Beta-blockers

Beta-blockers li sebelisoa e le lithethefatsi antihypertensive tloha sixties pele. Ho tloha phumano ea sephetho sa pele sa ho phekola le letsatsi la katleho ea bona e hantle tlalehiloeng ka lithuto tse ngata tsa laoloa, hammoho le ka ho ipapisa le khahlamelo ea mokhoa oa ho feta mehleng ea kajeno.

Beta-blockers sebelisoa ka katleho ho khatello ea mali theola le ho thibela ntshetsopele ya lefu la pelo 'me a shoa. The mochine oa bohato bona antihypertensive o thehiloe ho fokotseha ha khumo cardiac ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ha matla a le maqhubu a ya pelehi. Ho phaella moo, beta-blockers kenya letsoho hore ho hatelloang ea secretion ea renin ka juxtaglomerular (okoloklubochkovom) liphio sethusathuto le ntlheng ena, ho ka katleho thibela mosebetsi oa renin-angiotenzinaldosteronovoy le tsamaiso ea bohareng vasomotor.

ho sebelisa ha bona ka nako e telele ka qholotsa ea fokotseha ea ho hanyetsa vascular (palo yohle pheriferale), ka lebaka la ho eketseha baroreceptor nahanela le tlhahiso ea ka leboteng vascular tsa prostacyclin (prostaglandin vasodilating).

Tse sa tšoaneng beta-blockers sebelisoa ka tekanyetso lekanang, na le ka tsela e tšoanang e le hantle hypotensive. Feletseng litla antihypertensive develops ka hare ho ka libeke tse peli ho tse 'nè. "Hlakoloa" lefu ka 'na ea hlaha khahlanong le semelo sa kalafo nako e telele. Bakeng sa thibelo ya lona lithethefatsi e sa ile a khaotsa hang-hang, 'me butle-butle fokotsa lethal dose bakeng sa matsatsi a leshome ho metso e mene.

Systemic ho pepesehela lithethefatsi, haholo-holo bao e seng khetha, ka qholotsa ntshetsopeleng ya litla ea bongaka bohlokoa cardiac le noncardiac lehlakoreng.

Sehlopha sa pele se akarelletsa mafu a ka tsehetso ea hlabollo-maikutlong semelo sa (ho tepella maikutlo, maloetse a boroko, joalo-joalo), matšoao matšoafo (bronchospasm), vasoconstriction pheriferale (hill claudication, lipheletsong batang, joalo-joalo), mesifa bofokoli, ho hloka matla. litla Extracardiac lehlakoreng emela kholofalo ea mosebetsi renal bakoang ke fokotswa phallo ea mali ka ho a liphio le, mathata a lipid le k'habohaedreite metabolism.

Ka liponahatso cardiac sehlopha e kenyeletsa:

• cardiac pompa mosebetsi boo tsamaea le matšoao a khaello;
• thibela likepe (atrioventricular sinoatrialnaya) pelo le bradycardia;
• hypotension khahlanong le fokotseha ka tsela e feteletseng ka khatello ea mali;
• antiarrhythmic sebediswa.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ya diokobatsi thepa blocker lumella u ho khetha homolog lithethefatsi hoo e ka bang mong le e mong joalo. Sena se o nahanela le tolerability tsa phekolo, kotsi e tlaase-tlaase tsa liketsahalo tse bohloko, ka nako ya ho pepesehela le mofuta oa boemo bo litleleniki tsa.

Kgetho ya beta-blockers ka phekolo feela e lumella ho tlwaelegileng a ea khatello ea mali e ka bang ka 40-50% ea bakuli le kgatelelo ya madi. Ha ho bapisoa ho ama bakuli ba bacha, bohareng le ho feta lilemo, phello ea e batlang e le ka tlaase ho batho ba hōlileng. Tshebediso ya diuretics thiazide hammoho le beta-blocker felisa ho se tšoane. Kahoo, ho atleha ha phekolo e joalo motswako eketsa ho 78-80%.

Beta-blockers ho alafa angina lula sebakeng se khethehileng. Ka lefu lena, lithethefatsi tse joalo ba ile a sebelisa jwalo ka Anaprillin (obzidan), Sotalol, Atenolol, Konkor, Monotard.

Phello ea tsohle ea lithethefatsi tsena li ka ikemiseditse ho fokotsa khatello ea mali le ho "deceleration" ho otla ha pelo. The litekanyetso li behoa ea ea lithethefatsi leha e le life li lokela ho khetha ngaka feela motho.

Lithethefatsi ba contraindicated a asma, sa foleng obstructive mafu methapo, atrioventricular le literata bobeli kapa lengolo la boraro. Sa kgothaletswa ho sebelisa beta-blockers ka tsoekere mamello phytoteratology, pheriferale lefu ea bohlokoa, baatlelete ba le batho ka bomong 'meleng a sebetsang.