Ho lokolloa ha Ukraine ho tswa ho bahlaseli Bofasista (1943-1944 biennium)

The Great rata naha Ntoa e ile a bolela batho ba limilione ba bophelo ba batho. Batho ba ne ba eme ka naha ea habo bona 'me o ile a loanela ho ba le bolokolohi ba meloko e tlang. E mong le e naha ea Soviet Union ea mehleng e ntse e tsoela histori ea eona le mabapi le lintoa tsa bohlokoa ea letsatsi, ha Manazi ba ile ba lelekoa sebaka sa eona.

Kajeno, ho lokolloa ha Ukraine ho tswa ho bahlaseli Bofasista e ketekoa ka la 28 October.

kula simolleng

Ho lokolloa ha Ukraine ka 1943-1944. Ho hloka ena heroism, ho inehela le ho rata naha ea masole 'me batho bohle. Ntlha ea pele, hopola kamoo e tsohle ba ile ba qala, 'me joale khutlela ho hapa' me ntoa ea ho qetela bakeng sa naha ea habo bona.

Ka 1940, Hitler o ile a saena moralo oa hlasela USSR. O ne a lebitso le phahameng "Barbarossa". Majeremane a di thuloa ke liphofu tse tharo ka sehloohong mosolotogamaano tloloa selekane: Leningrad, Smolensk le Ukraine. Tlasa morero oa, moeta-pele oa bahlaseli Bofasista, naheng ea Ukraine e ne e le ho ba tšimo e khōlō bakeng sa temo. Ke linaha tsena e ne e tla lokela ho feptjoa Reich.

Bosiu, la 22 June, 1941 Seukraine SSR tlile tlas'a libomo tsa Mabotho a Jeremane moea. Sevastopol, Zhytomyr, Kyiv le Ishmaele amohela otla pele. Lateloa ke litlhaselo tsa moeeng motseng qhetsola fatše mabotho a Majeremane.

E o ile a qala ka nako e telele tšollang mali ntoa. tokoloho Ukraine o ho tloha Manazi tla etsahala lilemo tse feela ka mor'a hore tse tharo. ka lilemo tsena tse tla tšoauoa ka mathata a, tlala le ho hlatsoa ka meokho tse bosula tsa batho ba tsohle Seukraine.

tlhōlo ea pele

O tsoela pele ka Second World Ntoa. Ho lokolloa ha Ukraine e ile etsoa feela ke Union Army. Ka June 1942, ho ile a theha ntlo-khōlō ea Seukraine mokhatlo oa latela mekha, eo ile a etsa hore e ngata hlōtsoe lireng. Fokolisoa liporo timetsoa mare khanna khelosoa tse sa tšoaneng. Ena e ne mabotho a morao-rao tsa thuso e khōlō.

tokoloho Ukraine o ho tloha bafutuhi Manazi tšoaea ho tlhōlo ea pele ea mariha a 1942. Ho fedisa ka Ukraine - motseng Pivnevka Luhansk sebakeng - lokolloa Majeremane ke masole a Soviet Union, e 12/18/1942

14.02.1943 lilemo Manazi ba ile ba lelekoa Lugansk. Nakong ea opereishene eo, ba bolaea masole a Soviet Union tse fetang 10,000.

Ho reteleha ntlha ea ntoa - Ntoa ea Lipetsk

Ho lumeloa hore ntoa le ka sehloohong la ho lokolloa ha Ukraine ho tswa ho bahlaseli Jeremane o ile a qala ka phetoho e khōlō nakong e tummeng Battle of Kursk, eo e ile ea nka ho tswa 05,07 ka 23.08 1943 Ka tekanyo e, e ne e le e mong oa lintoa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea ntoa ea bobeli ea World. Ntoa eo e ile ea nka matsatsi a 49 le boima. Ke ha masole a rona haholo holofetseng le matla le moea oa masole a Jeremane. Fascists potlako ho boela se tshohla merero bakeng sa ketso ea sesole.

