Medical lihlahisoa: lethathamo. Medical dihlahiswa, meriana, consumables

Bakeng sa batho ba tsa bongaka ba kamehla tšoaroa joaloka ntho e 'ngoe e halalelang atameleha, utloisiseheng ho batho feela ba tloaelehileng. tepelletse maikutlong thata, lebitso la metsoako mafolofolo lithethefatsi - tsohle ena e ka habonolo confound ho hloka tsebo tsa batho. Hangata e fumanoang ka na bapharmasi le mantsoe "lethathamo la" lihlahisoa moriana ", eo moelelo hase kamehla ho hlakileng. Ho joalo, seo e kenyelelitsoe lethathamong lena, 'me seo tsebo ea hae e ka ba molemo ho moreki ba tloaelehileng?

ha e le eng?

A re ke re qala ka 'nete ea hore lenane la meriana le tsa bongaka lihlahisoa e akarelletsa lihlahisoa tse entsoeng ka khalase, polymers, rabara, masela le thepa e' ngoe, sena se akarelletsa reagents itseng le thepa teko ho bona, hammoho le consumables tse ling ho bolela hore sebelisoa ka meriana.

Hangata ka ho fetisisa ho e sebediswa hang lintho tseo tse sa hloka tokiso khethehileng. Ka 'marakeng oa lihlahisoa tsa meriana akarelletsa lethathamo la "lihlahisoa moriana", e emetseng 20% ya palo kakaretso ea thepa. Ka bomalimabe, feela karolo ea bohlano ea lihlahisoa tsena ha li etsoa linaheng tse ling.

Reagents, hlobolisa teko le ka mekhoa e meng ea pele ho fumanoe

A re ke re fetela mehlala konkreite. Amohelehang lethathamo qala ho tloha reagents tse fapa-fapaneng har'a oona li ka fumanoa hlobolisa bakeng sa ho lekanya maemo tsoekere maling le phumano lithethefatsi disebedisweng tse ding bakeng sa liteko tse fapa-fapaneng le laboratori eo (mefuta e meng ea acid, alkalis le reagents tse ling). sehlopha sena ka ho ngotsoe, 'me ke litsupa hore thusa ho hlahloba se feela mokuli, empa hape thepa ya kalafi (mohlala, sterilization pontshi).

Ka tloaelo ho, lihlahisoa tsa sehlopha sena ke sa ho fihlella haholo batho ba tloaelehileng, ka lebaka la ho sebelisa ha bona ka lapeng ke mathata haholo. Ka ho fetisisa ratoa har'a "sechaba" hlobolisa tšebeliso teko tse sebelisoang ka mitha e. O ka reka bona ntle le lengolo la ngaka, a leha ho le joalo, ba lokela ho tseba ea mohlala ea mitha e itseng.

Phumano ya mafu a kotsi

Tlang kholo ka ho fetisisa sehlopha, e leng e na le lethathamo la amohelehang lihlahisoa tsa bongaka, - ka serum, hlahloba ba bang ba mafu a kotsi. Tsena li akarelletsa meriana bakeng sa boikemisetso ba shigellosis, salmonellosis. Ho na le boetse ho na le sete ea lithibela-mafu motheo, tse mehato ho nahanela ba microorganisms bakang lefu ho lithethefatsi tse itseng. Joalo tekanyo e ka fokotsa kgonego ya phoso eang meriana sa lokelang.

Litlelafo, probes le urinal - lenane la consumables

Ho ekelletsa moo, lenane la lihlahisoa ya kalafi ka 2016, 'me lilemong tse fetileng, e na le a' maloa a lintho tse sebelisoang e le consumables. Mona 'me le litlelafo (ho tloha ho batho bao e seng nyopa, tse hangata e sebelisoa nakong ea inspections, haholo-holo ho liatlana tšesaane tse sebelisoang ke neurosurgeons - lethathamo la akarelletsa dozen mabitso a fapaneng sebelisoa masimong e fapaneng ya moriana).

Ena e boetse e akarelletsa le mefuta e fapaneng ya probes (mala, tsebe, ho fepa masea a), urinal, oilcloth, sebelisoa ka tse ngata tsa manipulations. Ho le bonolo o ile a re sehlopha sa thepa, mohlomong e mong oa kholo ka ho fetisisa ka lethathamo lena.

