Lisele concretes: mefuta e, histori ea hlaha 'me ho pharalla tsa tšebeliso

Lisele ka konkreiti a maiketsetso Lejoe thepa, e bopilweng ka moemeli itseng tlamme le ho ba le plurality tsa upraised shnyh lisele tse, tse evenly ajoa ka hare. Hona joale ho na le mefuta e mengata ea tsona. Gradation le hlaha ka entsprechen tse kang mofuta oa binder, ho pharalla ha kopo, 'me maemo a tse ling tsa ho phekola.

tlhophiso

Ho itšetlehile ka binder ka konkreiti lisele li arotsoe ka mefuta e latelang - bubble ka konkreiti le aerated hahiloeng ka konkreite, foamed gypsum le gazogips, foamed metaborate le khase metaborate, le penomagnezit le gazomagnezit. Tabeng ea pele, binder ke samente, ka bobeli - phahameng matla gypsum ka boraro - lejoe la mokoetla, 'me ka bone - karolo magnesia.

Ho latela paramethara ena, e le ho pharalla tsa tšebeliso, concretes ba arotsoe ka kwahelang mogote le mehaho le mogote. A ho qetela seo ho builoeng ka lihlahisoa tsa lisele ka konkreiti (ho na le masakana) di tšoauoa ka matla a phahameng le ka sebelisoa bakeng sa kaho ea mehaho e mojaro oo ba o jereng.

Mabapi le mokhoa oo solidification, ho na le ke ea tlhaho le maiketsetso mekhoa. The mofuta pele lona o thatafalang tlas'a tšusumetso ea maemo a sepakapakeng, 'me ea bobeli - ka lebaka la ho kalafo mouoane.

Pale ea

Tlhahisoleseding pele ba histori mabapi le lintho tse bonahalang ho haha tse kang ka konkreiti lisele, letsatsi khutlela 1889. Joale e ntan'o ba Czech rasaense Hoffman ile aerated ke le d Phaella ka ho re chloride le matsoai carbonate ho slurry samente. Ka lebaka leo, lik'hemik'hale karabelong e hlahile ka lebaka la seo khase-effusing. Ha nako e ntse, tharollo ne a ile ea tiisa, 'me mohaho porous ho ile ha thehoa ho eona. lilemo tse leshome le metso e mehlano 'me hamorao a Amerika le Dyer Aulsvort ka phofo khase-eaba ba etsa e sebediswa, e bopilweng ka ba litšila ea zinki, aluminium le ba bang ba tšepe ba bang. The sebelisana ea hydrogen e lokolloa, ho bapala karolo ea e intumescent tseloe. Ho qaptjoa ena ke motheo ea tlhahiso ea kajeno ea aerated konkreite.

Great monehelo ho ntshetsopele ya tlhahiso ea thepa kaho entse Seswedishe qapileng Ericsson. Ka 1920, o ile a kōpa ho distend tharollo ka ho eketsa lintho tse bonahalang siliceous le samente. Satalatsa tabeng ena lokela ho etsahala autoclave e ka khatello ea 8 atmospheres. Ka mor'a moo ka konkreiti lisele ka tsela ena ba ile ba qala ho hlahisoa Sweden ka boeona e, 'me joale linaheng tse ling. Ha nako e ntse, re theha mefuta e sa tsoaneng tse peli feela. Pele ea bana e ne e le khase metaborate, e emelang konkreiti le sebopeho porous, e neng e akarelletsa motsoako oa kalaka le siliceous additives. Ka 1934 ho na le ne a boetse a shebahala bobeli - siporex - SOS toyaschy ea likarolo siliceous le Portland samente.

tlhahiso ea morao-rao le ho pharalla

Ka konkreiti s ho fetisisa lisele (GOST 21520-89) ke hona joale e fumanehang ka mokgwa wa diboloko. Ba li nkoa e mong oa ka thepa atileng ka ho fetisisa thepa ea mohaho (hammoho le litene ceramic). Ha e le ho pharalla, e ke e pharaletseng haholo, ka lebaka la ho na le masakana tsena emisoa tsohle ho tswa ho marako a tlwaelehileng ka hare, le ho ipolaea le mojaro oo ba o jereng mabota. Tekanyetso boholo diboloko tse ahang ke 600h300h200 millimeters. Leha ho le joalo, e fumaneha ka kopo, 'me ba bang. Tabeng ea moo segokanyipalo sa ea poleiti ea e dikilogeramo ka tlase ho makholo a mahlano ka mitha dikhubu, ho ka sebelisoa esita le ka mokgwa wa le mocheso li sireletsang serameng lera.