Ka mor'a ntoa ea ba bohale bo tšosang le battalions sera sa ba ile ba fallela e le boemo ba ho itšireletsa ho pholletsa le karolo e ka pele ea Soviet Union-Sejeremane. Ba se feela ile a tlameha ho lahla masole a rona empa hape ile a tlameha ho sireletsa bohle litsi bohlokoa a moruo hore ba sa tsoa e hlōloe ke bona le makoko.

Se boleloang ke ha Left Banka Ukraine bakeng sa Manazi

E 'ngoe ea libakeng tse joalo maqiti bohlokoa lebeletse ho le letšehali-banka Ukraine. Ea bohlokoa bo itseng ba jere liindasteri le mashala lik'hamphani sebakeng bohlokoa ka ho ya ka e tala lintho tse bonahalang le setsi sa Donetsk beisine. masole a rona ile a tlameha ho hlōla lebotho la e khōlō ea sera, eo ho eona palo ea batho ba 700 000. Leha e le ofe ba bona e ne e le thepa e matla sesole ka ka tjhelete e ya lithunya 7.200 le likanono, 900 sefofane sesole, 1.200 armored stormtroopers. Mora regrouping mabotho a tle 'muso oa Soviet Union o ile a fuoa ho lokolla tšimong ea Seukraine.

E le qalo ea ho lokolloa ha ka Left-Banka Ukraine

Phahameng Taelo ea ho hlaka ne a utloisisa hore ka lebaka feela Hitler ba ne ba sa fa bilembo bohlokoa. Sera sa diyuniti ka fuoa nako ea ho ema, ho ne ho potlakile hore fallela boroa, ho fihlela Manazi ha aa ka a hlaphoheloa ba bona 'me u se ke ua tla le nchafatsoa mahlahahlaha ka mor'a timetso nakong ntoa e ka ba Lipetsk Bulge. Mong le e mong o ne a tseba hore ho lokolloa ha naha ea USSR tla bo tsoelang pele. Letšehali-Banka Ukraine o ile a laeloa ho lokolla libakeng tse matla ka ho fetisisa: Afrika-Bophirimela, steppe, Central le Voronezh. mosebetsi oo e ne e akarelletsa se feela ho lokolloa, empa hape ho tšela ea Dnieper libakeng tse ngata. E ne e ho hlokahala hore ho etsa Manazi arola mabotho a hae le ho atolosa fetang libakeng tse kgolo, ho joalo hlōla sera tla ba bonolo haholo. shebaneng a mararo ho kopantswe batho ba limilione tse 1,5 ba ileng ba beha ho hlōla. makhotla a rona a hlometseng ne diyuniti 30 000 tsa libetsa, 1700 lifofane sesole le ka 1180 ditanka.

23.08.43 motse - mabotho a masole a rona lokolloa Kharkov.

08.30.43 selemo - a le bolokolohi ba Taganrog.

Donbass tokoloho

Nakong ea atamela ho Donbass mabotho a Russia e ne e ena shebaneng tse peli e khōlō: Afrika-Bophirimela le Boroa. Ho ne ho ka bang limilione tse 1,1 batho, 1.500 lifofane, 1.500 ditanka. Detachments tsa masole a Soviet Union o ile a ikutloeleng bophirimela.

08.09.1943 selemo - Boroa-Bophirimela Front, e neng e eteletsoe pele ke Malinowski, lokolloa Donetsk.

09.10.1943 selemo - a le bolokolohi ba Mariupol. Ho lokolloa ha Ukraine ka 1943-1944. E ne e le ka ho feletseng ballon.

22.09.43 motse - masole a rona Manazi lahlela Dnieper ho Dnipropetrovsk-Zaporizhia. letsatsi lena e nkoa e le letsatsi la ho lokolloa ha Donbass.

