Liphoofolo tsa Red Book tsa sebakeng Samara: Tlhaloso le difoto

hanyapetsoa nahaneleng ea lirafshoa tsa batho lefatšeng o ne a bolela hore a le teng nako e telele pele ponahalo ea liphoofolo le bophelo dimela butle-butle ba ile ba qala ho shoa.

O ka ho hlakileng, ba hlokomoloha taba ea hore letsatsi le letsatsi lefatšeng ka kakaretso le ka 'ngoe ea sebakeng lona nyamela e le mofuta oa phoofolo kapa likokoanyana, empa lebaka ha nako e ntse e tla ba e mong - the Earth e tla ba tse sa lokang bakeng sa bophelo.

E mong le e naheng e na le bopaki ba lona ba pheliso ea mofuta - Red Book, e leng etsa hore mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela ea limela le liphoofolo. Liphoofolo tsa sebakeng Samara, ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book, ha e le mokhelo.

sebakeng Samara

Ho latela Samara sebakeng tsa tlhaho e bapisa ka mokhoa o amohelehang le libakeng tse ling Russia tse tsamaiso di nyalantswe libakeng tse 'maloa tsa tlhaho. Sebakeng sena ho na le masabasabeng, lithaba, meru le moru-steppe. Ho tloha leqhoa nakong ea lilemo leqhoa le ha e fihla sebakeng sena, ho na le ho hōla limela, a sireletsa ho tloha linakong tseo. Sena ke ka ketsahalo e sa tloaelehang ka ho fetisisa, 'me ka ho khetheha malimabe hore limela le liphoofolo hore e-ba teng bakeng sa ba likete tse mashome a lilemo ho nyamela ka lebaka la ho mosebetsi batho.

Ho boloka boemo bo hlophisitse ho elella 20-ogy Zhiguli Reserve, empa a sa ntse a lumelloa ho Red Book ea sebaka se Samara a tsoela pele ho fokotsa baahi bona.

Samara sebakeng ae phethang tšimong, tseo boholo ba tsona tsoela ho banka letona la Volga le bitsoa Trans-Volga. % 9 feela ea bohale ba oela ka le letšehali banka la nōka, e leng o bitsoa Pre. Sebakeng seo ho na le maoatle a mabeli, artificially thehoa Kuibyshev le Saratov HPP. Hape, ho na le 306 liemahale tsa tlhaho, tse ling tsa tsona ke ea bohlokoa ea sechaba.

mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela ea likokoanyana

Ha u hlahloba ea ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book ea sebaka se Samara, har'a baemeli ba lefatšeng phoofolo ho na le mefuta e 17 ea likokoanyana, eo baahi e fokotseha selemo le selemo. Tsena li akarelletsa lihlopha tsa Orthoptera le dragonflies, le maleshoane, Lepidoptera le Hymenoptera. mefuta fetisisa seoelo:

• Dozorschik-e leng moemphera - e mong oa kholo ka ho fetisisa le lefatseng la tsa dragonflies. The wingspan ea likokoanyana ena na le ho fihlela ho 50 limilimithara, 'mele e tala le metopa ntsho. Mohatla oa motona e putsoa, ha e motšehali - tala, empa hape ba neng ba le tse ling hammoho kaofela morao matha e ntšo sehlopha. mefuta ena ya dragonflies fofa le tsoma ka potlako haholo, tšoasa likokoanyana sebelisa Spikes ka maoto, e leng theha mofuta oa "baskete" ho hapa phofu. Ka mabaka a ho nyamela ha - tšilafalo ea 'mele ka metsing, ba lula hokae, chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana. Phela ka Zhiguli Reserve.

• Khama e tona-maleshoane hase motle haholo le hlomphehang feela ponahalo ea hae, empa hape ke setho kholo ka ho fetisisa ya otara khama e tona ka Europe. Lebaka la phokotseho ea baahi ba bona ke timetso ea habitats tlhaho. Khama e tona maleshoane phela le bakang ka likutu tsa lifate tsa khale. Lifate indasteri seoelo lumella lifate tsa "tsa khale."

Tse ling tsa mefuta e sa likokoanyana, vodivshiesya likarolong tsena, ho ke ke ha feela liphoofolo tsa Red Book ea sebaka se Samara. Ba hlaha ka lethathamo la likokoanyana Russia le European seoelo tse kang Apollo tloaelehileng, litelu Alpine le ba bang.

Rare dimela

Sebakeng Samara ho na le tse fetang 2000 mefuta ea limela. % 20 feela tsa sebaka sa eona ke moru, ba bang kaofela - makhulo, steppe le steppe moru.

Meru atileng ka ho fetisisa scots phaene, eike, birch, Linden, maple leaf le Elm. Thahasello ka ho fetisisa ke makhulo, joalokaha ho laoloa ke maemong seoelo hore ho sireletsa Red Book ea sebaka se Samara. Liphoofolo le limela eo tikoloho e makhulong, angoa ke ho kotsi e khōloanyane ea ho fela ho feta libakeng tse ling. Mor'a hore se tsoe ka metsing ka makhulo qala kgolo ya e potlakileng ea limela tse sa tloaelehang, tse senngoa ke batho bakeng sa phaello.

Har'a bona, 60 mefuta e meng ea primrose: lalele Schrenk, khahla ea phula, Adonis selemo, lalele tlaase, European bophara le ba bang ba bangata.

