Su-35 Feature. The Su-35: tobileng, moloaneli Foto. Bapisang litšobotsi tse sa Su-35 'me F-22

Ka 2003, Sukhoi Design Bureau e qala ho ba sethaleng sa bobeli sa modernization tsa Su-27 baahisane lifofane ho bōpa Su-35. Litšobotsi fihlellwa ka tshebetso ya ho modernization, Lets bitsa 4 ++ isa molokong o mong le moloaneli, e bolelang ho bokgoni lebetsoeng le mo e ka nnang ya ho lifofane tsa moloko bohlano Pak FA.

Background moralo

Ka bo 1980 pele ho nako, ha a ntse a Su-27 e feela tseba ke Union Air Force, moqapi lona kakaretso Pavel Sukhoi e rerile hore ba be le phetolelo ea sebjalebjale. Qalong khethoa e le e Su-27M, ho ne ho ena le avionics ntlafetse haholo, e leng se ileng lebaka la ho nahana ka mo baahisane molemo ka ho fetisisa ka nako eo. E boetse e ile a hlomelloa le mefuta e fapaneng ea libetsa le ho feta e rarahaneng, e leng ile a lumella Su-27M (cm,. Ka photo photo photo photo mona ka tlase) ho etsa mesebetsi le hlōla liphofu fatše.

A tlhahiso sebjalebjale tšoauoa ka e plurality la liphetoho tse ka aerodynamics, avionics, kaho ea limela matla a, 'me hape o ne a le matla a eketsehileng. Phahameng matla le likarolo tse ngata thepa le aluminium-lithium lits'epe tse kopantsoeng 'nile ha sebelisoa ho fokotsa boima ba' mele le ho eketsa mafura a pokello.

The Su-27M ile a hlomelloa ka enjene jete le boikitlaetso bo kn dostupnost 125, matla le ho feta ho feta Su-27. Lenaneo la modernization tsa Su-27 o ne a khethiloe 'Su-35BM ", moo litlhaku se ne se bolela" kholo apkreite ". Haholo entsweng ho ya ka nako ya e akaretse lifofane kajeno le Su-35, litšobotsi tse leo haholo ho feta mochine o lona ka lekhetlo la pele Su-27M.

modernization ho eketsehileng

project tlhahiso ea baahisane ile a qala ka 2003 ho koala lekhalo pakeng tsa tlhahiso sebjalebjale tsa Su-27M le Su-30MK ntoa koloi le bohlano-molokong o mong ka Pak FA. Sepheo sa mosebetsi ona e ne e le modernization ea bobeli ea airframe tsa Su-27 (kahoo tlhophiso lona ka 4 ++ isa molokong o mong le moloaneli), e le hore litšobotsi tsa Su-35 lekana ho phahameng ka ho kenngwa tshebetsong ho Pak FA. Ho phaella moo, lifofane e ne e lokela ho ba le mefuta e meng ea lelapa la Su-30 ka diyantle.

Ntshetsopeleng ya lifofane ba tsoela pele ho fihlela 2007, ha e e-fumaneha e rekisoe. Batla hamorao, Sukhoi Design Bureau ile a tsebisoa hore lenaneo ke ho bōptjoa ha Su-35 o ne a qala ka lebaka la ho dingongoreho tse ka mo porojekeng e Pak FA ka 'na ba tobana le khaello ea lichelete.

Tlhabololwa ga mohatla tshekaletseng

Litšobotsi tse sa Su-35 ka ho ya ka airframe lona ho akarelletsa ho se tšoane tse ngata ho tloha Su-27M, le hoja ea bonahalang eka oa lifofane ka e lule e le tšoana le matla ho pele ho eena lona.

Ngoe ea litšobotsi khethollang ba airframe Su-27M na aerodynamic kaho sekemeng laola mofuta "letata", eo dumella hore lifofane ho fofa ka hlaha ka lehlakoreng le palo e kahodimodimo ea tlhaselo ho 120 °. Ka morero ona ho tse tshekaletseng mohatla sefofane - stabilizers elevators - e teng ka pel'a mapheo a eona.