Nakong ea tšollang mali lintoa ba bohale bo tšosang ka ho khetheha khetholloa ka boeena o ka liketso tsa hae 34th Balebeli Division. Lesomethataro masole lona fuoa e le sehlooho Hero oa Soviet Union. Ho se tšoane 'me Gorlovskaya 126th Infantry Division - Heroes a leshome le metso e supileng la litima lona. Ntle ho bona e le sehlooho sa Heroes o ile a fumana ho eketsehileng masole a 80 le balaoli ba shebaneng le tse fapa-fapaneng tsa heroism nakong ea ho lokolloa ha Donbass. bakhanni DB Glinka le Oi Pokryshkin hape Hero tsa USSR, le ntoa bakeng sa Donbass o ile a fumana ea bobeli kakgolo khau "Gold Star".

Ba ikhula, Majeremane a timetsoe ka ntle ho hauhela 'me a ikoahlaee tsohle e tseleng ea lona: matlo a tukang le dimela, chefo liliba metsi, o qetile theoha batšoaruoa.

Battle ea Dnieper. Chernihiv le Poltava ea ntoeng

Battle ea Dnieper - amanang tshebetso nakong ea ntoa ea bobeli ea Lefatše, e neng e tšoaretsoe ka dibanka tsa Dnieper. Movement o ile a qala ka ho ea hoetla ka 1943 'me e ile ea nka 4 months e telele.

Mokhahlelo oa pele - loana ka Chernihiv, Poltava 26.08-30.09.1943 selemo eo ho eona karolo 2 Panzer Army, e Voronezh, Central le shebaneng steppe.

27.08.43 motse - ho lelekoa ha Manazi tloha Sevsk.

09/03/1943 - noa Konotop, hloekisa Seim River tloha Manazi.

02.09.1943 - ho lokolloa ha Sumy.

04.09.1943 selemo - ho nka motse Merefa.

09.15.1943 - motse Nezhinskaya lokolloa.

09/16/1943 - Majeremane lelekoa Novgorod-Seversky.

09.21.1943 - masole a rona a ea Chernigov.

09.23.1943 - mora storming o atlehileng ka nkiloeng Poltava.

Nakong ea lintoa tse pele ka Dnieper River, ho bolaea masole a fetang 100 tse sekete Union, ba makholo tšoauoa Hero oa Soviet Union sebete bona le boinehelo.

Nizhnedneprovsk tshebetsong

Mokhahlelo latelang tsa ntoa tsa ba ka sehloohong nōka ea Ukraine - loanela ka finyellang e ka tlaase ho tloha 09.26.1943 fihlela 20.12.1943 selemo. Ba ile ba phethahatsoa ke Southern, ka boroa-bophirimela le steppe shebaneng.

14.10.1943 - ho lokolloa ha Zaporozhye.

23/10/1943 - Atlehang ea ntoeng tsa Melitopol.

25/10/1943 - masole a Soviet Union a kena ka Dnepropetrovsk le Dneprodzerzhinsk.

30/10/1943 - lokolloa Genichesk.

Ka palo yohle, nakong Nizhnedneprovsk tshebetso bolaoa masole a fetang 170 tse sekete tsa Union Army. Katleho ka ntoa bakeng sa Dnieper bōpa maemo a bakeng sa ho lokolloa ha Kiev.

Kyiv tokoloho

The Red Army e ile atamela ka potlako. 1st Seukraine Front (eo pele e neng e bitswang Voroneshski) tsepame mabotho a ka sehloohong makala atamelang ho Kiev. sa ho etsa mosebetsi o bonolo ho hloekisa motse ho tloha mosebetsi Jeremane ho sehopotso sa phetohelo ea 1917. Ka nako eo 1st Seukraine Front ne ka 665.000 masole, ho fihlela ho se lithunya 7000 le likanono, 675 ditanka le Mounts sethunya, 700 ntoa lifofane ile a lopolloa ho masole.

