Litsomong. litsomong mefutakwalo

Litsomong o sebeletsa e le mokhoa oa batho, mokhatlo oa merabe, ahileng tšimo itseng. Tabeng ena, ho ke ke kamehla sebakeng seo. Ena ke ea sechaba kapa ho tloaelehile hore batho merabe bonono etsahala moralo oa lineano tsa lebatowa (ea sebaka).

Litsomong mefutakwalo tse fapaneng ka ho bolela tšoantšetso-itlhalosang ea puo ea bona. Ho na le ea saense ho sebetsana le ho ithuta e rarahaneng ka molomo-'mino, mantsoe, ' mino le tantši, tšoantšiso le papali mefuta bonono setso. Bakeng sa ea sechaba le setsi litsomong ke mefutakwalo tsa litsomong Russia, batho ba phelang ka naheng ea Russia le linaheng tse ling.

Field ea ho ithuta ea saense e ka potso e kenyeletsa, pele ho tsohle, khopolo ea bonono setso - sebopeho sa moralo wa ka mogopolofela.

E mong lintho tse ka sehloohong tsa ho ithuta ke histori le litsomong. sehlopha sena se akarelletsa ho ithuta poetics histori ya bokgabane, evolving ka nako le bontša ka boeona e ka litsela tse sa tšoaneng. Ka ho ithuta histori etsahalang le ho tsosolosa ea bonono khale ea hore pele ho sebopeho sa ea mekhatlo morago ga moo e bonono. Ho phaella moo, ho ithuta ka histori 'me ho ithuta ka fana ka maikutlo a karolo ena e hlokomela mafahla morethetho.

The mefuta e ka sehloohong ea bonono setso ke maele, setso lithothokiso, lipale gospel, liphiri, litšōmo. Litsomong mefutakwalo kenyeletsa demonological le lipale, ea histori songs, lithothokiso tsa moea, o phetha, mahlo-mafubelu, mosebetsi oa bana.

Ho ithuta makala tsa bonono setso ke ntshetsopele ya ba bang ba bona khetheha, ka ho khetheha ka ho ithuta ea litsamaiso itseng. makala ana lokela ho ho thoeng eposovedenie, skazkovedenie le ba bang. Tabeng ena, ho feta moo, hore pele ba bang ba litsomong khale mefutakwalo ba bōptjoa ka 'tsamaiso ea e ncha.

Ea saense hore o ithuta setso bonono, le hlahloba tlhaloso ea bonono ena ka lineano tse ngata tsa morao tjena. Morao-rao litsomong mefutakwalo tse itseng sete ya inhomogeneous hlophisoa mesebetsi ea bonono e tsoang tsamaiso ea fapaneng liindasteri.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore ke habohlokoa haholo bakeng sa tsoelo-pele ea bonono setso ke ho ithuta le ho sebelisana ka maemo a sa tšoaneng. Ka ho khetheha, litsomong e kopanela ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa litšusumetso bobeli ka labeled semantic, stylistic, maemo tšoantšetso, vnutrizhanrovom, mezhzhanrovom. Ka nako e tšoanang ho khetholla liindasteri le lecha le systematized le puisano e fetileng e sebetse.

Ya e le hantle, ho hlahlojoa ha bonono setso ke ke aroloa ho ea ethnographic, setso, tlhaho le libaka le tsa histori tikoloho.

Litsomong le bo ngotsoeng hlahloba litsomong, clarifying khopolo ena, bona e le ketsahalo e, tšoauoa ka e le mofuta tšoaneng. The bonono setso tsa lentsoe tse amanang le ketso ea, intonation, sefahleho, liaparo, le bapale e khōlō, 'mino. Ka nako e tšoanang re ithuta le khethehileng ea temana litsomong.

Ha ho pelaelo hore, ho tloha linakong tsa boholo-holo ho mofutakwalo joale ea tsamaiso litsomong e undergone liphetoho tse itseng. Leha ho le joalo, mefuta e ka sehloohong ea boiqapelo ba lula sebopeho ka eona qalong. Ka ho khetheha, ho ke tloaelehileng bakeng sa liforomo tse nyenyane mofutakwalo: merethetho, metlae, lullabies, khathatsang lipale. Ho sehlopha sena e matleng a hae, 'me mosebetsi oa malapeng (prigovorki, zaklichki, teasers), le ho hlokomela mafahla merethetho (puo ea twisters, jerkin, e iqapetsoeng-shifters).

Har'a tse khōlō litsomong mefutakwalo lokela bolele lilotho, merethetho le lipapali. Ho ae phethang e ikhethang litsomong mahlo-mafubelu. sehlopha sena se akarelletsa lipale ka liphoofolo, novelistic tlaleho (satirical, comical), ho songoa-lipale, bahale, lelapa, mathata a kahisano le ho phetelana lipale sehlopha sa. sehlopha sena e boetse e akarelletsa litšōmo, ea histori songs, lipale tsa 'nete, mahlo-mafubelu lithothokiso.