Leha ho le joalo, ka tokisetso ena, tshekaletseng mohatla sefofane hlahellang ho tloha holim 'a radar pontšo e fumanweng e kholoanyane ho feta e sekemeng tloaelehileng morao mapheo. Sena ntsetso-peleng ea phumano ea lifofane e. Ka lebaka leo, radars morao-rao bakeng sa lifofane unobtrusive (F-22 Raptor, Pak FA le Su-35) ba le tokisetso e tloaelehileng ea mohatla tshekaletseng - morao mapheo. E le hore a boloke ba melemo ea ho sebelisa canards, ba, hammoho le masiba a mathomo oa mapheo li ntse li le ka morao le ho retelehela dikarolo sag ka mapheo.

Seo se secha e tlisitsoe ka ke liphetoho tsena ka ponahalo ea Su-35? Litšobotsi tse (photo photo photo photo mona ka tlase e bontša ho se tšoane ponahalo lona ho tloha Su-27M) ipakile baahisane lifofane e haufi le ho moloko oa 5th, ntle leha ho le joalo e khōloanyane radar tshaeno lona 'me ha ho motho ea mafolofolo airborne radar.

Tse ling lintlafatso airframe

Bath Su-35 ka ho ya ka braking mokhoa lona e fapana ho tloha Su-27M airbrake sieo (phanele a). Su-35 thibelo mokhoa na le ha e le hantle eo rudders lona ratang ka likarolo morao ea mapheoana a mabeli paatsepama ha se nang le bolulo khutlisetsa sepakapakeng ka litaelo tse sa tšoaneng, 'me seo se etsa hore a ba qobelle retarding. Tse ling lintlafatso aerodynamic akarelletsa ho fokotsa bophahamo ba stabilizer paatsepama, e nyenyane protrusion sekhurumetso le barbotage lona conductive e tlotsitsoeng ho pata ka irradiating lifofane radar.

Ho Matlafatsa airframe durability fihlellwa ka sebelisa Bibele haholo lits'epe tse kopantsoeng thaethaniamo, eo e ile ea eketseha bophelo lona ho ka bang 30 ka lilemo tse ngata le e sebetse ka e phahameng lebetsoeng le sefofane se tloha boima ba lithane tse 34,5. Ka hare mafura bokgoni ile ea eketseha ka ba fetang 20% ho lithane tse 11,5 'me ho ka ba tsosoa ho tonnes 14,5 ka lebaka la ho fana ka litanka tsa tlatsetso.

Advanced Avionics

Sukhoi e entse sohle ho litšobotsi tse sa Su-35 ka ho ya ka avionics ne babatsehang feela. Mosebetsi ya diyuniti tsohle le lifofane le disebediswa tse laolang tsamaiso e khopo taolo ya tlhahisoleseding, a hlomelloa le a mabeli a ka-boto lik'homphieutha. Ho bokella le tšebetso data ho tswa tsamaiso ea tse fapa-fapaneng e etsoang ka maqiti le sefofane taolo le hlahisa tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le dintlha tse di maleba le motsamaisi ka tsela tse peli tse khōlō multifunction bontshiweng (MFD), tseo hammoho le tse tharo mahareng cockpit MFD foromo khalase. lifofane le na le e ngata ea diapdeite tse ling ho avionics lona le litsamaiso tsa elektronike, ho akarelletsa le wireless ditsitithale oona tsamaisong sefofane taolo, 'me motsamaisi le ho fanoa ka lesedi skrine helmete-mounted le goggles bosiu pono.

