Classification mehaho: melawana

Feletseng kaofela sepheo tse feela mosebetsi oo ba se ba ntse ho hahoa kapa ba tlas'a ho haha, li ka aroloa ka mefuta e 'meli, makala le meaho. Meaho bitsoa fatše sebopeho, e leng Houses likamore bakeng sa koetliso, boithabiso, mosebetsi, 'me joalo-joalo. Ke mehaho e li Ranked dibopeho botekgeniki: marokho, liphaephe, lipeipi, matamo le ho ba bang. Classification ya mehaho, mehaho e, mafelo a na le e ngata ba makolopetso.

meaho liindasteri

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, mohaho o arotsoe ka lihlopha tse peli tse senotlolo - lehae le liindasteri. Ke indasteri e kenyeletsa:

• ho etsa thepa;
• liphoofolo tse ruiloeng;
• eneji, le;
• le boloka;
• utility.

meaho Civil ba arotsoe ka lihlopha tse peli - sa bolulo le ho sechaba.

meaho bolulo

Ha ho thata ho nahana hore mona di Ranked mafelo a loketse bakeng sa lehae ea motho, e leng:

• meaho foleteng;
• dormitories;
• hotels in;
• se nang le bolulo;
• Mahaeng a Maqheku.

meaho ea sechaba

• mehaho ea koetliso e khethehileng;
• meaho ofisi;
• lefapha la bongaka le mehaho e le libaka tsa tsosoloso;
• mehaho ea ho etsa lintho tsa lipapali;
• melangoana, lireschorente le joalo-joalo;
• libakeng tse mabenkeleng, setjhaba phomosetsa le moreki litšebeletso;
• ho tsamaisa;
• matlo le litšebeletso tsa kopanetsweng;
• meaho multifunctional le mehahong.

Ho na le ke tlhophiso ea meaho le dibopeho. Hlokahalang makgetheng mehaho di finyelloa ka thuso ea litsupa botekgeniki, ho sebelisa ha bona e laolwa ke haha dikhoutu (senipe). Tokomane ena e sebelisa mefuta e fapaneng ya tlhophiso mehaho ke mofuta. Ho ekelletsa moo tlhahlobo senotlolo.

tlhophiso mefuta

1. Palo ea storeys. Ha e se e theha 'maloa a fatše ke: teleskopbomlift, botekgeniki, kamoreng e tlas'a marulelo, fatše (le phehiso hore mohaho holimo e hantle ka holimo bohareng letšoao thero ea naha seng ka tlase ho 2 limithara tse).

• e nyenyane palo ya fatše - bophahamo ba meaho ho fihlela ho 2 fatše;
• karolelano ea palo ea storeys - ya 3 ho 5 fatše;
• eketseha palo ya storeys - 6 ho 9 fatše;
• multistory - ho tloha 10 ho ea ho fuluru 25;
• Phahameng-phahama meaho - ho tloha 26 fatše ka holimo.

2. Ha a le lintho tse bonahalang ho tswa ho tse mabota a entse:

• Stone (setene kapa lejoe tsa tlhaho);
• ka konkreiti s (e seng ea tlhaho lejoe, ho na le masakana a konkreite ha);
• ka konkreiti s;
• tšepe;
• sefate.

3. Classification mehaho ho latela mokhoa oa ho u ahele:

• ba tse nyenyane-boholo bo lekaneng dikarolo (hona likarolo hahang mehaho, tse ba ile ba fallela ka setšeng sa kaho ho sebedisa thepa nyenyane kapa ka letsoho);
• ea likarolo tse khōlō-boholo bo lekaneng (bakeng sa tlhomamiso ea likarolo tsena sebelisa cranes e meholohali le mechine e);
• Monolithic (pele ho entsoeng ka konkreiti Remix kenngoa ka hlobo e ka ho toba ka setšeng sa kaho, moo ho se solidification lona).

4. Durability:

• Ke - nako ya tshebetso ya fetang 100 lilemong tse;
• II - ho tloha 50 ho ea ho lilemo tse 100;
• III - ho tloha 50 ho ea ho lilemo tse 20;
• IV - ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 20 (nakoana meaho).

