Bovanenkovo depositi. Bovanenkovskoye tšimo khase

Yamal ke mosolotogamaano bakeng OAO "Gazprom" le Russia ka sebakeng kaofela moo concentrated ba ruileng mobung ea oli le khase. Ha Soviet Union e se hloahloa e haholo-holo etsoa ka morolo sebakeng, ho hlahisa mesebetsi e amanang hydrocarbons e sa a khanna. Tsohle fetohile ka 2006, ha e ne e le qeto mosolotogamaano ka ntshetsopele ya mehlodi ya ka tlas'a lefatše tsa Yamal Hloahloeng.

tlhaloso e khutšoanyane ea

26 masimo a sibolla ke geologists Russia ka hloahloa e khōlō ea Russia, eachother mehloli e khaphatsehang ea matlotlo a bohlokoa tsa tlhaho. mehloli ea oli revocable e hakanyetsoa ho ikarabella bakeng sa boima ba lithane tse fetang limilione tse 291, khase - 10,4 litrillione ^m3 condensate - fetang lithane tse limilione tse 250. Ntho ea bohlokoa ho tla ntshetswa pele Bovanenkovo tšimo (hammoho le Kharasaveyskoye). E na le feela halofo Yamal khase (libilione tse 5,8 limithara ³⁾ le boima ba lithane tse limilione tse 100 tsa khase condensate.

Bovanenkovo khase tšimo condensate

Ka metšoasong ea hydrocarbons hloka botsitso Bovanenkovo oli le khase condensate depositi e nkoa e le ea boraro (4.9 litrillione limithara ³⁾ ka bohlokoa ba Federation ea Russia le bohlano lefatšeng. Ka molao, tlhahiso ea khase qala ho 23.10.2012.

Bakeng sa 2013th Selemo gasman tlosoa ka tsela 60 liliba ³ limilione tse likete tse 22,8 limithara tse dikubita tsa khase, ho hlongoa emisoa ho lokisetsa rarahaneng e na le matla a phahame haholo - ho fihlela ho limithara tse dikhubu limilione tse likete tse 30 ^3. Sena se etsa hore ho ka khoneha ho eketsa ka ho eketsehileng tlhahiso, haha liliba tse ncha. Ka kakaretso porojeke e ne tlhahiso ea boemo ba limilione tse likete tse 115 ^m3 faneng Software. Tsamaisa khase ke tsamaiso Bovanenkovo - Ukhta le ka ho eketsehileng ho khomarela toropong ea Torzhok.

lisebelisoa porojeke e ne

The Yamal Hloahloeng mapeng bonahala e le ntho e itseng e nyenyane expanses sabaletseng tsa Russia, Leha ho le joalo, bohlokwa ya moruo ya sebakeng e sa tloaelehang ea bohlokoa. Ha ho makatse hore ho ntshetsopele ya lirafshoa tsa hloahloeng e amehang khampani khōlō ka ho fetisisa ea naha - "Gazprom".

The moreki ho kenya tshebetsong e le dipeeletso tsa porojeke e ne "Development tsa mobung Cenomanian-Aptian tsa Bovanenkovo khase condensate tšimo" nakong e tlang ke le opareitara e mehaho khase tlhahiso ea boletsweng khampani "Gazprom meepo Nadym" (Pau). Kakaretso moqapi - JSC "VNIPI-Gasproduction" - ka December 2007, o ile 'me a fana ka HDN moralo wa ho qetela.

tšimo Yamal Bovanenkovo

Tsela eohle ea morero e atlehileng, merero ea rōna tla phela ka mor'a ho amoheloa ke qeto e thaothelang sesole sa OJSC "Gazprom". morero oo o fana ka bakeng sa kaho ea e meraro khase ditlhomo rarahaneng (GPP). Industrial liliba na diyuniti 775 hlophisitsoe ka lihlahla 56. The lebetsoeng le khase tlhahiso ea tla tšoana le ho 115 limilione tse likete tse limithara ³ ka selemo, ka nako ea tlhahiso e tsoelang pele ka lilemo tse 10. Nakong kaofela tshebetso potoloho tšimo Bovanenkovskoye e lebeletsoe ho hlahisa 2.657 ³ libilione tse limithara tse dikubita tsa khase.