Ka morero oa ho khelosa metsi ea sera November 1st Red Army o ile a qala e khopisang inahaneloang Bukrin bridgehead. Hona joale, le tse khopisang qala ka 11/3/43 le Lyutezhskogo springboard le e ile ea nka matsatsi a 10. Hammoho le masole a Soviet Union a loana masole a sebete Czechoslovak. Sebete le heroism ntoeng tsa Kiev ha feela liketso tsa lihlopha tsa masole a ka Red Army, empa hape e ka tlas'a lefatše moo le lingangele ba loanne kotsi tshebetso bohlale le fa lebotho le boitsebiso ba bohlokoa mabapi le lefelo la masole a lireng. tšehetso ho fetisisa e ne e le ho tloha baahi ba moo. Ba ile ba thusa masole a rona qhibilihile theosa le Dnieper, ba ile a bolela workarounds.

selemo 11.06.43 Kiev ile haptjoa. Ka Moscow e ile ha hlophisoa ho qhoma ha litlelabore ho tlotla ho lokolloa ha motse. Mphe sebete e le ba makholo a masole a ne a fuoa likhau le ditaelo.

07.11.1943 - tlhaolwang Fastova.

11/13/43 - lokolloa Zhitomir.

Ba ne ba ka matla haholo, ha mo qeta, atamela mariha, phepelo e fokola haholo ka lebaka la ho se selelele sa mola ka pele nakong tshebetso ya Kiev ba mabotho a Red Army. Ka lebaka leo, nakong ea nhat le ntlafatso ea mabotho a ho 13,11 ka 12/22/43 e ile atlehe ho thoeng Kiev tshebetso itšireletsa. mosebetsi-holo li ne ho boloka boemo ba Kiev. Ka bomalimabe, lintlha tse 'maloa le matla, ho akarelletsa le Zhitomir, ba ile ba boela ba hapa ke Manazi. Leha ho le joalo, Kiev le khona ho boloka.

Mokhoa oa ho hapa le letona-Banka Ukraine

Ho lokolloa ha Tokelo-Banka Ukraine ile ha etsoa bakeng sa tshebetso Dnieper-Carpathian 24/12/43 ka 17/04/44. Ke isa ka mekhahlelo. Mokhahlelo oa pele - Exactly Berdichevskaya tshebedisano (24.12.43-14.01.44) le khopisang (05-16.01.1944) mabotho Kirovohrad 1 le ea 2 Seukraine shebaneng. Ba ile ba lokolloa ka nako ya White Kereke, Berdichev, Novograd Volyn, Radomyshl.

31/12/1943 - botjha lokolloa Zhitomir. letsatsi lena e ba sehopotso ho motse. Ka tlotla ea ho lokolloa ha Zhitomir ka Moscow lumelise ba 224 lithunya.

01.08.1944 selemo - ka letsatsi la ho lokolloa ha Kirovograd.

Ho 11.01.1944 ne lebotho la rona e hantle e tsoetseng pele moleng pele 'me ba qala ho Vinnitsa, Zhmerinka, le Zhashkiv Uman.

Ho senya masole ba ile ba laeloa hore ba khaotse ho ho khopisa 'me maemong a ho itšireletsa ho ka sebetsa ho fihlela 16 January.

Korsun- tshebetso Shevchenkivska

tshebetso ena e ne e le ho ba sethaleng latelang ea Dnieper-Carpathian khopisang. O ile a etsoa ka 24,01 ka 17.02.1944 ka Battle kopanela mabotho tsa 1st le shebaneng 2nd. Tatellano ea liketsahalo tsa la ho lokolloa ha metsana tloha Manazi:

motse 26.01.1944 - Kapitonovka, Rossohovatna,

La 27 January - Shpola, Metsi, Lipyanka, Mezhyhiria,

January 28 - Zvenyhorodka, bakoa,

La 30 January - Kvitka,

February 6 - Olszak,

February 9 - Mound,

February 14 - Korsun-Shevchenko.

ntoa e neng e le boima haholo. Majeremane a ne ka bohale bo tšosang ka hana, kahoo mahlohonolo alternated hlōtsoe. Ho latela tshebetso Bet e se e tightened, e le molaoli oa mabotho a ya 1st Front Vatutin ile emisitswe, 'me sebakeng sa hae ea khethiloeng ke taelo ea General Konev.