Ho fetisisa ea limela tsena na thepa le moriana, kahoo timetso ea bona barbaric ke otlhaelwe ke molao "Ka ho sireletsa tikoloho le lintho tsa tlhaho."

mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela

Liphoofolo tsa Red Book ea sebaka se Samara ke kamehla tlas'a tšokelo ea ho fela. Lilemong tse 100 tse fetileng, ho tloha naheng ea sebaka sena ka ho feletseng ea nyamela phoofolo mefuta 19, ho akarelletsa le sootho bere, Otter, le bona khama.

Har'a mefuta e sa tloaelehang - Muskrat Serussia, ke moemeli kholo ka ho fetisisa ea liphoofolo tse anyesang carnivorous, eseng feela ka Russia empa hape le Europe. Ha 'mele oa bolelele ba cm, 22 ho mohatla a phoofolo a ka fihla cm, 21,' me boima ba 'mele - ho tloha dikgerama 380 ho tse 500. maoto a Webbed le sa fumana metsi ka metsing e etsa boea phoofolo ntle ho sesa. Leha muskrat bone hantle haholo, ho ke setsomi se babatsehang ka lebaka la ho nkha le buisana. tikoloho - floodplain libaka tse mongobo le lotho ea limela le likokoanyana phelang ho 'ona.

phoofolo ena e ka ho feletseng nyamela ka lebaka la boemong bo bobe ba 'mele metsi tikolohong eo.

The mink European

Hang a liphoofolo a ke massively vodilos ka Samara meru sebakeng, empa kajeno European mink - mefuta e 'ngoe le kotsing ea liphoofolo tse anyesang. Ho phoofolo e ntle le e le 'mele o teteaneng le e ntle boea-ja tlhapi, litoeba le monokotsoai, disappears hobane sebedisa batho ba chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana le fafatsa ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana tse fetang meru.

A mohlala bohloko tsa lekholo la bo20 la e lokela ho ba thuto bakeng sa batho ba phelang tikolohong ea Samara kajeno. Ho seng joalo, ka mor'a lilemo tse 100 ka sebaka sa eona liphoofolo tse anyesang moru tla sala ho hang, kapa ba tla hopotsa le Lefubelu Book ea sebaka se Samara. Liphoofolo (lifoto bontša e) ha e tšoaneloa ke ho tšoaroa ka eona.

Rare mefuta ea linonyana

Kotsing ea ho fela mefuta e nonyana e sebakeng Samara hlahisa gruiformes, linonyana tsa phofu, waders, le moemeli e mong ho ea ka taelo Ciconiiformes.

liphoofolo tse kotsing ea ho timela Red Book la Russia (Samara Region), eketswa ke mefuta e joalo ea linonyana:

• Black Stork - e sa tloaelehang nonyana, eseng feela sebakeng sena, empa hape libakeng tse ka sehloohong ea phelang lona - Eurasia le Afrika. Ka hona, boikutlo bo ho eona e lokela ho ba hloko ka ho fetisisa. Ho lihlaha merung e teteaneng Zhigulevsky Reserve.

• Falconiformes hlahiswa lintsu, Balaban, mabaka lepato, ernes, Kestrel le bongata.
• linonyana Rare ke gruiformes demoiselle Crane le bustard, phelang ka masabasabeng grassy.
• Ea waders sebakeng Samara tlas'a tšireletso ea sa thahaselle baeti Lapwing le Oystercatcher.

Kaofela ha linonyana tsena ke seoelo haholo, palo ea baahi ba bona e fokotseha ka, kahoo ba ile ba fumana kapa ho thunngoa e thibetsoe ka molao.

Rare mefuta ea bo-'mankhane

Ena mefuta e sa tloaeleha sebakeng Samara emela vechornytsi seqhenqha. Tsena bo-'mankhane sehlaha merung e teteaneng ea floodplain tsa Samara Bend. 'Mele oa bolelele ba ho fihlela ho 105 limilimithara le wingspan tsa cm, ho fihlela ho 46 etsa hore moemeli kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa' mankhane, eseng feela ka Russia empa hape le Europe.

Ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore fokotswa baahi ba likokoanyana tse fepa vechornytsi hape fokotswa ka mofuta oa sona.

mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela

Thabiseng boemo ba litaba bo sebakeng 'me le matangoana, kahoo liphoofolo tsa Red Book ea sebaka se Samara ba replenished lenane la mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela.

Tsena li akarelletsa:

• Sculpin ba tloaelehileng - ke tlhapi e nyenyane e lulang matangoana le matha metsi a hloekileng. tlhapi ena sedentary khetha ho pata ka mafika le ja Fry ea litlhapi tse ling tse kapa invertebrates benthic. Ka mabaka a ho nyamela ha - tšilafalo le turbidity tsa 'mele metsi a mangata.
• Trout - sootho trout rata nōka ka hona joale ka potlako. hore na ke hobane'ng fokotsa baahi ba o boetse o amahanngoa le ho senyeha ha linōka sebakeng Samara.

Haeba boemo boo ha a fetohe, ka nako eo Red Book ea sebaka se Samara (liphoofolo, linonyana, litlhapi, likokoanyana) e tla tsoela pele ho eketsa palo ea maqephe.