Lithabeng tsa Kazakhstan: bophahamo, sebaka, histori le tlhaloso

Rephabliking ea Kazakhstan e nya kemana hloa, bochaba lipalo bohahlauli. All ena etsahalang ka lebaka la lithaba tse teng mona. sebaka sena ha se feela Hoa makatsa hore ebe e ntle, empa e ke e boetse e le e tla ba paradeise bakeng sa ba ratang bophahamo ena.

Seo le lithabeng tse ratoang ka ho Kazakhstan? Hoo e ka bang tsohle. Ho na le bo phahameng le tlaase lithaba libakeng tse, tse eteloa ke e lekanang palo ea batho. Mofuta wa sebaka sena ke e ntle ka lebaka la lehloa, e leng ka nako e telele ho bua leshano ka litlhōrō tsa lithaba le maporogo majoe.

Kazakhstan

Rephabliking ea Kazakhstan e teng ka Eurasia. Ho nka tse fetang limilione tse 2 km ^2, etsa hore ho be le ea borobong ka lefatše 'me ea bobeli ea sebakeng CIS.

Sehelane moeli le hang-hang le linaheng tse hlano: Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan le Uzbekistan. Ka mahlakoreng 'maloa ke metsi a la Caspian Leoatle le Aral. Kazakhstan - 'ngoe ea linaha kholo ka ho fetisisa, e leng ha a na le sehokelo ho maoatle.

Ho pholletsa le naha, ho ba teng ha naha e fapaneng le libaka klimate. ea lehoatata ke atileng ka ho fetisisa (36%), steppe (35%), seka-ea lehoatata (18%), lehong (bwa nzoto 5.9%).

Ka leboea ho Republic e teng ka Bophirimela ea Siberia Plain. Ka boroa ho eona thehoa lithabeng tsa Kazakhstan bitsoa Kokshetau.

State West ke ka East European Plain. Mona e beha Subural Plateau le la Caspian mabalane. Sebakeng sena ho na le e nyenyane e lithaba Mugodzhary. Li tsoela pele ho ba Urals ena.

The Republic e arotsoe libaka tse 14 'me 2 ikemetseng toropong. Ho latela lintlha libaka e arotsoe libaka tse 'maloa.

Uplands Kazakhstan e teng sebakeng sa bohareng. Ho nōka Ishim, eo hahile boemo motse-moholo Astana.

lithabeng tsa Kazakhstan

E 'ngoe ea likarolo tse ke ho ba teng ha dinaheng tse nyenyane lithaba. Di selemo le selemo a eteloa ke batho ba ka bang milione, ba tlang e seng feela ba tsoang linaheng tse sa CIS. Ke ka lebaka la botle ba naha ka boemo bohahlauli kamehla fumana phaello haholo.

Batho ba bangata ba na le thahasello ho seo lithabeng tse Kazakhstan ho etela, kahoo u se ke ua a ikoahlaee nako eo o ile a qeta. Bahahlauli ka lentsoe le le leng ho phatlalatsa hore le motle ka ho fetisisa ke e tlase lithaba sebakeng. Ba ke "bosehla steppe", teng ka pelong ea mmuso.

E mong oa tse ngata tse nyenyane ke Aiyrtau. bophara ba eona e e 12 km le, 'me bolelele - 15 km SE. Ho e teng sebakeng North-Kazakhstan Kokshetau. Mountains potolohileng ba banyenyane letšeng Chelkar le Imantau. E mong oa divertise le Aiyrtau na ba bolelele ba limithara tse 500. Located ka matsoapo a e teteaneng moru phaene.

E mong tse ngata ka tsela e tsoanang tsebahalang, teng sebakeng Pavlodar. Ho Bayanaul lithaba. Ba otlolle ho tloha karolong e ka bophirimela ea naha ho ea ka bochabela ea sona 'me nka ea 50 km le bolelele ho tloha ka leboea ho ea ka boroa, ea ka tlaasana - 25 km SE.

Tlhōrō ea thaba massif a hlokomela Akbet, bophahamo ba eona e - limithara tse ka 1027. Ho na le ba e ngata ea matsoai, tse kang morema, porphyry le quartzite. Shale le sandstone ke fumanehe ka seoelo haholo.

Joaloka lithabeng tseo tse ling tsa Kazakhstan, bao mabitso a bona a ho tsebahala hore e mong le e moahi, Bayanulskie lithabeng tseo ba le sebopeho tiered.

Tlase lithaba massifs e hape Delegen. Bolelele ba eona e 20 km le, e le bophara ba km le 16 feela. Ho e teng karolong e ka bochabela ho maralla tlaase. Tse ling tsa litlhōrō tsa lona na ba bolelele ba 1 sekete. Limithara tse. Ka matsoapo laoloa ke steppe sebaka. Ka liphula tse haufi le nōka li hōla lihlahla.

Lithabeng tsa East Kazakhstan

Ka bochabela ho naha e koahetsoe le dimela e ikhethang, hammoho le morui, mefuta e fapaneng ya mefuta e liphoofolo, tse hahiloeng ho sireletsa mehloli ena. Deciduous le ho hloma o kalse mohbat khabisa majoe, 'me sebaka ka bophara ba - makhulo. Markakolsky National Park e na le tatso ea eona e - Markakol letšeng le lula ka sekoti tsa e 'ngoe ea lithaba. Bolelele ba eona e 38 km SE, 19 bophara km le le botebo -. 27 limithara ka pokello 27 oela linōka tse nyenyane ho feta le melapo, empa e le feela molomo bakeng sa Kalzhir. Karkakolya metsi a hloekileng. Ba phela litlhapi tsa salmon e ka bitsoa leruo e ka sehloohong ea molatsoaneng ena.

