Nave - ke eng see? Meaning of lentsoe "nave". Nave ka mehaho

Nave - sena ke e 'ngoe ea thepa ea motheo e ka sehloohong ea ho mehaho European ea tempele. See lentsoe lena bolela eng? Moo ho se hlahile? ke litšobotsi khōlō ea aisles ka mehaho ea Ke Eng? Sena se tla tšohloa sehloohong se ya rona.

Nave - e ... Tšimoloho ea lentsoe la

The mehaho ho haha tempele e le kannete hlollang le se babatsehang. Sheba cathedrals le leholo le spiers nchocho le bokhothokhotho silafalitsoeng khalase lifensetere, ho ke ke ho le thata ho lumela hore botle ena bōpiloe ke motho. Ka e 'ngoe ea thepa ea motheo e ka sehloohong ea mehaho ho haha tempele e tla tšohloa sehloohong sena.

ke eng nave? lentsoe lena le bolela karolo e itseng la kereke, tse reretsoeng feela ho lula a tšepahala. ke se boleloang ke lentsoe "nave" ke efe? Kotareng ena meralo le tsoa lentsoeng la Latin navis, e bolelang "sekepe."

Ka sebele, nave - setho longitudinal kahong ea tempele, ka kamoreng, a re hopotsang ea mofuta o le sejana kapa sekepe. O se ke monyetla o na le sebopeho o molelele o, tšoantšetsa tseleng e telele e isang polokong Bokreste. Ka mantsoe a mang, kereke e - e ha ho letho le joaloka sekepe se hore e tla tšoara molumeli 'nete ka lifefo tsohle le maqhubu a leoatle le befileng a bophelo.

Basilica e le mofuta oa kaho

Basil (ho tloha ka Segerike - "ka tlung ea morena") - mofuta o khethehileng oa kaho, likhutlo li 'nè ba rera. E entsoe ka e makatsa nomoro ya aisles, fapaneng le bophahamo.

Basil kopanyeletsa maloa meralo le likarolo. Ba:

• naves (bohareng, lateral);
• transept;
• sredokrestiem;
• narthex;
• tšepe tora;
• ntlo ea thapelo;
• apse;
• k'hoaere;
• Ambulatory.

Ha aisles ka Basilica e tse seng kae, ba ile ba ba aroloa ka likarolo kapa litšiea. O ile a re e bohareng (hangata e phahameng ka ho fetisisa) ka holimo ho lifensetere le litekanyetso bobeli khantsitsoe ba mohaho ba bacha.

Basilica pele a qala ho haha Bagerike ba boholo-holo. Ebe mofuta ona wa kaho e ile alima Litsebi tsa 'Muso oa Roma.

Ho joalo, se ka nave tsa mehaho ea tempele, tseo re li tšohlileng. Joale a re hlahlobeng ka ho qaqileng haholoanyane elements ena.

Nave ka mehaho ea cathedrals

Ho joalo, ka nave ea mehaho ho haha tempele e bitsoa longitudinal extending karolo la tsa ka hare, e leng e feela (ka 'ngoe kapa mahlakoreng ka bobeli a) mola oa litšiea.

Hangata ka ho fetisisa ka cathedrals European tharo naves (bonyane - le 'ngoe kapa tse hlano). Tabeng ena, e bohareng e kamehla totobatsoang bophahamo le bophara. Karolo mehaho ea tempele ka aisles e nang ka mehaho Gothic le baroque le classicism.

elements ena e sebediswa eseng feela ka mehaho ea tempele, empa hape le lefatše. Ho joalo, ho etsa mohlala, qeto e meraro-nave tsa mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa sebaka ka hangata ho bone ka hare-hare ho laebraring, hammoho le liteishene tse ngata terene.

ke eng transept?

Transept - e mong elements senotlolo ka mehaho le mehaho e kang ea Basilica. Ha e le hantle, ho ke nave tšoanang, feela sefapano, 'me ha longitudinal. Leha sefapano-Dome Likereke nave le transept hangata e ka ba le nako e lekanang, ka ho ya ka eaba ba etsa phethahetse leketla sefapanong sebopeho.

E le busa, hona elements meralo le fetela ka nģ'ane ho mohaho. Joalo bohale-dipeakanyo bitsoa apse. The intersecting le longitudinal nave kerekeng e khōlō transept sredokrestiem liforomo. E, le eena, e fana ka motheo oa ho tempele Dome, tora kapa spire.

mokhabiso aisles

Naves kerekeng ba atisa ho khabisitsoeng ka seo ho thoeng ke fensetere-lirosa, tse sehelane moeli le ke mekhabiso litsoeng ka samente kapa dipaterone. Ba Itlhahisa ka khalase fensetere ka khabisitsoeng ka mokhoa silafalitsoeng khalase.