Nakong ea Ntoa ea Korsun-Cherkassy Pocket 47.000 masole a Jeremane li ne li pota-potiloe. February 17 sera sa ba ile ba qala ho senya ka ntle ho "pitsa". Leha e le karolo e nyenyane ea Majeremane ntse se tlōtseng, mabotho a ka sehloohong ba ile ba qhalakanya. Ka palo yohle, nakong ea tshebetso ena ha bolaoa masole a 80 tse sekete tsa Soviet Union. Bakeng sa ho phethoa katleho buuoa Konev ile a fuoa e le sehlooho sa Marshal tsa Soviet Union.

Khopisang ba Red Army ka February-April 1944

tokoloho Ukraine o ho tloha Manazi bafutuhi tsoela pele. Ho tloha qalong ea February le bohareng ba bo-April ho lebotho la USSR khanna letoto la litlhaselo tse atlehileng, tseo ha fella ka hoo e ka bang tsohle le letona-Banka Ukraine e se e tlosoa bahlaseli Sejeremane.

Rovno-Lutsk tshebetso ile a phetha ka ho sa Front 1st le 27.01 ka 11/02/44 mor'a diphetho tsa lintoa telele ka 02 February di tlosoa Majeremane Lutsk le Rivne, le 11.02 le ea bohlokoa mosolotogamaano ntlha Shepetivka.

30.01-29.02.44 - Nikopol-Krivoy Rog khopisang, teng 3rd le 4th Seukraine shebaneng. Re loanela Krivoy Rog le Nikopol bridgehead. libakeng tsena e ne e bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa Jeremane ea Bonazi, hobane mona ile a phetha meepo le ea tšepe 'me a mankanese a manya. Nikopol ile ka lokolloa ka February 8, 'me Krivoy Rog - linomoro 22.

04.03-17.04 05.03-17.04.44 selemo le 2 ba ileng ba tsoa tshebetso e tšoanang: Proskurov-Chernivci le Uman-Botoshanskaya. Ba ne ba akarelletsa masole a 1st le 2nd Seukraine shebaneng. Ba ile ba lokolloa: 10,03 - Uman, 15,03 - Dubno 18,03 - Zhmerynka, 19,03 - Mogilev-Podolsky, 20,03 - Vinnitsa, 21,03 - Chmielnik, 23,03 - Chortkiv, 26,03 - Balti, 29,03 - Chernivtsi. masole a rona ka potlako o ile a nka nōkeng kepala le tšela Seromania leliboho. Tokelo lehlakoreng 2 Seukraine pele e atamela mosiko Carpathians.

Ka nako lintoa tšoaroa ka tsela e southerly. From 06 ho 18 March 3 Seukraine mabotho Front etsoa Bereznegovatoe Snigirevskaya tshebedisano, ka lebaka la tseo sera se ile a hlōla ka ho sebaka seo pakeng tsa Kekana Southern le Ingulets, lokolloa Manazi a 'maloa a metsana. 18/03/44 masole rona o ile a ea Nikolaev, ea neng a lokolloa ka March 28th. Odessa - 10/04/44, ka lebaka la koung Odessa Black Leoatle la ho buuoa ka sehloohong o ile a lokolloa. Tokoloho Letsatsi la atamela Ukraine.

Ka tsela e ka bophirimela

From 13,07 ka 08/29/44, ea lintoa tse chesang ba ne ba khanna ka ba le seabo sa masole a 1st le 4th Seukraine shebaneng bakeng sa Tokoloho ea Bophirimela Ukraine. City Galich o ile a lokolloa July 24. Le tšehetso ea lingangele Poland, masole a Soviet Union a hapa ho la 27 July Stanislav, Lviv le Przemysl. Mokhahlelo oa pele oa khopisang e.

