Johan Huizinga: a biography, lifoto

Johan Huizinga (letsatsi la tsoalo: 7 December 1872; Date Lefu: February 1, 1945.) - Rahistori oa Madache, rafilosofi oa setso le e mong oa bathehi ba histori ea kajeno ea litso le. Amohela ntlha ya lebaka la pele ho eena ba hae, Yakoba Burkhardta, Huizinga nkoa lintho tsa sebele tsa histori, lipolotiking, e seng feela, empa hape le a manyenyane setso. O pele e sisintsweng ho hlalosa histori e le pokello ea likarolo tsohle ea boiteko ba batho, ho akarelletsa le bolumeli, filosofi, e dipuo, neano, bonono, lingoliloeng, litšōmo, tumela-khoela, 'me joalo-joalo. Latola mokgweng philological Huizinga ile a leka ho hlalosa bophelo, maikutlo, litumelo, maikutlo a, litaele, ea boitšoaro le ea temogo ya bontle jwa nahanelwa leseling la lipoleloana bona setso. O ile a leka ho etsa tlaleho e, tseo ka tsona babali ba ka ikutloa ba moea ba batho ba neng ba phela nakong e fetileng, ho ikutloa maikutlo a bona, utloisisa maikutlo a bona. Ho fihlela sena, rahistori sebediswa eseng feela tlhaloso dingolwa, empa hape lipapiso.

popo eohle

"The Hoetla tsa Mehleng e Bohareng" (1919), e tsoileng matsoho ea histori ea setso, kopanya le maikutlo le ditshwantsho, lingoliloeng le histori, bolumeli le filosofi, ea e-ba tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa ngola Huizinga, mo tlisetsa botumo e le mothehi oa histori ea setso lekholong la mashome a mabeli 'me a tsoale mojalefa oa Burckhardt. Hamorao Johan Huizinga ngotse mosebetsi "Man Game" (1938). Ho eona o amana le motheo oa motho le khopolo ea "ratang ho bapala", e bua ka papali ea ke bofutsana khale motho le lula ho e le archetype ya mefuta e fapaneng ya liforomo setso. Huizinga bontša kamoo mefuta eohle ea litso batho ba hlaha le ntshetswa pele, setseng diphetolo le liponahatso tsa ratang ho bapala.

bophelo

Johan Huizinga, eo a biography hase kotonda le kotsi, a hlaha ka Groningen, Netherlands. Ha a ntse a ithuta ka University, o majored ka Sanskrit le sireletsa sengoloa hae bongaka ka sehlooho se reng "Karolo ea jester ea ka tšoantšiso Indian" ka 1897. Feela 1902, Huizinga thahasello historing ea Mehleng e Bohareng le Renaissance. O ile a lula ka univesithing, a ruta setso linaheng tsa bochabela, ho fihlela o ile a fumana e le sehlooho sa moprofesa oa histori kakaretso le ea sechaba ka 1905. Lilemo tse leshome hamorao, o ile a khethoa Moprofesa oa History World Univesithing Leiden - moo o ile a ruta ho fihlela 1942. From hore motsotsoana ho fihlela lefung la hae ka 1945, Huizinga e ile ea tšoareloa e le motšoaruoa ea Manazi toropong e nyenyane haufi le Arnhem. O e patoa mabitleng ea Kereke Reformed toropong ea Oegstgeest.

pula-maliboho

Etelloa pele ke Huizinga Jakobo Burckhardt, ea phetseng lilemong tsa bo-ea leshome le metso e robong, pele ke ile ka qala ho nahana ka pale tswa maikutlo tsa setso. Burkhardt ka bohale bo tšosang nyatsa e atile har'a batho ba mehleng ea hae philological le atamela lipolotiki ho nahanela lintho tsa sebele tsa histori. Johan Huizinga (photo photo photo photo) tsoela pele le ntshetswa pele mekhoa selelekela, ho bōpa e ncha mofutakwalo - histori ea litso.

mokgwathupelo buka e ikhethang

History of talingoa e le pokello ea likarolo tse ngata tsa bophelo ba motho, ho akarelletsa le litumelo tsa bolumeli le litumela-khoela, meetlo le lineano, lithibelo tsa sechaba le taboos, boikutlo ba ho tlameha boitšoaro le botle, 'me joalo-joalo. Huizinga latola tlhaloganyong schematization le lokisitsoeng liketsahalo tsa histori tlasa dithempleite ya ka tlhago fela. O ile a leka ho fetisa boemong ba moea tsa batho le kelello ka litoro, tšepo, tšabo le matšoenyeho a melokong e fetileng. O ne a thahasella haholo-holo ka tsela ea botle le polelo e reng lona ka bonono.