Portals aisles le litšiea le tsona di hangata e khabisitsoeng ka lijaneng tse betliloeng tsa majabajaba lejoe. Mabota ka go tlaleletswa ke metako elegantne. Flamboyant Gothic - ena ke mokhoa oa mehaho, bao ke ba ruileng mokhabiso aisles mekhabiso, lijaneng tse betliloeng le mekhoa ke ntho e tloaelehileng. The mehlala fetisisa hlollang tsa mehaho ena ke litaelo Cathedral ka Reims, Rouen le Chartres Cathedral.

Naves-mampoli ba Europe

The naves telele ka ho fetisisa Europe ba sebakeng makhotla tse latelang:

1. Kerekeng e khōlō ka ho Aarhus, Denmark (nave bolelele - limithara tse 93).
2. Cathedral St Patrick ka Dublin, Ireland (91 limithara tse).
3. Burzhsky Cathedral, France (91 limithara tse).
4. Basilica St. ea Petrose, Vatican City (91 limithara tse).
5. Kereke ea St. Albans, United Kingdom (limithara tse 84).

The naves phahameng ka ho fetisisa Europe ba sebakeng seo likereke tse latelang:

1. Cathedral St. Peter ka Beauvais, France (bophahamo ba nave sa - 48 limithara tse).
2. Basilica St. Peter ka Vatican City, Italy (limithara tse 46).
3. Cathedral of Milan, Italy (limithara tse 45).

Ntle ho pelaelo, ho na le mehaho e hlaheletseng ka ho fetisisa Europe basilic mofuta ke Cathedral of St. Peter ka Vatican. Ho ke kereke kholo ka ho fetisisa ea Bokreste ea lefatše! St. Peter ke setsi sa Kereke e K'hatholike. Dome hae ba bolelele ba limithara tse 133 - e mong oa matšoao tumme haholo Roma.

Hare-hare ho kereke e khōlō ea - tombstones tse ngata le litšoantšo, e leng mesebetsi ea sebele ea bonono ea Renaissance. Hoa thahasellisa hore le mokatong oa nave bohareng o ile a bontša tse ling letšoao cathedrals hlomphehang ba lefatše, eo ho eona batho bohle ba ka bapisa boholo ba tsona le Litlhophiso tsa tempele e neng e le Vatican.

Basilica St. Peter e - tse tharo nave. Ka tlase ho ke crypt, e boloka 23 sarcophagus le bo-ntate le lebitleng St. Peter.

Moscow naves

Naves ka fumanoa ka ea Russia motse-moholo oa mehaho. Boholo ba tsona likereke Moscow - tse tharo-nave. Ke Kremlin cathedrals - Arkhangelsk le nkuwa, kereke ya Boris le Gleb, 'me Kereke ea Tsoho ka Sokolniki.

Lengeloi le ka sehloohong Cathedral - e mong oa likereke tsa khale-khale e Russia, e neng e hahiloe ka bohareng ba lilemo tsa bo-XIII. E na le likhaolo tse hlano. The le litekanyetso bobeli mohaho lula k'hoaere ea. Tlas'a kerekeng e khōlō ho na le necropolis oo leshano mesaletsa ea likhosana tsa boholo-holo le marena. Mona ba patoa Ivan Kalita, Dmitry Donskoy, Tsar Ivan le sona le batho ba bang (kakaretso ea 56 tshwara lepato).

Kereke ea Tsoho ka Sokolniki e ile ea hahoa ka mathoasong a lekholo la mashome a mabeli ka mokhoa oa "ea kajeno". morero oa o na le mofuta o mong oa sefapano. Aletare ea kereke e lebisitsoe ho ea ka boroa, e leng e sa tloaelehang bakeng sa seo likereke Orthodox. Meralo P. A. Tolstyh sebelisa moralo oa mohaho oo mokhoa buka e ikhethang: mokatong kereke e sekamisoa nģ'a aletare. Sena se nolofalletsa balumeli bohle ho ka bolokolohi boloka borapedi ba polasi.

Qetellong

Kahoo, nave - sena ke e 'ngoe ea thepa ea motheo e ka sehloohong meaho basilica. O ho pharaletseng sebelisoa ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea meaho, empa hangata ho feta - ka mehaho ea tempele. "Moqapi" tsa nave ka mehaho e nkoa e le ea boholo-holo Bagerike.