Ho bokella le khase e tsoang ka masihla khase hantle pele kenya CPG etsoa ke bophara lipeipi 426 le 530 limilimithara palo yohle bolelele ba 391,5 km SE. Ho thibela hydrate sebopeho ka e tšoanang ba beha metanoloprovody khase bokelloeng ha babokelli ba.

tsa dibopeho tsa motheo

Ho tloha ka 2006, o hlophisitse kaho borakontraka ka mafolofolo ntshetswa pele u banna ba Yamal Hloahloeng. Map tsa Yamal-Nenets ikemetseng ka District, e ncha estates bolulo. Sebakeng sa tšimo Bovanenkovo e mafolofolo hahuoa etelletsa pele tsa dibopeho tsa motheo tse mahlonoko, ba sechaba le ba lipalangoang tsa dibopeho tsa motheo, tse reretsoeng ho netefatsa ho hahoa nakong ea tlhahiso khase eo, ho lokisetsa ya Bovanenkovo khase condensate ea tšimo 'me ho sebetsa le boreleli la depositi bakeng sa nakong eohle ea opereishene.

Feela ka 2007 ho ile ha kenngoa tshebetso beha dintho 36, har'a e kenyeletsang lethathamo haholo-holo bohlokoa:

• liteishene tsa mollo;
• kalafo metsi, mehaho ea likhoerekhoere;
• rotational bolulo rarahaneng;
• Base lefapha la phepelo sebetsa.

Industrial beha dintho

Ho latela bo amohelehang le dipeeletso tsa lenaneo la OAO "Gazprom" ka 2008, ba ne ba hlahiswa 29 etelletsa pele libaka kaho, jarisa rarahaneng matla dimela ditlhoko, e leng matla a mola 110 kV, hammoho le tsa dibopeho tsa motheo ho tsamaisa motse Kharasavey.

Laele khase pholoso seteishene botlaaseng Workover Rig lumelloa ho tlisa ho Bovanenkovo khase condensate lik'hamphani tsa tšebeletso ea tšimo ho akarelletsa kaho le ho tsosolosa ea pele e ile ea fata liliba.

Ka 2009-2010, ea tšimo Bovanenkovo e fumanweng thepa e ncha. a lebisa tlhokomelo e ngata o ne a lefile ho kaho ea tsamaiso ea, ka ho toba e amanang le tlhahiso ea khase, hydrocarbon lokisetsa lipalangoang. Ka nako eo, ka mafolofolo a ntse a e ile ea fata lilibeng, kaho ea libaka tsa GPP.

mesebetsi tlhamosea

Le e le qalo ea ntshetsopele ya Yamal, haholo-holo nakong ea tsogelwa mehaho ka mafolofolo nakong ea tšimo Bovanenkovskoye, o ile a senola mathata a mangata le ho haha 'me a tshebetso ya dibaka tsa. Ke tlameha ho sebetsa ka maemo boikatiso leqhoa, qhalakanyetsa, permafrost. S'o ka e etsahala maemo rarahana permafrost, hole ho tswa ho likhoebo indasteri kaho le rudimentary tsa dibopeho tsa motheo ho tsamaisa beha tsohle ditshebediso tsa ka ho hlokahala hore a ho ntlafatsa mekhoa e ho moralo, kaho le tshebetso ya e rarahaneng ka. E ne e ho hlokahala hore ho etsa bonnete ba theknoloji, moruo le tikoloho khahlehang tsa morero.