Catheters, linale le linale tse tsa dibopeho tsohle le boholo bo

Lateloa catheters, linale le linale - lintho tse sa thabiseng haholo, leha ho le joalo a hlokahalang. Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore lenane la "lihlahisoa moriana" e na le mefuta e seng kae dozen tsa catheters, e fapana, eseng feela ka bophara empa hape ka mosebetsi bona: mona ho na le catheters urological le phepelo, le intramuscular, ka mantsoe a mang, bakeng sa tshebetso efe kapa efe. Ha e le nale, ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ya le leholo tšoanang: ntle ho e tloaelehileng linale tsohle tse kenngoa ka linale tsa liente, ho na le nale puncture le hlaba motho ka linalete le ho buoa - mona lenane la thepa ea ka e khōlō. Linale hape fapana, hammoho le catheters, ka mosebetsi 'me boholo, ho tloha tse nyenyane ho ka insulin khethehileng tšepe ente ho flush le tonsils, ho phaella ho eo le sete filoeng methapo fapaneng.

sehlopha sena ka ho ngotsoe ke tsamaiso bakeng sa tšelo ea mali, ho se na eo e ne e tla ba ho le thata ho pholosa batho ba bangata.

Dressings, mefuta e fapaneng ya masela a tlamisang

Ha rea lokela ho lebala ka ya disebediswa tse kathoko ho tse fapa-fapaneng tsa dressings, ho araba potso eo e bua ka disebedisweng tse ding tsa bongaka. Lethathamong le ka akarelletsa ho mefuta e fapaneng ya lintho tse, ho tloha ka mefuta e fapaneng ya ulu le poleisetere ho masela a tlamisang khethehileng samente, e leng se etsang nolofalletsa lintho haholoanyane bophelong traumatology. Ho boetse ho akarelletsa le mefuta e fapaneng ya lisele: a nyopa soaked meriana joaloka-ba khahlanong le a hlabang le analgesic. Ke 'nete hore, e mong lokela ke ke ea busa ka ntle masela a tlamisang, eo e ka boela ea akarelletsa sehlopha sena. Lethathamong le ka ho na le, leqeba leo le folisa dressings, 'me ba feela koala maqeba a bona' me a chesa.

Bakeng sa mellwane le inspections

Lenane la "lihlahisoa moriana" ne e ke ke ka ho feletseng ntle le tse fapa-fapaneng le disebediswa tse sebelisoang ke lingaka nakong hlahlojoa 'me nakong manipulations tse sa tšoaneng. Tsena li akarelletsa masken, ka bobeli ho buoa le oksijene, ka kapa ntle le analgesics. Ka sehlopha e tšoanang ke goggles buoa le diporele hore sireletsa mahlo a ho tloha mahlaseli mahlaseli. A sehlopha se seholo se ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka "Tse ling" le akarelletsa bobeli thread ho buoa, 'me pampiri ka ho nka e electrocardiogram le liipone tsa bongaka, kahoo ka mafolofolo sebelisoa ke lingaka tsa meno le otolaryngologists.

Esita le joalo lintho tse bonahalang li hanyane joaloka baengele tsa ultrasound tse, ho akarelletsa sehlopha sena. Re feela, mona ke hoo e batlang e consumables tsohle le liletsa tsa bongaka.

Sebediswa bakeng sa mekgwa ya tshebetso e hlokahalang le ho ka botebo lithuto

List of disebedisweng tse ding tsa bohlokwa ya kalafi nang dikelaka oohle oa liletsa le consumables sebelisoa ho batho kapa mellwane tse ling. Sena se ka akarelletsa ho mekgwatshebetso ya ho tse kang hemodialysis le peritoneal dialysis, lithuto tsa sebelisa khase-Flury le hromatogrofa immunoanalizatora (e leng nakong eo ke ikemiselitse ho ba teng ha lithethefatsi le lithethefatsi ka mamello). le lintho tse hlokahalang ho tsohle, ho tloha linalete ho reagents li fumanoa lethathamo lena oa sehlopha seo.

lisebelisoa tse khethehileng le thepa e '

Ka mor'a moo, lenane la lithethefatsi, lisebelisoeng tsa bongaka e qala ho arola ka ee rileng. Thepa di a fumaneha ho fana ka tlhokomelo ea cardiac (sena se akarelletsa li-electrode, grafts vascular, intradyusery - tsohle tseo o ka 'na lokela ho e boemo ba ya kalafi tshohanyetso). sehlopha se seng se seholo - robatsa le tlhokomelo moriana mahlonoko tseo ho leng: mona ho na le hape e hlahlobang bakeng sa ho otla ha pelo ho hlokomela, 'me harnesses ho thibela tsoa mali, le tsamaiso ea maiketsetso ho fepa. a lebisa tlhokomelo ka bomong, lisebelisoa le thepa e sebelisoang ka ho buoa: sutures, staplers, dikotwana tse, lintho tse kopanyang - sohle se hlokahalang bakeng sa ho phetha esita le tshebetso e bonolo.

