Brachiocephalic kutu: mohopolo le tlhaloso

khopolo ea "brachiocephalic kutu" Ho lokolloa ka kaheho ea batho le liphoofolo tseo ka bobeli. Kajeno ha re bue ka taba ena ka ho qaqileng haholoanyane.

ya kgopolo ya kakaretso

Lebitso la 'mele ona ipuella. Brachiocephalic kutu susumelletsa ho tswa aorta mokhoeng bohareng ba sternum ena. Ka mor'a moo o hloa obliquely, ebe ea ka morao, 'me ka boemo ba acromioclavicular kopanetsoeng e arotsoe methapo tse peli. Located ka pel'a trachea, e leng bana ba e koahetsoe ke tšoelesa thymus, 'me e na le e-ba bolelele e nyenyane ea disentimetara tse tharo ho tse' nè.

Masea hangata e o arolelanang tsefaladu ka sternoklavikulyarnuyu articulation ka triangolo pel'a molaleng.

Kutu ea motho ea

Ho batho, 'mele ona o na le mohaho o hlalositsoeng ka holimo. Hangata khutšoanyane 'me a teteaneng sejana, eo makala a ka mothapo pedi nepahetseng hore mahlakoreng ka bobeli - le letona le ka pele - ba koahetsoe ke pleura ena. Ka ho le letšehali e le karolo ea 'mele oa motho ea nang le mothapo moo. Ho seng joalo, sekepe se bitsoang brachycephalic kutu (ho tloha ka lebitso la Latin) kapa mothapo innominate.

Monna le moqomo brachiocephalic ho ya itseng mafu. Har'a bona ke tse latelang:

• Atherosclerosis (ho bokella k'holeseterole le mafura ka mabota ka hare la methapo e);
• likoli tsoalo;
• hemangioma (nang kotsi hlahala eo develops ka lijaneng tse nyane mali);
• mothapo mo ntša kotsi;
• aneurysms (tjaleho lumen ke linako tse peli kapa ho feta);
• occlusive lethopa khoro makala (boo ba e lumellang metsi ho kena vascular, leng isang ischemia tsa boko le lipheletsong (ka holimo)).

Haeba u na le mathata a amanang le sejana e lokela ho fetisetswa ho buuoa vascular.

Kutu ea liphoofolo

brachiocephalic kutu Anatomy ba hlahlamang. Ho fapana le batho hore e tobisitsoe ho monyako ka sefubeng cavity, 'me ho na le se a ntse a e arotsoe methapo tse peli le letšehali (a nepahetseng batho). Hlahellang ka boemo ba bobeli thoracic vertebra.

Ka ba bang ba liphoofolo, tse kang lintja le likolobe, brachiocephalic kutu moo, ho ena le ho mo - tse peli setse methapo hore o tsoe ho ea khoro aortic. Ho e mong oa methapo ea pelo, e bitsoang brachiocephalic, tloha ho carotid methapo, e leng etsa mali ho hlooho ea liphoofolo. Kantle ke pere e 'maloa methapo nyane tloha ho lona.

Brachiocephalic kutu e fana ka mali ho ea fihla hloohong, molaleng, sefubeng leoto la leboteng sefubeng.

Maemong a mang, bakoang ena ho ea botlaaseng ba le thyroid tsoelesa e ke tlaasana thyroid mothapo. Ka lebaka la kutu ka lefisa ho haella kapa ho ba sieo ha e mong oa lijaneng tsa thyroid.

makala kutu

E le hore ho tebelwa mosebetsing ea lijana ho tswa ho methapo subclavian na mefuta e se tšoane itseng. From mothapo ba tloha ho makala tse latelang:

• Khopo-cervical kutu fanang mali ho mesifa ea molala le ho omellang. Tloha moo 'moho le methapo kang tebileng vertebral cervical le (ka ruminants le likolobe) kapa feela pele ba tsona (carnivores). Ka lipere, kutu e ikemetseng ea lekala.
• Tebileng mothapo cervical fanang ka "extensors" hlooho le molaleng. Diverges ka mesifa ea molala, tataiso hae cranial. Ka molaleng, hammoho le mefuta lesapo la mokokotlo lekala peeletso bobeli. Kolobe le ntja, mothapo ena ke ea lekala ea kutu khopo-cervical.
• mothapo Vertebral ke mouoane. Hape o ile a laela cranially. Ho Finyella atlelase, bei ea lekala ea mesifa e le lesapong la mokokotlo tsoela ka lesoba ka pele cervical vertebra (atlelase) le molaleng mefuta phoofolo kgolo phallo tseleng (tse bitsoang collaterals). Ka likhomo susumelletsa hammoho le makala a boletsoeng ka holimo. carnivores A ke pele mali sejana, e tloha moo 'ho tloha mothapo ho subclavian.
• Plechesheynaya mothapo (ho seng joalo tsejoa e le mothapo ka ntle feela cervical) dumella molaleng mesifa le mali, dewlap le monyako ho sefuba. Kolobe susumelletsa hole thyroid kutu hae.
• Ka hare le tsa ka ntle thoracic mothapo. Holim hare e lebisitsoe caudal ho sternum, e tluoa tabeng ea ho likhopo bosupa le lifereko. sejana hae ea ho qetela e hlahisa mothapo musculo-diaphragmatic. theohang ka ho eketsehileng le thepa e 'mali ho ka mpeng cavity mesifa, likolobe le carnivores hape mammary tšoelesa. mothapo Outdoor bypasses le khopo la pele le makala a tebileng ka mesifa ea matsoele. mothapo ena e ena hampe ntshetswa pele.

Next brachiocephalic kutu liphoofolo, le e tsoelang pele Left methapo e ba mothapo axillary. Ba mohloli o ka sehloohong oa phepelo ea mali ea maoto le matsoho thoracic.