Likanono Second Ntoa ea Lefatše - Soviet Union le Jeremane. Sebelisa seretse nakong ea Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše. "Katyusha" - World Ntoa ea II ea seretse

Likanono tsa Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše e ne e le tšosang libetsa Sebetsa khona ho otla ka sebaka se selelele 'me mantsoe a mang, lintlha leha e le sera sa ho a betsa. Ka lebaka la bokeletseng lona ea tse fapa-fapaneng ditlhomo caliber seretse, o loanang mekga ka katleho sebetsana le mesebetsi leha e le efe ntoa.

Histori ea libetsa sesole

Morao koana ka 1904 ha ke le sireletsa Port Arthur Russia balaoli ba S. le L. Vlasevym Gotyabo ileng ba bōptjoa e sa tloaelehang libetsa sethunya le e khutsoanyane moqomo ka mokgwa wa tube, le. 47-limilimithara sethunya sesole sa metsing e ile ne a rerile hore plunging mollo ka liphofu lireng. Mokoloko oa sefofane ea setsing sa bao e ne e le nyenyane, limithara tse 400-500 feela.

Hamorao likanono Pele Ntoa ea Lefatše e ne e sebelisoa e le mokhoa e atlehang tsa ntoa foro. Empa ha nako e ntse, e le e iqapetsoeng e tsoetseng pele e se e le sebetsa se tšosang. Likanono tsa Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše o ile a mangata mathateng masole Sejeremane.

Morao-rao sebopeho seretse ne e loketseng ho sampole pele Stokes merero. Sena phala-bakoang ka kariki tšehetso bipedal phomotse ka poleiti a bataletseng tšepe eo damps tsoa thunngoa ka fatše.

Ka feela lilemo tse seng kae pele ho ntoa le Jeremane, 'muso oa Soviet Union e se e mabifi hakae ho tsoibiloang tlhahiso ea boima ba lithunya theko e tlaase le e bonolo ya tlhokomelo libetsa, ba lumela hore e tla nka sebaka sa palo ea libetsa libetsa. Ka lebaka lena, ho 'nile ha emisitswe tlhahiso ea liqhomane jarolla ka ho iketsa Launcher Taubina hore ha e etsoang ka maqiti teko ka 1937 o thehile ka boeona e le ntoa e babatsehang hinged thaepa libetsa.

Seretse-kharafu caliber 37mm

Ka 1938, haholo-holo bakeng sa infantry diyuniti ntshetswa bobebe seretse 37mm caliber. Ea ka mongoli oa yuniti ntoa e ne e le M. G. Dyakonov, e tummeng moqapi oa liqhomane le liqhomane tsa libetsa. Ho phaella moo, ba 'nile ba ntshetswa pele: letsoho liqhomane RGD-33 sethunya liqhomane.

Ka maemo a tšimo, seretse 37-limilimithara li ka bapisoa le e kharafu tloaelehileng. Shooting ena mofuta oa sebetsa e ne e entsoe Claymore ka. Kolobetso ea mollo seretse Dyakonova amohetse ka letšolo la Finland.

Ka bomalimabe, mefuta e fapaneng le ho nepahala ea libetsa tsena setseng ho hongata ho lakatseha. Ka lebaka la ho baballa tlaase ea 37-caliber seretse, ho ile ha etsoa qeto ea ho Phase tsoa 'me a tlosoa ho tloha Red Army. Empa bophelo ba ka etsa qeto ea ka tsela e fapaneng. Ho sebelisoa ha likanono ka Ntlha ea bobeli ea Ntoa ea 37 limilimithara caliber fumane kopo ea eona. Mariheng a 1942, ka lebaka la tšehetso ea mollo likanono Dyakonova, paratroopers la bo4 Air botseta katleho parachuted ka Vyazma sebakeng motseng.

Tshebetso litšobotsi tsa likanono caliber 37:

• Caliber lithunya - 37 limilimithara.
• Weight - 2,4 lik'hilograma.
• Airspeed merafong - 65-70 limithara / s.
• Bonyane Range - 60 m.
• The mefuta e fapaneng ya le lebetsoeng le sefofane ka - 250 m.
• Projectile boima (merafong) - 0.5 lik'hilograma.

Seretse khampani molaoli taba ka 1938 le bo-1940. (Caliber 50 limilimithara)

Serial tlhahiso ea libetsa e ile ea qala Union indasteri tshireletso ka 1939. developer indonesia ke liteko moralo Bureau, e eteletsoeng pele ke B. I. Shavyrinym. Dira ditshwantsho, seretse e lokisetsa ka triangolo inahanelang. Moqomo-phala mollo basekaseki le bipod ka ho ts'ehetsana mochine li ne li le lehlakoreng le leng la triangolo ena, 'me mokha boraro e ne e le ba inahanelang mola pakeng tsa tšehetso le sethunya kariki.

