Ke maloetseng etseng letho le likoluoa tsa tlhaho ke efe?

Moamoheli tšireletso ea sebetsa khahlanong likokoana-hloko, tšoaetso le likokoana-hloko. Khetholla maloetseng etseng letho, ha lisireletsi tse se etsahalang hona joale le ho sireletsa. Active hape sebetsang ha 'mele oa motho o hlahisa lisele tse ka lebaka la liphetoho ho lefu kapa ente e.

Types of mekgwa sireletsang

Kakaretso ea hanyetsang tshwaetso e susumetsoa ke dikarolo tse peli:

• maloetseng etseng letho;
• Active itšireletsa.

Tshebetso mokoallo khahlanong le libaktheria ke ho ntshetsa pele lymphocytes itseng. Ea bobeli ba ikemiselitse quantitatively ke mekhoa laboratoring. Etseng letho sireletsehile maloetseng ana a hlalosa antibody IgM, IgG.

Lingaka li sebelisa poleloana e reng "avidity" - tlamo matla ea lisireletsi ho antigens. Characterization e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho fumana hore na bokhoni ba e phelang ho hanela tshwaetso jwale. Ha diphetho tse fosahetseng tsa phekolo ea ho ntlafatsa 'mele maloetseng maiketsetso.

tšireletso ea chesehang ea mafolofolo

maloetseng etseng letho ke se teng 'meleng, ha a ntse a motsoako a sebetsang a hlahisoang ke' mele ea ho mokhanni:

• ente;
• seleng ea kokoana-hloko kapa tshwaetso tse ling.

maloetseng Active e arotsoe ke mokhoa oa ho sebopeho:

• likoluoa tsa tlhaho - antibody hlahisoang ke ho loantša lisele tse pathogenic;
• maiketsetso - le hlaha ka mor'a hore tsamaiso ea ente e.

2 haha sitisa ho tšoaetsoa mafu. Natural lisele tse maloetseng, ba lelera ka 'mele ka ho toba bolaea libaktheria. tsamaiso e khopo bao e seng sa 'mele ke sete ya mesebetsi e eketsehileng. Hona ho kenyeletsa letlalo, lera la mucous.

Le ka sehloohong elements tšireletso ea e teng ka mala. Mucous timetsa microorganisms kotsi qabeletsoe 'meleng ka metso ea. Ka lebaka leo, ho hlokahala hore a lule a le boemong ba bophelo bo botle tsa microflora ka.

Puso ea mucous hare susumetsoa ke lintho tse ngata: khathollang ho robala, phepo e nepahetseng, ho kula, ho imeloa kelellong, mocheso setorouku. Ha likokoana-hloko tsohle lekoa lisireletsi tshireletso qala ho sebetsana le dintho tse ding le linaheng tse ling. maloetseng tsa tlhaho kapa e fumanweng fetoha qetela bakeng sa ho hloekisa 'mele ho tloha tlhaselo.

tšireletso ea khathetseng moeeng

Maiketsetso maloetseng etseng letho ka batho ba qala ho hlahisa maemong a latelang:

• e potoloha mali ea gamma globulin serum ha tsamaisoa;
• lisireletsi ne hammoho tšelo ea mali e 'ngoe.

A boemong bo tšoanang le e hlokometse ho masea. Ea gamma globulin li fetisoa ho tloha ho 'mè oa ngoana. Gear sireletsang hlahisoang feela mafu ao le tšoaetso ea hore mosali e mong o bile a kula kapa eo ente ea o lopolotsoe.

Etseng letho maloetseng maiketsetso e fapaneng ho tloha a sebetsang a hore qetellong e disappears. Neonates tšireletso nkiloeng ho 'mè le nyamela ka likhoeli tse tšeletseng. A le phello e tšoanang o ile a re ha tsamaisoa lisireletsi serum sireletsa liseleng tse ha ea gamma globulin e potoloha maling.

litsela tsa ho tšehetsa 'mele

Active phelang ka eona e hlahisa sireletsehile maloetseng ana. Etseng letho ho fokotsa le thulaganyo tshilong ya dijo ka 'mele' me e khothalletsa kolone ke microorganisms pathogenic. Phello e mpe ho kotsi dintho: joala, koae mosi.

lactobacillus tsa tlhaho e sebediswa ho ntlafatsa molumo 'mele. Ikamahanya le seratsoana bongaka. litokisetso Pharmaceutic ba khethoa hammoho immunologist. Hlokomela boemo ba 'mele ke khoneha ke liteko laboratori ea bakeng sa immunoglobulins. Ka tšoaetsoa mafu a sa foleng, tekanyo ena hlokeha haholo.

'maloa mefuta arohaneng tsa Tshebediso ya boitshireletso khahlanong le lefu le itseng:

• toxoids - ente baktheria chefo (lithethefatsi e le hantle ka katleho khahlanong le ha mesifa ea mehlahare, mokhokhothoane);
• inactivated ente - hangata ho nkoa khahlanong ntaramane, e thehiloeng ho sebelisa libaktheria bolaoa hape e sebetsa khahlanong le letshwao-jere ho ruruha ha boko, ha mesifa ea mehlahare;
• phelang lisele tsa tšoaetso ea - attenuated microorganisms ebe o kenya tshebetsong tšireletso ea 'mele ea ho.

ha noutu

Natural maloetseng etseng letho Ho thehoa ho itseng lefu, chefo, kokoana-hloko. mele adapts ho maemo a fetoha, allocates lymphocytes seleng e sireletsang. lisireletsi maiketsetso tse laolwa ke ente le ho na le ke nako e khutšoanyane.

Ha phetiso ea tlhaho ea lisireletsi ho 'mè oa ngoana ho ngoana ho hlaolela tšireletso ea likhoeli tse tšeletseng. Fanoeng boikutlo hlokolosi ba batsoali ba ho masea a ka, ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho ba sa le banyenyane.

Bo-'mè ba feta sireletsa bana ho tloha tšoaetso ea thaotha ported. Sena se etsahala sebopeho sa lesea le kanyeso. Ka lebaka leo, lingaka li u se ke ua ho kgothaletsa e le hore ke ba tela kanyeso, hobane ke boitshireletso ba mmele Ho thehoa ka likhoeli tse seng kae pele.