o hlophisitsoeng

Sebelisa unrivaled bokgoni ba lona dingolwa, Johan Huizinga e khona ho hlalosa hore na batho ba ne ba lula e fetileng, re ile ra ikutloa le hlalosetsa lintho tsa sebele tsa bona tsa setso. Bakeng sa hae, histori e ne e se letoto la liketsahalo tsa lipolotiki, bosula le bo sa maikutlo a sebele le sensations, ntle le e leng a ke ke a phela ka motho ba se nang balekane. Huizinga mosebetsi moholohali, "The Hoetla tsa Mehleng e Bohareng" (1919), e ile ea ngoloa ka tsela ena.

mosebetsi ona o lokela ho qala ka ho nkoa e le ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa histori, empa e tsoela libakeng tse hōle le e moqotetsane dikgalemo mofutakwalo sa moqoqo tsa histori e le katisediwa, ho ithuta philological ea letoto la liketsahalo tse. Ho fapana le moo, mosebetsi ona o totobatsa lintho tse interdisciplinary setso, tse lohellana anthropology, aesthetics, filosofi, litšōmo, tumelo, histori ea bonono le lingoliloeng. Leha mongoli e ela hloko ka ho litšobotsi tse utloahaleng ea histori ea batho, ho ke ke tse mahlonoko tseo haholo tsa irrationalism "filosofi ea bophelo".

Ha a le lilemo li mashome a tšeletseng a metso e mehlano Rahistori khale e hatisitsoeng tsoileng matsoho e mong - mosebetsi oa "papali ea motho" (1938). E ne e le sehlohlolong sa lilemo tsa hae tse ngata tsa mosebetsi masimong a histori le filosofi tsa setso. Huizinga botumo hape tlisa phatlalatso ya "Erasmus" (1924).

"Autumn tsa Mehleng e Bohareng"

"The Hoetla tsa Mehleng e Bohareng" fetohileng tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa buka rahistori. Ho leboha batho ba mehleng ea hae ho fetisisa fumana hore na ke mang e Johan Huizinga, 'me ba ile ba khona ho tloaela liphetoho tse ntjha tsa saense.

Jakobo Burckhardt le bo-rahistori ba bang ba e Bohareng e ne e nkoa e le pula-maliboho ea Renaissance, 'me o ile a hlalosa hore e be ho belehoa ba baanelwa. mosebetsi Burckhardt o lebeletse ho Setaliana Renaissance, 'me hoo e ka bang ne ke sa koahela nako ya setso French, Netherlands le linaheng tse ling tsa Europe ka leboea ho Alps.

Huizinga e phephetsoa tlhaloso ea Mehleng e Bohareng ho le pono e nepahetseng Renaissance. O ne a lumela hore setso mehleng e bohareng atleha le ba ileng ba pholoha tlhōrō ea ntshetsopeleng lona ka makholo a lilemo bolesomepedi le ea leshome le metso e meraro, 'me joale a tla ho e fokotseha ka lilemo tse makholo ea leshome le metso e mene le metso e mehlano. Ho latela Huizinga, nako ea histori, e le phelang ka tlhaho, ba tsoaloa le ho shoa; e leng ke ke hobane'ng ha Late bo Hare Ages e ne e le nako ea lefu le nako fetoheng molaong ho tsosolosoa ka ho eketsehileng. Ka mohlala, ka khaolo e reng "Lefu kela" Johan Huizinga le metso e mehlano lekholong la lilemo la ho bontšitsoe ka tsela e latelang: khopolo ea lefu ho rena ka kelello ea motho, 'me pina ea "motjeko oa lefu" e le karolo ea morero oa litšoantšo. O ile a bona moodiness feta, mokhathala, le ho nostalgia bakeng sa nakong e fetileng - matšoao a botsofali setso feta matšoao a hlaphoheloe 'me ho ba le tšepo e tloaelehileng ea Renaissance.

Ho sa tsotellehe worldview fokolang fanoa ka buka ea " 'Hoetla tsa Mehleng e Bohareng", e ntse e le mosebetsi oa khale ka ho fetisisa historing ea litso le sebaka sa ho fuoa tlotla ka par, ka mesebetsi e tummeng ea Yakoba Burkhardta.