Radar le tsamaiso tobisitsweng ho

Ka karolo ena ea bath ya Su-35 e akarelletsa ho ba teng ha radar "Irbis" etseng letho oo tlhomelwa drive manakana a sa, e leng bohlokoa karolo ea tsamaiso ea mollo laola lifofane le. Radar khona ho lemoha teleskopbomlift shebiloeng sebakeng Q3. limithara ho e leng sebaka sa 400 km le ka fana ka tobisitsweng ho ho liphofu moea 30, 'me u tsamaise robeli ba bona ba.

The radar o khona ho bapala hammoho le 'mapa oa lefatše, sebelisa tse fapa-fapaneng mekhoa, ho akarelletsa le mokgwa wa lesoba tswakana. Radar "Irbis" e go tlaleletswa ke tsamaiso optronic sighting hore e sebelisa tshebetso ya e mong bang laser rangefinder, merero ea TV, go la la semilolog.

lifofane armament

Seo libetsa tsa ka etsa baahisane Su-35? Lintlha tsa tsamaiso ea lona armament akarelletsa ho tshebediso ya plurality ea lerumo-mofuta "moea-to-moea" hōle le haufi le fihleleha, sebetsa ka ho nepahetseng le libetsa unguided tsa mofuta "moea-to-fatše", e akarelletsang metsu, libomo le phatloha lika-liketsa libomo tloaelehileng. The lebetsoeng le e molemo mojaro Gun - boima ba lithane tse 8, e leng e ka isoa hardpoints metso e mene. The baahisane ka sebelisa metsu le mefuta e fapaneng ya 300 Km.

dienjini baahisane

Su-35 le para ea dienjini jete, sepheo vector e laoloa ka sefofane e tšoanang. Enjene ena ke tlhahiso e nolofalitsoeng ea ophthalmogyric kang "Saturn-117" moloko bohlano baahisane Pak FA. sepheo se ka lona e hakanyetsoa ho kn dostupnost 145, 20 kn dostupnost ho feta Su-27M. O na le bophelong ba lihora tse 4000. A para ea dienjini lifofane na le matla a ho laola resultant qheletseng vector. E mong le e ba le qheletseng vectors nozzle na ba chenchana lona a selekane le tšekamelo ea ho ba sefofane paatsepama. Kahoo ho kheloha ka mong nozzle le qheletseng vector ka hlahisoa e le ka lebaka la deflection tsa nozzle ka tataiso ea tlase-hare mme ho ya hodimo-supa ka ntle. Ha nozzles bobeli vector qheletseng khutlisetsa sepakapakeng synchronously laola boemo ba lifofane le feela ke sekontiri se metsi angle, empa fapaneng kheloha vectors otlolla nozzles ka laoloa le dikhutlo tsa yaw le moqolo. tsamaiso ena taolo e hape o atlehe ka baahisane Pak-FA.

Engine dumella Su 35 ho finyella tsitsitseng supersonic lebelo ntle afterburner. Radio-'me le monya barbotage e sebelisoa likarolong tse enjene ho fokotsa hlahellang radar pontšo e tsoang lifofane le.

Bapisang litšobotsi tse sa Su-35 'me F-22

Ho fihlela joale, ba lefatše ba nkile feela ka tšebeletso baahisane 5, th molokong o mong ka ke US F-22 Raptor. E le o tsejoa, e leng "Stealth" theknoloji e sebediswa ho li entseng ka eona 'me e fana ka radar stealth sefofane, e thehiloe melao-motheong e' meli:

• fa airframe khethehileng etselitsoeng sebopeho thutatekanyo hore e fana ka a bonahatsa radar pontšo ka fapaneng tataiso ea eona ea ho fihla;
• hasanyang (absorption) ea matla a radar pontšo ka thepa molao holim sefofane ka morero oa ho attenuation ho boemong ba joalo hore ba bonoa ba pontšo hlahellang fetoha joalo.