Dihlopha bobeli o boetse o arotsoe ka subgroups 'maloa: neurosurgery, ho sebetsa le boko (moo ho hlokehang tsamaiso ea drainage, bakeng sa fixation tsa fractures, catheters), thoracic buuoa, khetheha, ka makala a sefuba (e mengata e dikotwana tse, lithethefatsi bakeng sa tšehetso ea matšoafo, inhalers, litanka oksijene) le ba bang ba 'maloa. Traumatology le malwetse a ka nna a batla Pinów fapaneng le woman stage, lipoleiti tsa tšepe tsa fixation ea maoto le matsoho le senyehileng, hammoho le samente masela a tlamisang.

Foils le ke jwa, hammoho le tube

Lenane la "lihlahisoa moriana" le akarelletsa mefuta e fapaneng ya methapo, hatching le drainage, venting le lisebelisoa phetha molao ventilation. Ke consumables ka boela ho ngotsoe ho reactants botlolo tse sebelisoang nakong phekolo mahlaseli. Hape ho akarelletsa tse lifilimi sebelisoa ka lithuto tsa X-ray le litšoantšo fluorography, hammoho le developer indonesia le fixer, lokisa setšoantšo ka lifilimi tsena.

Consumables - patehileng, empa hlokahala

A ho qetela le ho fetisisa e pharaletseng sehlopha - e fanang ka. Hona ho kenyeletsa lisebelisoa tsohle le dintho tse sebelisoang hang feela, ebe ka senngoa kapa ke kalafo tebileng ka ho fetisisa. lihlahisoa tsena ke spittoon, flasks, methapo teko, cuvettes, pipettes, lekanyang diselennere, laboratori ea khalase - ntle ho khanna fumanoe meriana, le kalafo ea bakuli ba ka be ho bile ke sa etsahala. Tsena ka linako tse ling ka tsela e poteletseng, empa a sa ntse ho hlokahala hore - dihlopha ho qetela, e akarelletsang letoto la lihlahisoa tsa bongaka le a fanang ka.

tsamaiso ya ngodiso

Leha ho le joalo, balemi le lecha ke ha ho joalo ho le bonolo ho fumana ea palo ea ba fanang ka thepa ea lihlahisoa tse kang disebedisweng tse ding tsa bongaka. Lethathamong le ka, e amohelehang le disetifikeiti ngodiso e ntshitsweng ka matla a 'mele a phethahatso. ditefikeiti tsena lia hlokahala ho ba le thepa eohle, lithethefatsi le thepa. le ditlhoko tsohle bakeng sa ngodiso ya lihlahisoa tse ncha tse leng ka "Molao ka lintho tsa motheo tlhokomelo ea bophelo." Lithethefatsi, a tlang ho lokolloa ka 'marakeng, e lokela ho feta tse ngata teko bokgoni le boleng, litholoana tsa tse tletseng palo e khōlō ea litokomane.

Ke ka lebaka leo lik'hamphani lithethefatsi hangata e lefisa ngodiso ya lik'hamphani matla hore se na le phihlelo ea ho sebetsana le lihloliloeng tsa phethahatso, le tla ba khona ho etsa se feela ho etsa lipatlisiso tse hlokahalang, empa hape le ho lokisetsa ditokomane tsohle. Ho lokela ho hlokomeloe hore lithethefatsi tsohle e mong le lilemo tse hlano lokela feta habeli-cheke, eo hape e bontšang boleng bo bona le polokeho. Kahoo e-ba bonnete ba hore reagents, disebediswa, lisebelisoa, le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa bongaka le consumables tswa lenaneng, amohetsweng ke 'mele e phahameng boemo, sireletsehileng ka ho feletseng bakeng sa bophelo bo botle.