Lingoliloeng lekholong la bo19 la lilemo, Russia, baemeli ba litaelo le bongoling

Lingoliloeng lekholong la bo19 la lilemo, Russia e amanang le lipalesa e potlakileng ea setso. Hlasimollang le bohlokoa dithulaganyo tsa histori li bontša hore mesebetsi e sa shoeng ha bangoli le liroki. Sehlooho sena se e nehetsoeng ho litho tsa Golden Age ea lingoliloeng Russia le litaelo tsa sehlooho tsa nako ena.

liketsahalo tsa histori

Lingoliloeng lekholong la bo19 la lilemo, Russia e spawned mabitso haholo tse kang Baratynsky, ntate, Zhukovsky, Lermontov, Fet, puo, Tiutchev. 'Me ka holim'a tsohle, Pushkin. Haufi le liketsahalo tsa histori oa tšoauoa nako ena. Ka ntshetsopele ya prose Russia le lithothokiso ile a susumetsoa le ho rata naha Ntoa ea 1812, ba le lefu la motho ea Napoleon a maholo, le tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba Byron. English seroki, hammoho le molaoli French, o nako e telele a ena le likelellong tsa batho ba Revolutionary kelello e joalo Russia. Bofetoheli ba Decembrists le Serussia-Turkish ntoa, hammoho le ea senolang histori ea French Phetohelo, ho ea aba likarolong tsohle tsa Europe - liketsahalo tsena tsohle li fetohile ea matla sethothetsi maikutlo ho fetisisa pōpo.

Ha a ntse a linaheng tse ka bophirimela phethahatsoa mokhatlong Revolutionary qala ho hlaha 'me moea oa tokoloho le tekano, Russia matlafatsa matla a eona a monarchical, phethisang ho Decembrists le hatella bofetoheli boo ha boa. E ka 'na sa lule ka ntle ho tlhokomelo ea baetsi ba litšoantšo, bangoli le liroki. Lingoliloeng tsa mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo19 la lilemo, Russia - bontša ea menahano le liphihlelo tsa strata e tsoetseng pele ea sechaba.

classicism

Ka tlasa tataiso ya bokgabane ena utloisisa ka mokhoa bonono, eo a tsoa Europe, setso ka halofo ea bobeli ea lekholo la lilemo la XVIII. Likarolo tsa sehlooho tsa e - e 's rationalism le latele canons ka tieo. Se khahla ba liforomo tsa boholo-holo le melao-motheo ea ba Three fapaneng le classicism tsa lekholong la lilemo la bo19 la lilemo, Russia. Lingoliloeng Leha ho le joalo, ka mokhoa ona bonono qalong ea lekholo la qala ho nka maemong a bona. Classicism butle-butle tlosa litaelo tse kang sentimentalism, romanticism.

Master ba ho hlahisa maikutlo bonono qala ho bopa mesebetsi ea bona e ka mefutakwalo ncha. Ba ile ba mesebetsi e tloaelehileng mokhoa oa ho lipale tsa histori, pale maikutlo a lerato, ballade, zanes, thothokiso, e khabisitse naha mona, filosofi le lerato le lyrics.

baanelwa

Lingoliloeng lekholong la bo19 la lilemo, Russia e amehile haholo ka lebitso la Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina. Haufi le thirties ea ka mosebetsi oa hae oa boemo bo matla hapa finyelleha prose. E lokela ho ile a re mothehi oa mokhatlo oa ena dingolwa ho Russia e reheletsoe ka Pushkin.

