A look at the ntshetsopeleng kelello ea motho ea

Bakeng sa nako e telele, ka ho qetellong ea XIX le lilemong tsa bo-XX, ka kelello ho na le e ne e le bothata methodological amanang le vagueness le ho ba le khoao ka merero ea ho qetela a kelello lipatlisiso. The kganetsano ka kutloisiso ea ntshetsopeleng seo kelello, ka ho beha melao 'me maemo a ho hlakileng lona, e ile ea etsa hore a' maloa a bopa dikgopolo tsa e fapaneng, e thehiloeng lintlha tsa sechaba le tsa likokoana-hloko, ka karolo e phethoang ka sehloohong sa lefutso le tikoloho ka ntshetsopele ya tlameletswe dikelellong ena. Leha ho le joalo, boteng ba likolo tse fapaneng kgothaletswa ho bokella disete bonahetseng ya data ya ntshetsopele ya bokgoni ea botho linakong tse sa tšoaneng tsa bophelo hore li ntshetswa pele ka bang likhopolo ho hlalosa boitšoaro boo e senola mekgwa hore theha itseng thepa ba kelello ba motho eo.

Ka saense ea kajeno, ntshetsopele kelello e ka tloaelo se bone e le karolo ea celow podrozy ba tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa: psychoanalysis, behaviorism, Gestalt kelello,, batho, 'me likhopolo tse liphatsa tsa lefutso.

ntshetsopeleng senohi tswa ntlha psychoanalytic maikutlo,

Sigmund Freud entse khopolo ea tsebe letho, pheha khang ea hore e hlophisitsweng, kelello ke hangata tsebe letho, le liphihlelo tse seng kae feela tsa moea tse ka hlokomela ka ho motho. Ho ne ho bōptjoa le ntshetsopele ya makgabane setso batho Freud o ile a hlalosa a na qalo feela ea ho kopanela liphate, 'me sebelisana behang ea mahlakoreng tsa likokoana-hloko le ea sechaba ka tsoelo-pele ea kelello - ka mochine itšireletsa. E le karolo ea e kholo setsebi psychosexuality nkoa le kelello ntshetsopeleng ya hore motho a ka linako tse bongoaneng. Mong le e mong ke tloaelane le sethaleng bona abeloa tsa tšekamelo ea tlhaho ea ho kopanela liphate, e leng ama e tlameletswe dikelellong tsa ngoana eo ebe motho e moholo.

ntshetsopeleng kelello ka ho ya ka kelello liphatsa tsa lefutso

Khopolo ea ho Piaget - the khanyang le tsebahalang hore motho a tlame ntshetsopeleng ya e tlameletswe dikelellong tsa ngoana ea nang le bohlale. Bo-rasaense ba dikopanothutano fumana dithulaganyo le nonofo ya mmele ea tlwaetsa, assimilation, accommodation, le equilibration. Tsebo ea lefatše ka lebaka la ho ba le takatso ea ho ikamahanya kapa ikamahanya. Tlwaetsa, le eena, e na le tsamaiso e assimilation - fetola dikgopolo tse leng teng le tlas'a tšusumetso ea boitsebiso bo bocha le accommodation, eo dumella hore ho sebetsa litaba le ho ntshetsa pele mekhoa e mecha ea boitšoaro ba ka itšoara joang ho eona. The e tlameletswe dikelellong e evolving ka alternation leka-lekaneng ka dithulaganyo tsena.

, Batho, khopolo le ntshetsopele kelello

A kakaretso pono e ncha ntshetsopele kelello ea motho ho tswa ho litsebi tsa kelello existentialist. Ba hlokomela ikhethang le originality tsa motho eo e bulehileng le ba ikhopolang ho ntshetsa pele tsamaiso. The lefatšeng le ka hare la motho ka mong, ba ikhopolang hae - e rarahaneng ho web tsa litšobotsi tse motho a kelello le ho hlokomela litlhoko tsa lona. Kamoo 'nete e ka phihlelo ya sebele ho re thusa ho utloisisa ka hare tsa bona "Ke",' me ka hona boemo ba ditlhoko le litabatabelo, kahoo e phahameng e tekanyo ea ho congruence tsa botho. Takatso ea ho congruence e khōloanyane e, ho ea ka litsebi tsa kelello, batho,, motheo tšobotsi ea tlhaho ea batho, 'me morero oa ntshetsopeleng lona - poleloana palo e kahodimodimo ea ho intša ka ho tshebetso ya ho intša actualization. Famous setsebi sa kelello Maslow ne a lumela hore bophelo ba motho e lokela ho ba bonolo ho ka nepo lekanya le ho bontša litšobotsi tsa botho, ho bōpa ba hae "Ke". E ne e le takatso ea elang hloko, takatso e sa tsebe letho busa liketso tsa hae le ka liketso. Ka tsela ea ho intša actualization le ba ikhopolang ho ntlafatso ho na le litšitiso tse fapa-fapaneng hore motho ka mong o lokela ho hlōla, ferekane ka thatafalloa ho, ho khaotsa ho ntshetsopeleng lona, e ka etsa hore mafu a neurotic.

, Batho, kelello hape a tsebahatsa karolo ea bohlokoa ea tikoloho ea sechaba bakeng sa ntshetsopele kelello ea motho. karolo ea Sena ke tse peli, hobane ka lehlakoreng le leng setjhabeng thusa hore ho ho ntshetsa pele le ho intša actualization, 'me ka le leng, leka ho hlakola botho ho etsa hore motho a joaloka mong le e mong mong. Homolog mabapi le ho se motho le sechabeng ho tloha pono ea kelello, batho, ke sebelisana joalo seo motho ka mong o itsebahatsa le khampani ka liponahatso ka ntle, empa e e lule e ba batho ba ikhethang tsa lona le ho intša ka ho tshebetso ya ho ntshetsopeleng intrapersonal.