Ho ea ka ya data American bontša bokhoni ba F-22 baahisane lekanang le a ho ho kolofo bolo, ho ea ka ya data Serussia, e le 0.3-0.4 limithara ^2. Bakeng sa papiso, ea MIG-29 ke lekana le 5 limithara ^2, le Su-27 - 12 limithara ^2. Na ho ka khoneha, bonyane e sa fella ho fihlela tshebetso "Raptor" ka Su-35? Features (bapisa ba ka F-22 o fuoa tlase) lifofane Russia re lumella ho ntša maikutlo a hlokolosi ho ba le tšepo mabapi le taba ena.

baenjiniere ba Russia le bo-rasaense ba qapa thepa le mekhoa eo fokotsa ho reflectivity tsa Su-35. Bo-rasaense ba Russia ke bōpile lisebelisoa thuto ea lipalo ho a bale hasanyang ya maqhubu a motlakase ke 'mele oa phetolo e rarahaneng, tse kang ho Su-35, ho roba ka bona lifahleho nyenyane le phaella ka ho re liphello tsa maqhubu a bohale le maqhubu a holim. Manaka a bopile ka thoko 'me joale ile a phaella ho sohle manolotsoeng mohlala.

e ncha-le-moea 'me le monya lintho tse bonahalang, e leng koahela dienjini lifofane ile ntshetswa pele. Ho ha e thibele icing tsamaiso ea mosebetsi le ka mamella phahameng-lebelo moea phallo le mocheso ho 200 ° C. Radio 'me le monya lera 0.7-1.4 limilimithara teteaneng e sebelisoa ho holim' a dienjini le ka pele-sethaleng tlaase khatello ea konpresser sebedisa tsamaiso roboto spray.

The Su-35 e boetse e sebetswa sekhurumetso bontšang hore maqhubu radar, fokotsa monehelo ho ea ka setšoantšo intensifier tube, ho tloha dikarolo tšepe terakeng. thekenoloji Russia e ile ntshetswa pele ke tshebetso ya lero la mali deposition ea fapanyetsana le dikarolo tsa tšepe le dipolasetiki. Ka tsela ena barbotage e bōpileng, e leng ho na le masakana maqhubu motlakase oa maqhubu a seea-le-, ke manganga ho ho petsoha le ha e lieha ho mocheso oa letsatsi ka ezalaki na mwa ndako ka.

Ya e le hantle, lintho tsena kaofela li feela kgakanyo litšobotsi tsa Su-35 ho bokgoni ba Raptor F-22, empa le se ke etsa hore ba le tsoanang. parity ena ( 'me mohlomong le esita le bophahamo) e tla etsoa ka mor'a ho amohela ka Serussia le moloaneli oa moloko 5th Pak FA.

Ha e le litšobotsi tse ling tse sefofane, papiso ea bona ea ho Su-35 'me F-22 e fana ka setšoantšong latelang. Russia sefofane ke limithara tse mane telele (21.9 limithara vs. 18,9 limithara) le hoo e ka bang e mong mitha ka holimo (bwa nzoto 5.9 limithara v. 5,09 limithara) le wingspan e khōloanyane tsa Amerika (14.75 limithara vs. 13,6 limithara). Le boima ba ea Su-35 (letho) ke hoo e ka bang lekanang le boima ba ea F-22 (lik'hilograma 19 500 ho 19 700 dikilogeramo), empa boima palo e kahodimodimo ea "American" lithane tse peli le halofo ho feta (34 500 lik'hilograma ho 38 000 dikilogeramo). Lebelo palo e kahodimodimo ea lifofane bobeli ke hoo e ka bang e tšoanang - ka 2400-2500 km SE / H, hammoho le matsoho-ka ho phahamisa siling - 20,000 m.

Empa sefofane mefuta e fapaneng ya Su-35 le litanka lerotholi tse peli a le molelele (4,600 km le khahlanong le 2960 km) ka ntle ho "omisa" ditanka hape e tla fofa ka "Raptor" (3600 km le khahlanong le 3220 km).