Bojenale le satire

Tse hlahang ho setso European ea lekholo la bo18 la lilemo ba ile ba rua lingoliloeng tsa lekholo la bo19 la lilemo, Russia. Ka bokhutšoanyane, u ka khetholla litšobotsi khōlō ea lithothokiso le prose ea nako ena - satirical le boqolotsi ba ditaba. Sekamela ho hlalosa lintho tse mpe tsa botho le mefokolo ea sechabeng bonoa mesebetsi ea bangoli ba ea bōpileng mesebetsi ea bona e ka forties ea. Ka nyatsa dingolwa ho ile hamorao ikemiselitse mokhoa dingolwa, tlisa hammoho le bangodi ba satirical le boqolotsi ba ditaba prose. "Natural sekolong" - e ne e le lebitso la mokhoa ona bonono, le boetseng le jwalo, e se e bitsoa "sekolong sa ft gogol." baemeli ba tse ling tsa mokhatlo oa ena dingolwa - Nekrasov, Dal Herzen, Turgenev.

nyatsa

Likhopolong tsa ba "sekolo tlhaho" e bile le liphoso Belinsky. Nyatsa 'me a felisa lintho tse mpe li e-ba le melao-motheo ea baemeli ba mokhatlo oa ena dingolwa. A tsobotsi bath ka mosebetsi oa bona o ba litokollo tsa sechaba. Major mefutakwalo - moqoqo, bukeng ea sechaba 'me a kelello le pale ea sechaba.

Lingoliloeng lekholong la bo19 la lilemo, Russia e bile teng ba le tlas'a tšusumetso ea mesebetsi ea litloaelano tse sa tšoaneng. E ne e le ka kotara ea pele ea lekholo la sena, ho na le e ne e le ho phahama bohlokoa tšimong boqolotsi ba ditaba. A tshusumetso e khōlō ka tshebetso dingolwa na Belinsky. Monna enoa o ne a ena le bokhoni bo sa tloaelehang ho ikutloa mpho thothokiso. E ne e le lekhetlo la pele ho lemoha talenta ea Pushkin, Lermontov, ft gogol, Turgenev, Dostoevsky.

Pushkin le ft gogol

Lingoliloeng 19-20 lekholong la lilemo la Russia e ne e tla ba ba fapaneng haholo, 'me ka sebele ha ho joalo e khanyang ntle bangodi tsena tse peli. Ba ne ba le tšusumetso e khōlō ka ho hōla ha prose. 'Me ba bangata ba likarolo tseo ba li kenyelletsoa ka lingoliloeng, o ile a ditlwaelo classic. Pushkin le ft gogol e seng feela ba le tsela e kang baanelwa, empa hape entse cha feshene e ncha bonono. E mong oa bona - e leng setšoantšo sa "monna hanyane", eo hamorao e se e pele e seng feela ka mesebetsi ea bangodi Russia, empa hape le ka lingoliloeng linaheng tse ling, ho ea leshome le metso e robong le makholo a lilemo mashome a mabeli.

Lermontov

Seroki sena ne a boetse a ba le tšusumetso e khōlō ka ho hōla ha lingoliloeng Russia. Ka mor'a hore tsohle, ho ke ke ho bōptjoa ha ntho e joalo e le "mohale oa nako." Ka letsoho la hae leseli, e fetohile, eseng feela ka lingoliloeng, empa hape le ka bophelo ba sechaba. Lermontov hape kenya letsoho ntlafatsong ea mofutakwalo sa bukeng kelellong.

Nakong eohle ea lekholo la ea leshome le metso e robong, mabitso a tummeng tsa botho le tsebo e khōlō, ea neng a sebetsa naheng ea lingoliloeng (bobeli prose le lithothokiso). Russia bangodi lilemong tsa bo-ea leshome le metso e robeli ka mor'a nako, o ile a tsoela melemo ea ba bang ba basebetsi-'moho le rona Bophirimela. Empa ka lebaka la ho qhoma bohale ntshetsopele ya setso le le tsebo ea lingoliloeng Russia classic ka lebaka leo e ile ea e-taelo ea boholo phahame ho feta ka nako eo Europe Bophirimela. Mosebetsi oa Pushkin, Turgenev, Dostoevsky le ft gogol ile ea e-ba karolo ea setso sa lefatše. Mesebetsi ea bangoli ba Russia fetohile ea mohlala, eo itšetleha ka hamorao Jeremane, British le bangodi American.