5. ka motse-moholo:

• 1st sehlopha sa - sebopeho, ba khona ho kopana le e eketsehileng ditletlebong. Mehaho ka sehloohong motseng ka nako presumptive ya tshebetso lilemo tse fetang 70 (liteishene, limusiamo, theater, litsi tsa litaba tsa setso). Sena se le ka kenyeletsa mehaho e ikhethang ea bohlokoa ea sechaba ka bophelo bohle ba lilemo tse fetang tse 100 (Kreste Mopholosi Cathedral, Kremlin Palace ea moseja , 'me joalo-joalo. D.).
• Sehlopheng 2 - sebopeho, ba khona ho kopana le ditlhoko karolelano. A maholohali a kaho, e leng motheo wa ntshetsopeleng motse, ka nako presumptive tsa tšebetso ea seng ka tlase ho 50 lilemo tse (meaho ofisi, hotels, selotlolo storey meaho bolulo).
• Boraro sehlopha sa - sebopeho hore ka kopana ditlhoko tsa mahareng-boholo bo lekaneng le fokotswa (meaho bobebe le ka tlaase-moholo tshebetso presumptive nako ea lilemo tse 25 ho ea ho 50).
• 4th sehlopheng - moaho le ditlhoko bonyane.

Ho itšetlehile ka sehlopha sa khetha ho haha 'me thepa ea kaho. Bakeng sa ditlhomo phahameng-qetellong ea matlapeng matla le nako-proven refractory le thepa hore ba ka khona ho fana ka tšebeliso serviceable le nako e telele ntle le tokiso khafetsa.

Classification mehaho le dibopeho tsa kotsi mollo

meaho tsohle ka kotsi mollo li arotsoe ka litlelase. Karolo e itšetlehile ka mofuta oa ho sebelisa mohaho oo o le ka moo tšireletseho ea baahi ba ka tabeng ea mollo ke tšosoa. Ho nahanela lilemo tsa ka, boemo ba fisioloji, kgonego ya ho ba le boemong ba ho robala, mofuta oa motheo sebopeho tshebetso le matla a lona.

Classification mehaho le mehaho:

• F1 - sebopeho hlalosoa ho lula ka nakoana baahi (lithuto, mosebetsi, hotels, phomosetsa, joalo-joalo) hammoho le bakeng sa ho lula ha ka ho sa feleng.
• F2 - sebaka sa mesebetsi setso.
• F3 के - thepa ea mohaho ea khoebo ka ditshebeletso ho baahi ba '(mabenkele, ho phomosetsa, liteishene tsa terene, lipetlele, liofisi poso, libanka, joalo-joalo).
• F4 - mafelo a ne a rerile hore lipatlisiso tsa saense, mekgatlo ya thuto, laola ho haha, mollo lefapha.
• F5 - ka jareteng le mehaho ea morero oa liindasteri kapa polokelo, litlaleho. Ho etsa thepa le polokelo mehaho ea, ho akarelletsa le dilaboratiriamong le lithupelo tse ka mehaho ea litlelase f1, F2, f3 के le F4, F5 ba Ranked ho tlelaseng.

tlhophiso ea bohlokoa haholo ea meaho le dibopeho. Basic polokeho mollo litokisetso sebetsa ho ditlhoko taolo ya sebakeng seo ka taba ea mollo.

Classification mehaho le dibopeho tsa mollo ho hanyetsa

Boleng ba kaho e bakoang ke lepelela tsa mollo ho hanyetsa bona, ke e ho ne ho bolela nako e ka mor'a moo ka taba ea mollo ho na le e mong oa litsupa tse tharo:

• obvalivanie lepelela;
• ponahalo e siling ka mapetsong kapa masoba (likhase combustion e kena likamoreng haufi) ;
• futhumatsang ea letlapa ho mocheso ho e qholotsa combustion e itlelang feela ea thepa e ka likamoreng haufi (140-220S).

E leng bokhoni ba mohaho fuluru e tšoauoa ka mollo-ho hanyetsa lintlha. Types of mollo ho hanyetsa ea meaho:

• Ke - ka majoe dibopeho (fireproof).
• II - ka majoe dibopeho (nonflammable le nonflammable).
• III - le dibopeho Lejoe (nonflammable, nonflammable le chang).
• IV - plastered le lehong.
• V - ka lehong plastered.

mollo leliboho:

• ceramic litene - 5 H;
• metaborate setene - 5 H;
• ka konkreiti s letlapa - 4 lihora tse (petsoha le hlaha ka lebaka la ho ba teng ka ho hlophisoa ha metsi ho 8%);
• lehong le samente barbotage - 1 H 15 mets;
• tšepe sebopeho - metsotso e 20 (1100-1200S - tšepe fetoha ductile);
• monyako o ka pele e tlas'a lelakabe retardant kalafo - hora 1.

Porous hahiloeng ka konkreite, sekoti setene ba le phahameng mollo ho hanyetsa. Bonyane ba mollo hanyetsa monyako o ile a pepesa tšepe tlhomamiso, 'me palo e kahodimodimo - matlafatsoa konkreite.