Bovanenkovo khase ea tšimo e-ba behang mohlala o motle ka ho rarolla mathata a ntshetsopele ya Yamal. Akaretsang lenaneo la leano le popontshwa e kenyeletsa:

• tšebeliso mohaho theknoloji e hore ho ntlafatsa ho tšepahala ha libaka tsa khase ea tšimo ka dipehelo tsa permafrost;
• ho ntlafatsa ka bokgoni ba ho ntshetsopeleng tšimo;
• ho etsa bonnete ba tshebetso sireletsehileng ea mobung;
• tšebeliso ea theknoloji e eneji, le pholosang;
• ho sireletsa tikoloho;
• phatlalatso ea liphihlelo tse monate masimong hlamatsehang.

mogote tsitsisoa

Pele letotong la theknoloji e ncha ho ka etsahala ho beha kaho ea libaka tsa ho sebedisa tsamaiso ea mouoane-mokelikeli oa mogote tsitsisoa ea mobu permafrost, ho sebetsana le ho sebelisa ha a batang tsa tlhaho. Ka maemo a thata geocryological Yamal theknoloji ena e fana ka moralo mocheso boemo ba makalana hoammeng fatše le ho thibela ntshetsopele ya kotsi meaho deformations tšohanyetso.

Kopo ea theknoloji ena ka estuarine libaka liliba Bovanenkovskoye tšimo nolofalletsa thibela thawing tsa leqhoa lefika le tlas'a tšusumetso ea mokelikeli tlhahiso. Thermostabilisation leqhoa permafrost libaka wellhead liliba khase hammoho le lifte insulated liphaephe ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho etsa bonnete ba botsitso ba liliba lera ka mefuta e fapaneng ya ketsahalo ea permafrost motheo wellhead piping studs le lirosa embankments.

Bovanenkovo depositi e ile ea e etsa liteko fatše bakeng sa theknoloji ea lekholong la XXI. Mekhoa bakeng sa kaho ea meaho motheong tlhaho sebedisa mouoane-mokelikeli mogote tsamaiso ea tsitsisoa fana ka melemo e latelang:

• le phokotso theko ka makalana tšepe ho 50% bakeng sa kaho ea meaho le fuluru fatše kantle ho cellars ventilated;
• tse pedi ho phokotso tharo-lesaka ka nako ea kaho;
• laoloa ho netefatsa maemo a mogote wa makalana hoammeng fatše, 'me ka lebaka leo, ho tšepahala bona.

Nsete ankora liqubu

E mong, ha ho na theknoloji e seng tsa bohlokoa ke kaho ea metheo ea liqubu nsete ankora. Smooth tšepe motheo methapo, e atisa ho sebelisoa ka kaho ea Bophirimela Siberia, ha baa phethahala. Ba na le e tlase behang bokgoni, le tlaase ho hanyetsa ka permafrost, tshebediso ya lintho tse bonahalang le go tlhoka mesola tse ling. The tshebediso ya le liqubu nsete ankora o na le le menyetla e latelang:

• ho eketseha ho hanyetsa makhotla a bose ya serame heave;
• phokotso ya metheo lintho tse bonahalang le nako ea kaho;
• 2-3-lesaka le keketseho ea litšobotsi tsa mojaro behang ba liqubu le fokotseha botebo ho qoelisoa ba limithara tse 6;
• durability ya metheo ya maemo a thata fatše;
• ho hloka dithulaganyo "metsi" (hang-hang ka mor'a ho hlongoa qubu ke loketse bakeng sa phetiso ya moralo mojaro);
• junifomo kopo ya bokella mokhoa ka tšoenngoa (mabapi GEOCRYOLOGICAL) libaka kaho.

tšimo Bovanenkovo 'mapeng

Morao tjena, ea tšimo Bovanenkovo bolela feela ka limmapa Geological ka tsepisa Sepheo khase le tlhahiso ea oli ka sa nako e telele. Sibolloa ka 1971 ke jioloji Union Vadim Bovanenko, ho ha e so pele, ho tloha boiteko bo ne ba tsepamisitse maikutlo tabeng ea tse khōloanyane (Yamburg le Urengoy) mobung.

Ea tšimo Bovanenkovo e teng ka bophirimela ho Yamal Hloahloeng. Letangoana la ho sesa ka ho feletseng ka naha, tseo ntsetso-peleng ntshetsopeleng lona. Moeli o ka bophirimela ea site e teng km mashome a mane ho tloha Koung ea Sharapov Shar (Kara Sea), East - haufi le e le setsi sa hloahloeng. Ka libaka khase tlhahiso ea phallang noka naduy-Yaha, Se-Yaha le thiba molomo-Yaha, eo e lefisang ditlhoko stringent ka karolo ea tikoloho tsa morero.