RBC: and analysis mali, decoding, sekhahla le boleng. Sekhahla tloaelehileng ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali (RBC) maling

Ho lemoha mafu a patiloeng bakuli, lingaka ho laela liteko mali, litholoana tsa tse ahloloa ka ho ba teng ha e sa tloaelehang ka mosebetsi oa 'mele e sa tšoaneng. Ka ho ithuta hona ka dipharologanyo ea phekolo taolo. and analysis ho hlahloba lisele tsa mali, tse ling tsa tsona ke lisele tse khubelu tsa mali. RBC-sekhahla hlokahala ho fumana hore na boemo ba phelang. keketseho ea lona kapa fokotseha ka pontšo ea mafu a ka khonehang.

Tlhaloso ya "erythrocyte"

Khubelu ea mali li-cell (RBC), kapa erythrocytes, lisele tse khubelu ea mali e biconcave tiske-joaloka sebopeho le ke e 'ngoe sehlopha se e mengata ka ho fetisisa ea lisele tsa mali. The bophara ba ea hōlileng tsebong khubelu seleng ea mali e na le boholo ba ho tloha microns 7,0 ho 8,0, litekanyo ka tlase ho microns 5,89, 9,13 microns haholo li nkoa anisocytosis fisioloji. Sebopeho sena maximizes le lisele tse khubelu tsa mali Khotsofatsa limolek'hule tsa oksijene le carbon dioxide ho maling.

E karolo ea bohlokoa ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali e haemoglobin pigment, oo ka oona khanya e ka tsamaisa oksijene tlama le ho lokolloa ha elements sena lisele le litho tsa ka hare.

Ho feta moo RBCs tsamaisa oksijene phapanyetsano o etsoang lipid limolek'hule sebetsa ka lero la mali mali, ho fallisa litlhaka kahare amino acid e le dintho tsa likokoana-hloko, e laoloa acid e-botlaaseng le Ion equilibrium maling, fana ka metsi a letsoai phapanyetsano 'mele. Ba phetha liphetoho boitshireletso ke absorption le ho timetsoa ha lintho tse nang le chefo e, e laoloa oona tsamaisong coagulation ka lebaka la ho sebopeho sa limolek'hule thromboplastin.

Red moko ke sebaka sa sebopeho sa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, moo ho na le ke ho nchafatsa lintho e sa khaotseng ea lisele tsena, leha ho le joalo palo ea bona e le sekgahla RBC ntse kamehla. The bophelong ba lisele tsa mali khubelu tlaase ho likhoeli tse 4.

ke eng RBC-and analysis?

Ho bona hore dikahare tsa erythrocytes e, mahloriso a tsona a lekanngoa ka 1 millitara dikhubu, kapa litha e le nngwe 1. RBC-e neng e tšoaretsoe and analysis mali. Deciphering pontshi ena e fana ka tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le maemo a bophelo bo botle le lumella u ho hlwaya mafu itseng ka batho. Boemo ba bophelo bo botle ba batho lisele tse khubelu tsa mali a fapana ka hare ho e mengata e fapaneng e moqotetsane 'me ke itšetlehile ka lilemo' me ho kopanela liphate.

The ya ka yuniti ya tekanyo ea RBC ka and analysis mali sebedisa 10 ¹² / litha e le nngwe.

Tsela ea ho nka liteko mali ka RBC

Ho fumana sephetho ka tšeptjoang, e ke ho hlokahala hore ho tseba melao ea pelehi count ya mali. Hangata ka litleliniking monehelo mali o etsoang tsoa hoseng, ka e mala letho. E sa kgothaletswa ho jang lijo kapa metsi a mangata, ntle ea metsi a tloaelehileng le hloekileng. O lokela ho qoba ho tsuba le ho ho noa joala.

Bakeng sa phumantsho ya and analysis ho lokisetsa ka lesale monoana oa letsoho la hae le letona, ntlha ea eona e tšoaroa ka joala le k'hothone. Ka punctured monoana pricking sesebediswa, ka nako eo ea mali e bokella ka teko tube,. Monoana lefisa e k'hothone joala ulu ho cauterize leqeba leo.

Kaha mali RBC-and analysis akarelletsa mochine kakaretso ea liteko tsa mali, o ne a khannela le laboratori ea ka hare ho letsatsi le le leng sebetsa. Sebelisa countable kamoreng le analyzers, setsebi khanna bala palo ea erythrocytes.