Bochabela Kazakhstan le lithabeng tse haufi le mateano a meeli ea linaha tse kang Mongolia, Russia le China. Li emela tsamaiso ya Altai, Saur-Tarbagatai le Kalba. Bophahamo ba litlhōrō e ranges ho tloha 900 limithara ho 1400 m. Fihla Hokae ka Bochabela Altai ruileng litsi batlang e phahameng. Mohlala, e mong oa lithaba o bolelele ba 4 sekete. Limithara tse.

Climate makgetheng bohale ba tlholeho ka kontinenteng. Mocheso moea fapana kamehla.

Lenane la "lithaba tse phahameng tsa Kazakhstan" e leba tlhōrō bochabela ea Belukha. bophahamo ba eona e ke ka 4506 limithara tse. Ho ke phahameng ka ho fetisisa e le Altai le Siberia. Ho Etsa tlhaloso e qaqileng ea Belugas ka hantle re 'muso ona oa lehloa, avalanches, liphororo le leqhoa, e leng ho koahela ka holimo kaofela ea thaba.

Yermentay

Yermentay - lithabeng tsa Kazakhstan, sebaka tse hapa e Akmola le Karaganda sebakeng. Ho na le ba bangata ba masabasabeng, maralla, maporogo. Le bua ka e ngata ho maralla tlaase le tsamaiso Timan-Altai. Central Akdym tlhōrō e bophahamo ba eona e - limithara tse 901.

Mona e ile a fumana nomoro lekaneng ea liphoofolo. maikutlo a bona ho fapane. Ho bonolo ho kopana le baemeli ba bobeli steppe, moru, 'me meepo.

SeKazakh Plateau Yermentay emela phatsa ea lefutso letamo tšoaneng ea limela. The limela la sebakeng sena e ikhethang haholo, joalokaha ba bang ba baemeli ba dimela e sa ntse e sala. Rare le o ikhethang dimela - hore ba ka ba fumanang ka ho etela tse ngata tsa divertise. Ka lebaka la maemo a itseng a tikoloho le a klimate a libakeng tse nyenyane fumane mefuta e fetang 400 ea limela vascular.

Rudny Altai

Pakeng tsa linōka Irtysh le Charysh teng Rudny Altai. Sena ke lithaba tse phahameng tsa Kazakhstan. lebitso la e ne e le rasaense oa etsa tlhahiso ea Elena Kotulskaya e loketseng ha e le hantle hore ka libaka tsena ho na le mobung ea tonanahali ea tšepe polymetallic. Liminerale sehlooho tseo di epilwe mona - sphalerite, pyrite, 'me ba bang. Gray tšepe, khauta, silevera le tellurides ha e le habohlokoa hakaale ho mmuso, empa o fana ka tlhahiso ea bona e ntse e sa khaotsa.

Large mobung drive foromo metopa extending ka tataiso leboea-westerly. Ka Irtysh sebakeng li etella pele, koporo le zinki tšepe.

Tianshan

Tien-Shan - lithabeng tsa Kazakhstan, teng hang-hang ho ea linaheng tse 'nè. Sena ke China, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan le Uzbekistan. lebitso la tsoa polelo Sechaena le bolelang "lithaba tsa leholimo". drive ena kopanya litlhōrō tse ngata, seo bophahamo ba sona e feta 6 sekete. limithara tse. Sena se nolofalletsa tsamaiso Tien Shan ho ba e mong oa lithaba phahameng ka ho fetisisa oa lefatše. Ho na le liketane 'maloa eo e fapana ho e mong le tse ling tse ka bophara, bolelele le bophahamo. Tien Shan bolelele ke 2.500 km le ho tloha bophirimela ho ka bochabela. Naivysočajšij tlhōrō e Tlhōlo (bophahamo ba - limithara tse 7439).

Ukok

E mong oa naha ena e sehlabeng tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa - Ukok. Ho e teng e ka boroa ea Altai. Bophahamo feletseng ea litlhōrō tloha 2.200 ho limithara tse 2.500. Mekoloko ne atoloswa ka limithara tse 500.

Palo e kahodimodimo bophahamo ke limithara tse 4374. Ho thaba Kuynen-Uul. Ho palo har'a Altai Mountains sebakeng sa bobeli ka boemong ba, ka mor'a Belukha.

Kokshetau Upland

Kokchetav upland - mabalane SeKazakh drive. bophahamo ba eona e lebetsoeng le e 947 limithara tse (Mount cyanosis). Matsoapo a koahetsoeng ka moru. The depressions laoloa ke lema birch le meru phaene.

Great sebaka Kazakhstan - Turgen khohlo. Mona o ka fumana matša, linōka, liphororo, liliba le mehloli e tla makatsa bohloeki le maikutlong a lona a hlollang. Matsoapo a sebaka a khabisitsoeng ka makhulo le noka Assa le hlaha ka har'a bona.