Mohato bobeli ba ile ba qala bosiu ka la 28 July, ka mokhatlo oa khopisa masole Union ka nōka Vistula. Lintoa ne ho le thata, ho mong le e mong motseng le motse masole a loana matla, Bet amehang tshebetso mabotho a tsohle pokello. Ka lebaka leo, e pharaletseng Sandomierz bridgehead ho ile ha thehoa ka 29 August. Bosiu le motšehare, mabotho a rona a loanela ho tshegetsa le go tlotla ea meeli le katoloso e ntle ka ho eketsehileng bridgehead ena.

Mokhahlelo oa ho qetela ka ho lokolloa ha Ukraine

4th Seukraine Front ile ba kopanela ho lokolla Carpathians le Transcarpathian Ukraine. Hammoho diyuniti tsa 1st Seukraine Front, a tsoela pele ho khopisa ka tsela e Carpathian. Hatela pele haholo thibang ho hanyetsa manganga oa lebotho Sehungary. Nakong ea lintoa tse mabifi sa selemo sa lokolla 05/08/44 toropong Stryi, Phato 06 - Drohobych.

Ka se lithaba le meru sebaka sa Carpathians ne ho le thata hore le loane, masole a mabotho a ne khathetse, ne a se na libetsa tse lekaneng. Ka maemo ana, sekhahla o ile a fana ka taelo ea hore ho tloha August 15, masole a la bo4 Seukraine ka pele ka ho itšireletsa ka. Ho sa le joalo qapa khopisang ea makhaola-khang ea General Staff.

Nakong ea Ntoa ea Dukla Pass ho 08,09 ka 28/10/44, o ile a tlosoa occupiers tsohle Bophirimela Ukraine. Hona joale kaofela Seukraine SSR ne free. Union lebotho la lahleha tshebetso ena ke tse ka bang 300 tse sekete. Masole, ba ka bang limilione 2 likoto, litanka 1000 le ka bang 300 ka sefofane.

28.10.1944 selemo - ka letsatsi la ho lokolloa Ukraine o ho tloha Manazi.

Hang hape lefatšeng

October 28 etsahetseng ho lokolloa ha Ukraine ka 1944. Batho thabo lumelisa liberators. tšimong ea Seukraine li ile tsa senngoa ke 2/3, indasteri le temo hore ho hlokahala hore ho tsosoa hoo e ka bang lefela boemong ba. Re-sebakeng seo o ne a lieha, 'muso oa ka Kremlin ha a batle ho khutlisa libaka tsa liindasteri tse phethahetseng ba ile ba lula ka bochabela ea Soviet Union. Donbass feela amohetse botlaaseng lichelete bakeng sa ho tsosolosa ya dimela tsa lona. ntoa e ne e ntse etsahalang, kahoo, tšepe le mashala ne maqiti bohlokoa mohlodi tsa ka pele. Ho fetisisa banna ba shahlileng ba ne ba le ntoa, kahoo ba ile ba sebetsa haholo-holo basali le bacha. mabotho a bona qalong, 'me hamorao ka thuso ea masole a khutla ntoa Ukraine ka ho toba le tsoha moloreng.

Ka 2014, re keteka sehopotso ea bo70 ea tokoloho Ukraine o ho tloha mosebetsi Jeremane. Hlomphuoa mekaubere larileng ka lipalesa mosikong oa sefika ho bafu, khutso motsotso o hlokofatsoa ho isa lefung likampong tsa mahloriso. tokoloho Ukraine o ho tloha Manazi bafutuhi ile ha nkoa habobebe. Ba makholo a likete tsa masole ba ile ba bolaoa ntoeng, khotso e tšoanang ea Ukrainians oele lehlatsipa ho baphethahatsi ba kahlolo ea Sejeremane. heroism bona, sebete, le nang le boitelo le lerato bakeng sa ntat'a le letsatsi le thabisang la ho lokolloa ha Ukraine lokela ha lebaloa.