasing lefatše pele likhama e ile ea buloa, tlatsetsang ho eketseha ha baahi ba liphoofolo tsena le ho li aba bona.

National Park "Yugyd gatee"

phakeng ena e ile ea thehoa ka 1994 'me e e teng ka ho feteletseng ka leboea-bochabela ea European Russia. Ke hona mona moo ho na le seo a se fumaneng buka e ikhethang ba lintho tse epolotsoeng tse kang Ust-Podcheremskaya saeteng boholo-holo, Podcheremsky letlotlo le ba bang.

Holimo phakeng e emela tlhōrō phahameng ka ho fetisisa ya Urals e - thabeng Batho (1895 ho limithara).

Sa tingoa mehloli, lirapeng tsa boikhathollo ea sechaba , Komi (rephabliki) Hape matangoana a, har'a oona le matša fetisisa bohehang ba nkoa e le khoebo, kalaneng le bolelele. Har'a linōka li tsebahala ka ho metsi a eona e hlakileng le e le ho hongata haholo ea litlhapi Kozhim, Big Synya le ba bang. Di leo ho ahiloeng ho ke mefuta e 23 ea litlhapi, tse kang litlhapi tsa salmon, peled, tsa whitefish le crucian carp.

"Yugyd Island" ea e-ba setho sa mokhatlo "Virgin Komi Meru", 'me e sirelelitsoe ke UNESCO. Tsamaea ka sebaka sa eona, u ka fumana 'mutla, likhama, fofang lent, mongoose, phiri, phokojoe, likhama, tšoeu phokojoe le libōpuoa tse ling tse ngata.

Naha phakeng sehlaha 190 mefuta e meng ea linonyana, 19 tsa tsona li sa tloaelehang le ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka sebakeng kotsing ea ho fela. Sena phakoe e jang litlhapi, ntsu, Merlin, peregrine phakoe le ba bang.

Komi Flora

Ho ea ka ya data morao-rao ea lokolloa ka 1980, ka mehloli ea Republic of Komi ke lehae la ho dimela mefuta e fetang 1,000, ho akarelletsa tse 11 le kotsing 'me a fumanoa seoelo, tse kang disilipara mofumahali e mong o, minuartia Guelma, oxytrope Urals, eo e se e bolokiloe feela mona ka palo ea likopi tse 400. Ka ba bang kaofela Europe, semela sena e telele ho tloha ea nyamela.

Sikarisa baithuti maikarabelo emeloang phaene meru, lihlahla tse kang letheka, 'me libaka tse mongobo sphagnum lehola coexist le Ledum Blueberry.

Ha e le hantle, mehloli ea Republic of Komi ho fihlela qetellong le ho ba sa kang ba ithuta, 'me dimela ha ba ka ho feletseng classified. Sena se bontša ka tekanyo e e khōlō 'me seo se ka pele ho tse ngata tsa mosebetsi bakeng sa bo-rasaense ba. Ho bebofatsa mosebetsi oa bona, Chernamsky Reserve (Komi Republic) ho ile ha thehoa, eo ka sehloohong mosebetsi ke ho ntlafatsa sebopeho le boleng tsa moru o ema, hammoho le polokeho ea bona. Mona, ho a hlophisa koleke 'me a polokelo ya dipeo mefuta fetisisa a fumanoa seoelo kapa kotsing ea ho fela.

Neano naha ea boholo-holo

Thahasella khōlō ka ho fetisisa folklorists ke litšōmo tsa boholo-holo tsa linatla mansiytsev fetoloa litšoantšo tse rapeloang Lejoe o halalelang Urals khale. Boobs tsena, ha ba ntse ba ba bitsa sebaka ka seng, ho ka bonoa ka sehlabeng Manpupuner.

Ha ho tšōmo tlase ntle ea Golden Baba, e ka bonoa kajeno - e luminous motšehali palo, hangata a hlaha khahlanong le lefifi litlhōrō lithaba. Ho ea ka tšōmo, 'Mè oa ka ea Lefatše, evades thepa ea bona.