Mali RBC-and analysis: tlaleho

Mora bala palo ea erythrocytes ka sephetho laboratori ea tshekatsheka ba a tšoaetsanoang ka ho ngaka. Ho hlahloba boemo ba phelang, o ile a e tlhalosa tsela boitsebiso boo o ile a fa mali RBC-hlahlojoe. Decoding entsprechen lona ho hlokahale ho bona hore palo ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, hammoho le tlhaloso ya litsupa HT (hematocrit) le Hb (haemoglobin mahloriso). Kamano ena e sebetsa feela ho lisele tse phetseng hantle mali le sebopeho nepahetse le foromo. Ho tseba RBC karolo, ka laolwang ke moralo Hb = 3: x RBC haemoglobin mahloriso, 'me joale e ntan'o ba hematocrit (HT = 3: x Hb). Hematocrit bontša molumo karo-karolelano ea lisele erythrocyte ho palo yohle bophahamo ba modumo ea mali, le tlaase-index bontša khaello ea mali eona, 'me e phahameng ea mali dehydration bolela.

and analysis RBC-mali e ka ba ba khelosa ha tšoere ka nakong ea matsatsing kapa epistaxis, ea ho phekola ba lithethefatsi diuretic. makgetheng tsena tlameha ho nkoa e le ha re khanna lipatlisiso.

Normal khubelu ea mali dikahare seleng ea

Re ela hloko hape hore sethaleng, ha ho na e seng tsa bohlokoa ho feta mali a RBC-and analysis - decoding. Norma dikahare tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali e itšetlehile ka bong le ho lilemo. Tseo e leng banna, palo ea lisele tse ka erythrocytic litha e le nngwe 1 phahame hanyenyane (4.5 ho 5.5 go × 10 ¹²⁾ ho feta ka tse tšehali (4.0 ho: 5.0 × 10 ^12). Ena ke ntho e tloaelehileng RBC indices. phapang ena ke ho feta matla ntshetsopele ya mesifa boima e leng banna.

Ka masea a sa tsoa tsoaloa, RBC-index e phahameng (4.2 ho 7.5 a × 10 ^12), le bontšang hore dikahare tse phahameng tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, e leng ho tiisa hore phepelo e tloaelehileng ea lisele 'mele oa limolek'hule tsa oksijene. Ka hare ho khoeli palo ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali e fokotsehile (ho tloha ho 3.7 mmenejara ho 5,7: x 10 ¹²⁾ ka lebaka la ho senyeha ha bona, ho na le Phetolo butle-butle ke lisele tse ncha erythrocytic.

Ka bana ba ka tlaase likhoeli 6 of RBC index ea ka mefuta e fapaneng ya 3,6 ho 4,9 × 10 ¹² le likhoeli tse 12 ba lilemong tsa ho RBC rationing - ho tloha tiro 3.7 ho 4,9 × 10 ¹² ka ho ya ka litha e le nngwe. Ka lilemo tse 1 selemo ho 12 ba lilemong tsa ho erythrocyte - 3,6-4,6 × 10 ¹² ka ho ya ka litha e le nngwe.

Mokhachane hakaalo kgetha mali RBC-analysis decoding lona e phethahatsoa ho nka ka melao akhaonteng eo fapana le basali bao e seng e le moimana - 'me ho tloha 3,0 ho 3,5: x 10 ^12. dikahare nyenyefalitse lisele tse erythrocytic ka lebaka la ho ba teng ha mokelikeli feteletseng ka lisele tse, e leng dilutes mali, etsa hore ho mokelikeli ho feta. Lebaka le leng ke dikahare tlaase ea haemoglobin, e leng ntho ea tlhaho ho basali ba hoo e ka bang tsohle le moimana.

Eketseha ditefello tsa RBC

maemo e phahameng ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali a ka mali bitsoa erythrocytosis. Khetholla ka ho feletseng 'me a lekanyelitsoeng polycythemia. Tabeng ea pele, ho eketseha ha palo ea lisele tse erythrocytic e finyelletsoe neng-neng ka a bale litsenyehelo ea tlhahiso ea bona ka lesapo, e leng puso ea bobeli ho etsahala ha thatafetseng mali le fokotseha molumo.

maemo e phahameng ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali a bakela mabaka a fisioloji le pathological.

bakang fisioloji eketsa RBC maemo

Ho na le maemo a neng a ka 'na eketsa palo ea likoluoa tsa tlhaho lisele tse khubelu tsa mali ho 0.5: x 10 ⁹ ka letsatsi, e leng se boloetse.