Features molaoli khampani seretse 50mm caliber ho tloha ka 1938:

• Caliber - 50 limilimithara.
• Weight - lik'hilograma 17.
• Airspeed merafong - 95 limithara / s.
• The lebetsoeng le mefuta e fapaneng ya thunngoa ka - 800 m.
• Rate - 32 Shots ka motsotso.
• Projectile boima (merafong) - 0,85 lik'hilograma.

Nakong e tlang, le moralo e se e ntlafetse ho KB VN Shamarina. Le ka 1940, ho ile ha lokolloa phetolelo e ncha ea bophirima 50-limilimithara seretse. Ka la 22 June, 1941 50-limilimithara seretse lithunya fetohile e ratoang ka Red Army, palo ea bona e ile ea fihla ka bang limilione tse 24 diyuniti. Haholo-holo e ratoang likanono tsena Second World Ntoa aa ka a sebelisa.

Ho ea qetellong ea 1943, seo hanyane diyuniti sesole sebelisoa mofuta ona wa sebetsa. Lebaka leo e ne e le 'nete ea hore mefuta e fapaneng e nyenyane ea mollo e ile ea fihla limithara tse 800 feela ho tloha moo, e entsoeng dipalelo seretse e le haufi le ha ho khoneha ho maemong sera. Ka lebaka la sena, diyuniti sesole a utloa bohloko mahlatsipa a mangata. Haholo-holo e ratoang mofuta ona wa seretse sebediswa ka ho hlongoa likhukhuni, ba neng ba ho fihlela qetellong ea ntoa e ne e sebelisetsoa pokellong ea lona.

Battalion seretse 82 limilimithara

Ka 1936 ho 'nile ha e amohetsweng ke Red Army seretse seta ntshetswa pele ka Leningrad SKB-4, tlas'a tataiso ea Di Shavyrina. ho kolobetsoa ha hae a mollo 82-millimeter seretse se ile sa tšoareloa nakong ea lintoa tse ka Khalkhin-, e ile e se sebetsa sesole ka tšeptjoang khona ho otla liphofu sera sa ka mefuta e fapaneng e telele. Nakong e tlang, tsena likotoana libetsa li ne li sebjalebjale.

Ka mohlala, liphetolelo tse ncha tsa seretse 82-limilimithara hlaha selemo le selemo bakeng sa tshebetso yohle sesole. likanono tsena WWII o ile a sebeletsa ka botšepehi ka lilemo tse ngata tse tlang. Ha tshebetso sesole Union mabotho a se ntle libetsa tsena.

Le atlehileng. tshebediso ya likanono ka Second Ntoa World caliber ena e ne e bolela hore ba fetohile mochine oa phetolelo bobebe tsa seretse "Tray" ea sampole ea ka 1981.

libetsa Wehrmacht

Jeremane merafong World Ntoa ea II bakeng likanono entsoe ka calibres tse sa tšoaneng, e le ntoa li bokeletseng seretse dimela Wehrmacht ne a ena le diphetolo maloa - 50-limilimithara le 81-limilimithara disampole 1936 le 1932 ka ho latellana.

Bakeng sa ba bang ba tobileng likanono Wehrmacht phahametse counterparts bona Union. Ha hoa ka ha thusa ho mabotho a Jeremane ho phetha mosebetsi-holo - ho hlōla ntoa ena. Hoa hlokomeleha hore ho haptjoa Jeremane World Ntoa ea II ea likanono caliber 81 li ne li sebelisoa ke lebotho la Soviet Union, 'me ka mor'a tlhōlo. Ka tsela eo, ho fihlela ho 1955.

Lata likanono WWII

'nete ea hore Red Army, ho na le e ne e le matla a seng mohla e kileng ea libetsa, Majeremane ithutile qalong ea ntoa.

Pele ntoa unit trust jete likanono tlas'a Captain Flerov a ileng a sebetsana le bohloko e khōlō ho nodal Orsha seteishene July 14, 1941. Ho ea ka bopaki ba baphonyohi ba Manazi, ho sa terene mateano a itihela fatše ka firestorm sebele. jete pakete likanono otla likhetla se feela, 'me ka lekarecheng le incendiary. balaoli ba Jeremane le masole chesoa fatše ka tlas'a maoto a bona.