Ka tloaelo ho, RBC ka teko ea mali ka ho eketsehileng:

• tlas'a tšusumetso ea ho imeloa kelellong, overstrain kelello;
• nakong e lula le atolositse lithabeng moo moea ha oksijene lekane;
• le e eketsehileng 'meleng ho fana ka koetliso;
• ka khaello mokelikeli ka 'mele.

Ho felisoa ha bakang tsena isang hlaphoheloa butle-butle ea mahloriso ea lisele tsa mali, 'me e khubelu e se pontšo ea imbalance' meleng. Baahi ba lihlabeng le bongoaneng hlahisa ho feta lisele tse khubelu tsa mali ho buseletsa bakeng sa ho haella oksijene ea phelang. makgetheng tsena tsohle e lokela ho elwa hloko ha ho toloka ngaka Tlhahlobo.

Pathologies oo e ile ea eketseha maemo a RBC

Ho phaella ho bakang likoluoa tsa tlhaho, ho na le a 'maloa a maemo pathological oo overstated boemo ba RBC. maemo e phahameng ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali a bona nakong ea kamohelo diuretics kapa glucocorticosteroids, bakeng sa tahlehelo ea kgolo metsi amanang le chesa o pharaletse, khafetsa 'me o tletse mokelikeli litulo le mamello. maemo ana 'ohle a etsa mali teteaneng.

Larger linomoro tsa erythrocytes kapa erythrocytosis, ke e bontsha gore go ya mafu a tse kang:

• lefu liphio, eo ho eona li-hormone erythropoietin hlahisoang ka tekanyo e feteletseng;
• polycythemia le hlahala thulaganyou e maling, e amanang le keketseho seleng ea ka tsela e feteletseng ka moko oa lesapo;
• tlhahiso ea fetang li-hormone tsa cortex adrenal ka lefu Cushing ya;
• foleng kankere ea mali Vakeza;
• Oksijene khaello ka mafu a sa foleng a bronchi le matšoafo (obstructive la bronchitis, emphysema, bronchial asma);
• congenital le fumaneng ka likoli tsa mesifa pelo le maloetse a phepelo ea mali ea 'mele;
• Methapo kgatelelo ya madi ke ho hlōleha ha tokelo ea mala le;
• nona haholo le insufficiency methapo, 'me e phahameng ea khatello ea vascular;
• Atherosclerosis tsa mothapo renal;
• polycystic renal dinama tse nyenyane tse.

fokotswa erythrocyte

Erythropenia ka o ile a hlokomela ka ho fetisa mali RBC-hlahlojoe. Deciphering liphello e tla ba e bontsha gore go ya maemo e tlaase ea khubelu seleng ea mali ka lisele tsa tsona li sa sebelise mali. boemo ena e hlokometse ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea khaello ea mali. lengolo la lona e fapaneng ho itšetlehile ka mofuta o le:

Tšepe khaello khaello ea mali ho ka khoneha ho hemorrhages kamehla e nyenyane, leha ho le joalo RBC pontshi ka 'na ba e tloaelehileng kapa hanyenyane tlaase haholo (3,0 ho 3,6 × 10 ¹² ka ho ya ka litha e le nngwe).

Khaello ea mali e bakoang ke ho hloka oa vithamine ea B _12, aplastic, foromo haemolytic, a hlobaetsang le lahleheloa ke mali - kaofela ha e re tsena li boetse li tšoauoa ka e dikahare tlaase ea lisele tse khubelu maling. RBC makgabane ho tloha 1,0 ho 1,6 × 10 ¹² ka ho ya ka 1 litha e le nngwe li nkoa mahlonoko tseo ho leng le hloka e potlakileng kenella bongaka.

Fokotseha ha palo ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali a hlokomela ka diso ulcerative tsa lera mucous ka duodenum le mala, majoe a liphio le senya, glomerular nephritis liphio, e ile ea eketseha mahloriso ea limolek'hule protheine maling, generalized plasmacytoma, mokelikeli feteletseng ka lisele tse le ho makala.

Ha a ntse a nkile ngoana 'meleng oa mosali eketsa ka tjhelete e ya mali hore o potoloha ka lijaneng tsa, tseo le tsona ho fokotsa lebelo RBC.