Botumo ba tummeng "Katyusha" hang-hang jala ka mose pele. Re ne re tseba ka eona le ka morao. Mines bakeng likanono Second World Ntoa entse naha eohle. Single lepetjo bakeng sa baahi bohle e ne e le: "Lintho tsohle tsa pele, tsohle bakeng sa atleha. '

Sephiri "Katyusha" - World Ntoa ea II ea seretse

Puso tsa motheo tsa Balebeli likanono - ka Mosebetsi patiloeng ba maemong a ntoa. Movement feela boemo ba leholimo a koahetsoeng ke maru kapa bosiu, e le hore sera se ke ke khona ho utloa. Ka ha e hlokomela tikoloho ka ho ne ho nahanoa. E mong le e koloi ile epilwe, ka tšokelo feela oa nkhape dimela lokela ho phatloha. E ne e le tlas'a maemo a joalo, motsamaisi oa sekepe o ile a shoa Flyorova leshala hammoho molaoli oa 'ona.

Ka 1942, Majeremane a ntse a khona ho tšoara e le ntoa mochini, empa e sebetsa joaloka "Katyusha", ha baa ka ba atleha. Union indasteri sesole kamehla eketseha tlhahiso ea likanono arabelang.

Selekane Help

Ho qala ka la 1943 Soviet Lata likanono World Ntoa ea II ea, ho ile ha behoa eseng feela ka teraka malapeng ZIS-6 crawler terekere STZ-5, empa o ile a fumana tlas'a alima-a ntshe-tsela likoloi "Ford", "Austin" le "Studebaker." Etselitsoeng "Katyusha" le liqhomane tse ncha.

Ka ho khetheha, e tsoibilang Lata fumaneng e khōlō ea 300-millimeter likhetla. Ba ile ba ne a rerile hore le hantle-e etselitsoeng liqhobosheane dibopeho itšireletsa. E le busa, "Katyusha" otla dikwere. Leha ho le joalo, ho ne ho mabokosana ha tsoibilang ne e lokela ho sebelisoa bakeng sa merero e meng.

Ntoa ka bophirima tsa litoropo

Ka mohlala, nakong ea Vistula-khopisa ho senya ka 8-mithara mabota Poznanskaya citadel qosoa phahameng matla projectiles tsoibilang phuthoa tsoa cha ka ho toba. A betsa kgatlhanang "Katyusha" e ne e le km tse 'nè le halofo,' me ka nako-letho mefuta e fapaneng - 'ngoe feela. Thunya ka hōle e nyenyane e ne e mpa ke sa etsahala.

Leha ho le joalo, balebeli-minomotchiki khona ho feto-fetola sebetsa sa hae e matla bakeng sa ntoa seterata. From Moscow ho Berlin Balebeli "Katyusha" - ka seretse ea Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše - e kenya letsoho ka mafolofolo tshebetso yohle sesole.

Ho ea qetellong ea ntoa e ne e le BM-13 libetsa tsa ripitlang batho ba bangata. Pele ho lumelisa molaoli e Moholo ho rata naha Ntoa e ne e le ka August 1943, ka mor'a ho lokolloa ha Orel le Belgorod. E ile ea e molumo oa volleys pele ea "Katyusha" ka July 1941.

lintlha tse thahasellisang

E o tsejoa hore likanono tloha Second Ntoa World ha feela timetsa liphofu fatše.

Ka 1942, nakong ea sireletsa Sevastopol Junior molefothenente Vladimir Simonok ka chaisoa otlolohileng tswa seretse 82 limilimithara thunngoa fatše ka Sejeremane "Junkers" tlaase tse fofang tse ka lebaka la boemo ba mabotho a Union. E ne e le ketsahalo feela e Moholo ho rata naha Ntoa, ha seretse se otla le manolotsoeng tsa mochine moea lireng. Nakong ena fantastis thunngoa molefothenente Vladimir Polikarpovich Simonku fuoa e le sehlooho Hero oa Soviet Union. Ka bomalimabe, molefothenente ea ileng a bolaoa ka 1942 e tšoanang, ba sireletsa Sevastopol.

ntoa Statistics

Hoa thahasellisa ho bapisa, ka palo ea likanono Union World Ntoa ea II li ne li ntša, bapisoa le linaha tse ling. Kahoo linomoro:

• United States ea lokolloa ka nako ho tloha July 1940 ho ea ho July 1945 ka 111 likete tse diyuniti tsa thepa ea sesole.
• British tshireletso indasteri ya nako tsohle, 'me sena se 1939-1944 GG., O ile a ntša 97 likete libetsa libetsa ka tlelaseng ena.
• Jeremane ho tloha qalong ea 1941 'me ho fihlela bohareng ba bo-1944 o ile a khona ho hlomella lebotho la sona hoo e ka bang lilemo tse 70 tse sekete dimela seretse.
• Soviet Union e ho tloha ho 1 July 1941 ho 30 June 1945 o ile a etsa 348 000 seretse lithunya tsa calibers tse sa tšoaneng.

lipalo tsena li bontša hore likanono Union World Ntoa ea II ea, ba ne ba ratoa haholo 'me a etsa e monehelo le ea bohlokoa haholo ho hlōla Jeremane ea Bonazi.